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Brown adipose tissue becomes activated during cold conditions to increase thermogenesis (i.e., energy expenditure). Topical menthol application increases resting energy expenditure but it is unclear whether brown adipose tissue activation contributes to this rise in the energy expenditure. The overall goal with this project is to determine whether topical menthol application stimulates brown adipose tissue.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety profile of BRC-OA for pain treatment in patients with mild to severe OA of the knee, focusing particularly on two distinct doses. Alongside safety assessments, the study also aims to investigate the initial efficacy of BRC-OA in treating pain among these patients. The study product is a cryopreserved devitalized adipose tissue allograft (BRC-OA). BRC-OA is composed of a devitalized human adipose particulate that retains the inherent properties of adipose such as tissue architecture, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules.
The purpose of this research study is to study the effects of endurance exercise training on adipose (fat) tissue quality and insulin sensitivity in men and women.
The goal of this intervention study is to learn about how weight loss impacts molecular signaling of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) in individuals with obesity. The main question it aims to answer is how inflammatory molecules secreted by IMAT promote muscle insulin resistance and inflammation, and how these same molecules are diminished after weight loss. Following screening visits involving body composition measures, blood testing, strength testing, and a thigh muscle biopsy, participants will go through a 12-week dietary intervention for weight loss. After 12 weeks, this will be followed by the same testing and biopsies that were completed before the intervention. Researchers will then compare outcomes of individuals who lost weight to individuals who did not lose weight.
The goal of this basic science clinical trial is to understand whether adipose tissue blood flow changes between younger and older healthy adults. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * Is basal and nutrient responsive adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) different between younger and older adults * What molecular and systemic signatures related to adipose tissue blood flow are altered between these two groups. Participants will undergo measurements of adipose tissue blood flow using the xenon washout technique, undergo 2 abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies, and drink a sugary drink.
The purpose of this research is to determine how exercise affects fat (adipose) tissue and how changes to adipose tissue that occur during and after exercise might improve health in aging and obesity.
Background: People with familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) do not store fat in the body normally. This can lead to serious illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease. To learn more about FPLD, researchers want to compare the fat tissue in people with this disease to the fat tissue of healthy people. Objective: To collect and analyze samples of fat tissue in people with and without FPLD. Eligibility: People aged 18 to 65 years with FPLD. Healthy adults are also needed. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have a physical exam. The size and shape of their body will be measured. They will have an imaging scan to measure their bones, muscle, and fat. Participants will be given heavy water to drink at home. The water contains a tracer to help measure the fat in their blood. They will drink 1 vial 3 times a day. After drinking the water for 9 days, participants will come to the clinic for a 3-day stay. They will eat only foods provided by the hospital; the foods will contain tracers. A needle will be inserted into a vein in the arm; participants will receive infusions of other tracers through this needle into their blood; this needle will also be used to draw blood samples for testing. On their third day in the clinic, participants will have biopsies: Small samples of fat will be removed from under the skin on the belly and thigh. Participants may return for a follow-up visit 8 days after leaving the clinic. Blood draws and fat tissue biopsies will be repeated.
Obesity, affecting 40% of US adults and costing 173b annually, represents a significant health care burden (1). It is associated with increased risk for multiple chronic diseases including hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease, and NAFLD, as well as cancer, osteoarthritis, and obstructive sleep apnea. The investigators plan to test the hypothesis that tirzepatide, a dual GLP/GIP agonist, improves metabolic health (insulin resistance and regional fat distribution and cardiovascular risk profile) not only by inducing weight loss via GLP1-agonism, but also via beneficial cellular and molecular changes in adipose tissue, given that GIP binds receptors in human fat cells. Based on studies in mice showing that GIP alone or tirzepitide treatment decreases inflammation, increases lipid buffering (fat storage in the fat cells instead of releasing it into the bloodstream), and improves glucose homeostasis. The investigators believe that the GIP component of tirzepatide will make fat cells healthier and reverse lipotoxicity, which is one of the mechanisms by which obesity leads to insulin resistance, disordered regional fat distribution, and type 2 diabetes. To date, the effect of dual GLP1 and GIP agonist treatment on adipose tissue has not been evaluated in humans. Given the existing but limited data, dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist treatment in obese humans with metabolic risk factors is an attractive pharmacologic candidate that would lead to both weight loss and healthier fat, potentially offering uniquely powerful synergistic clinical benefits. It is thus of tremendous importance to define the biological effects of dual-agonist treatment on human adipose tissue structure and function, as well as related improvements in regional fat distribution and systemic adipose and muscle insulin sensitivity. In this study, the investigators will randomize overweight (with risk factors) or obese nondiabetic individuals to hypocaloric diet or tirzepatide for 22 weeks with matched weight loss for the first 6 weeks. The investigators will quantify insulin resistance, fat and lean mass, including regional fat distribution, and changes in adipose tissue (needle biopsy from abdominal fat tissue) to see if tirzepatide effects differ from dietary weight loss.
This clinical trial will assess the whether fish oil supplementation can modulate brown fat activation, shivering, thermal comfort and skin blood flow during cold exposure.
This is an multi-center study with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of adipose tissue processed with the SyntrFuge™ system in Orthopedic Surgery, specifically Knee Osteoarthritis. Patients will be enrolled to the treatment group with adipose tissue processed with the SyntrFuge™ system followed by an injection of autologous microsized adipose tissue in the treatment sites or Standard of Care.