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The purpose of this research is to evaluate if early vs rescue Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (PLEX) treatment algorithm leads to better visual outcomes in severe Optic Neuritis and leads to better neurological disability outcomes in severe Transverse Myelitis.
The goal of this observational study is to longitudinally investigating subjects with inaugural acute optic neuritis (ON). The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the time to corticosteroid treatment affect the visual outcome at 6 months in subjects with acute multiple sclerosis (MS)-, aquaporin 4-IgG positive (AQP4-IgG+) and myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-IgG positive (MOG-IgG+) ON? * How differ clinical, structural, and laboratory biomarkers in subjects with acute ON, including clinical isolated syndrome (CIS), MS-ON, AQP4-IgG+ON, MOG-IgG+ON and seronegative non-MS-ON? Participants will undergo * clinical examination, including clinical history, neurovisual and neurological tests * serum and cerebrospinal fluid examination * optical coherence tomography (OCT) * magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) * assessment of depression, pain, quality of life through validated questionnaires Researchers will compare subjects with MS-ON, AQP4-IgG+ON, MOG-IgG+ON and other ON (CIS, seronegative non-MS-ON) to detect diagnostic and predictive markers for the disease course.
The main purpose of this study is to assess clemastine as a remyelinating agent in patients with acute optic neuritis.The study will also evaluate the tolerability of clemastine, originally approved as first-generation antihistamine, in patients with optic neuritis. Study procedures will include assessments for evidence of remyelination in the anterior visual pathway and in the brain using electrophysiologic techniques and magnetic resonance imaging. If they are on one, patients in this study can remain on their standard disease modifying treatment during the course of the study. However, patients cannot participate in any other investigational new drug research study concurrently.
This study seeks to determine the biologic causes of inflammation in patients with Transverse Myelitis (TM) Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and related conditions. While patients will be treated according to decisions with their treating physician, this study will collect data and samples from patients prospectively to gain a better understanding of the disease. We are seeking to understand why some patients respond to medications, while others do not. We also seek to understand what happens biologically, preceding relapses. Gathering these data and samples will allow researchers to identify new ways of diagnosing and treating these diseases. Data and samples will be shared with researchers around the world to support collaborative efforts to treat these conditions.