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Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD) occurs when there are problems in small blood vessels/arteries in the heart and symptoms of persistent chest pain that impact women. There are an estimated 3 million women in the US with CMD and about 100,000 new cases annually. This research will investigate whether the stress response physiology and autonomic function in response to mental stress are different in women with CMD compared to other groups. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls normally involuntary activities, such as heart rate, respiration (breathing), body temperature, blood pressure, and urinary function. This study will also examine how chronic and daily life mental stress affects the heart, blood vessels. Participants from this study will be recruited mainly from Emory Healthcare-associated hospitals, the Emory Heart Disease Center for Prevention, and Emory Healthcare outpatient cardiology clinics. Participants will have physical exams, blood tests, stress tests, exercise tests, surveys, questionnaires, and images taken of their hearts and blood vessels. They will be asked to take home devices to monitor their autonomic function, sleep and to track their mood, stress level, and symptoms for one week. Data and specimens will be saved for future research.
This study aims to evaluate the influence of acute oral melatonin supplementation on cardiovascular and skin temperature responses to mental stress. The hypothesis is that acute melatonin will lead to reduced cardiovascular and skin temperature responsiveness to acute mental stress.
This study is designed as an open label, single arm, decentralized clinical study in which first responders will receive transcutaneous auricular neurostimulation (tAN), which targets the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (ABVN) via the mastoid and the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) anterior to the tragus. Participants will be enrolled in the study over the course of eight weeks (56 days). Participants will respond to daily and weekly questionnaires regarding mood, stress, sleep, energy/fatigue, and burnout. Each week, participants will complete consolidated online questionnaires (intended to last no longer than 15 minutes) comprised of the Perceived Stress Short-Form (PSS-4), Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Mini-Z Burnout (5-item), PROMS Sleep Disturbance (PROMIS-SD), GAD-7 (every 2 weeks), and Perceived Stress (PSS-10; monthly). The PSS-10 will replace the PSS-4 on Days 0, 28, and 56. No tAN treatment will be delivered during the Baseline Period (days between Study Introduction and Day 0). Participants will complete the weekly set of questionnaires ("Weekly Questionnaires") on Day 0. Participants will be recommended to complete the daily set of questionnaires ("Daily Questionnaires ") on the other days of the Baseline Period. On Days 1 - 28, participants will self-administer one session of one to two hours of tAN therapy each day. Participants will be recommended to complete the daily tAN session post-shift prior to sleep. Weekly Questionnaires will be completed by participants on Study Days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56. Participants will be recommended to complete Daily Questionnaires on all other study days, up to Day 28. Daily Questionnaires will not be required to be completed by participants. Daily tAN sessions and Daily Questionnaires will cease after Day 28. Participants will complete a Study Satisfaction Questionnaire with the Weekly Questionnaires on Day 56. Following Day 56, participants will schedule a Study Exit Interview with the Research Coordinator.
This study is designed to determine if a dieatary supplement containing beta-glucan can reduce the incidence, severity and duration of upper respiratory tract infections among a group of highly trained athletes
The goal of this preliminary study is to learn if healthy older African American (AA) adults have a larger change in their kidney blood flow during exercise compared to White (W) adults. The main questions that this study aims to answer are: * Do healthy older AA adults have a larger decrease in kidney blood flow during exercise compared to W adults? * Do healthy older AA adults have a larger decrease in kidney blood flow during other types of stress compared to W adults? During one visit in the research lab, participants will: * Perform cycling exercise while lying down * Undergo a cold hand test * Perform a mental math test Completing this preliminary study will help researchers to understand more about why many AA adults have heart and kidney problems, so future research can study ways to reduce the number of AA adults who have these health issues.
The goal of this clinical trials is to learn if healthy young African American (AA) adults have a larger change in their kidney blood flow during exercise compared to White (W) adults. The main questions that this study aims to answer are: * Do healthy young AA adults have a larger decrease in kidney blood flow during exercise compared to W adults? * Do healthy young AA adults have a larger decrease in kidney blood flow during other types of stress compared to W adults? During two visits in the research lab, participants will: * Perform a fitness test * Perform cycling exercise while lying down * Undergo a cold hand test * Perform a mental math test Completing this clinical trial will help researchers to understand more about why many AA adults have heart and kidney problems, so future research can study ways to reduce the number of AA adults who have these health issues.