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Neuroinflammation is a significant component of Frontotemporal Disorder (FTD). Our preliminary unpublished data demonstrated that regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a compromised phenotype and reduced suppressive function in FTD patients, skewing the immune system toward a proinflammatory status and potentially contributing to disease progression. Low dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) is now viewed as a very promising immunoregulatory drug with the capacity to selectively expand and restore functional Tregs. Our preclinical data also demonstrated synergistic effect of interleukin-2 and abatacept (CTLA4-IgG) in remodeling immunologic pathways. Abatacept is an FDA approved medication that has been indicated as a monotherapy or concomitantly with other anti-inflammatory drugs to modulate inflammation in autoimmune disorders. This study is a phase I, open-label study to assess safety and tolerability of low dose IL-2 plus abatacept immunotherapy in FTD individuals. In the first part of this study, 5 FTD patients will be recruited. These five individuals will receive subcutaneous abatacept (125 mg) followed by five-day-courses of IL-2 (1MUI/day) every four weeks for a total of 21 weeks (part-1 of the study). If the treatment strategy is safe and well-tolerated, up to 5 additional FTD subjects will be recruited to receive subcutaneous abatacept (125 mg) followed by five-day-courses of IL-2 (1MUI/day) every two weeks for a total of 21 weeks (part 2 of the study).
The aim of this study is to create a repository of both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, including cognitive, linguistic, imaging and biofluid biological specimens, for neurodegenerative disease research and treatment.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if vortioxetine improves mood symptoms and cognition in patients with early-stage behavioral variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD). The main questions this study aims to answer are: 1. Do individuals with mood symptoms and bvFTD have brain changes and cognitive profiles that differ compared to individuals without bvFTD? 2. Do mood symptoms and cognition improve following treatment with vortioxetine? Researchers will also determine whether there are changes in the brain associated with vortioxetine treatment. Participants will: * Undergo a screening visit that involves clinical assessments and laboratory tests * Undergo an initial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose (18F) Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET) scan before starting treatment with vortioxetine * Undergo memory and problem-solving tests before starting treatment with vortioxetine * Undergo approximately 12 weeks of treatment with vortioxetine, during which time there will be regular contact and assessments with the study psychiatrist * Undergo a repeat PET scan and repeat memory and problem-solving tests after 12 weeks of treatment with vortioxetine