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Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) are known to cause significant morbidity in children with NF1. The recent FDA approval for selumetinib in children 2 years and older with inoperable symptomatic PN was based on the finding that selumetinib shrinks the majority of PN in children with NF1 and results in clinically meaningful benefit such as improvement in pain or range of motion. However, many morbidities, such as blindness or nerve damage, cannot be fully reversed with PN shrinkage. Therefore, there remains a critical need in this patient population to determine if young participants with PN in high-risk locations may benefit from early medical intervention prior to the development of clinical problems. This study will determine whether participants with asymptomatic PN in high-risk locations can potentially benefit from early treatment with selumetinib.
Background: People with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) who have plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs) can have pain that affects their daily lives. This study aims to improve questionnaires that measure their pain, daily living, and physical functioning. Objectives: To examine and improve questionnaires about daily living for people with NF1 and pNFs. Eligibility: People ages 5 and older with NF1 and a pNF Design: Participants will be screened with medical history. This study will have 2 phases. Phase 1 participants will talk about existing pain assessment questionnaires and how pNFs affect their life. They will have group discussions of up to 8 people of a similar age with NF1 and pNFs, or the parents of children with it. These will last about 90 minutes. Children ages 5 to 7 and their parents will have one-on-one meetings instead. These will last about 45 minutes. Discussions will be audiotaped. After the questionnaires have been changed, individual interviews will discuss the new wording, instructions, questions, and electronic format of the new forms. Phase 2 is now complete. Phase 1 participants may be invited to Phase 2. Phase 2 participants will complete the new questionnaires. These may be pen-and-paper or electronic. The questionnaires will take about 30 minutes for adults and teens. Children will work one-on-one with a staff member and may need up to 45 minutes. A small group of participants will be complete the forms twice-in clinic and 1 month later at home. Also, a small group who start a new pain treatment or have a dose increase in their treatment will complete the forms twice-before the treatment change and 1 month later.
Background: \- Some people with cancer have solid tumors. Others have refractory leukemia. This may not go away after treatment. Researchers want to see if a drug called TURALIO(R) can shrink tumors or stop them from growing. Objectives: \- To find the highest safe dose and side effects of TURALIO(R). To see if it helps treat certain types of cancer. Eligibility: \- People ages 3-35 with a solid tumor or leukemia that has returned or not responded to cancer therapies. Design: * Individuals will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests * Heart tests * Scans or other tests of the tumor * Individuals will take TURALIO(R) as a capsule once daily for a 28-day cycle. They can do this for up to 2 years. * During the study, participants will have many tests and procedures. They include repeats of the screening tests. Individuals will keep a diary of symptoms. * Individuals with solid tumors will have scans or x-rays. * Individuals with leukemia will have blood tests. They may have a bone marrow sample taken. * Some individuals may have a biopsy. * When finished taking TURALIO(R), individuals will have follow-up visits. They will repeat the screening tests and note side effects.
The goal of this observational study is to determine if a liquid biopsy (i.e. blood test) is an effective clinical tool for monitoring the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) among adults (18 years and older) with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), compared to the current standard of care. The main questions it aims to answer are: How effective is liquid biopsy compared to the current standard of care (clinical surveillance and imaging) for early detection of MPNST development among people with NF1? Can liquid biopsy offer a cost-effective method for early detection of MPNST in people with NF1? Also, can liquid biopsy provide earlier detection that potentially leads to better outcomes? Also, can offering liquid biopsy improve access to care for people experiencing barriers to access (such as minority populations or people in rural areas)? At baseline, participants will be asked to: * Complete surveys to provide their demographic and NF1-related health information. * Report whether or not they are experiencing MPNST-related symptoms. * Provide blood samples (15 mL blood total between three tubes, which is approximately one tablespoon). Every six months during the five-year follow-up period, participants will be asked to: * Complete additional surveys to report whether or not they are experiencing MPNST-related symptoms and/or if they have been diagnosed with a new MPNST. * Provide an additional blood sample (10 mL blood total in one tube). If diagnosed with an MPNST by their healthcare provider during the follow-up period, participants will be asked to: * Complete an additional survey regarding their diagnosis and symptoms. * Provide an additional blood sample (10 mL blood in one tube). * In parallel, the study team will request a sample of tumor tissue from the care provider, if available.
The purpose of this study is to find out whether avutometinib is a safe treatment for advanced or recurrent solid tumor cancers in children and young adults. Researchers will look for the highest dose of avutometinib that is safe and cause few or mild side effects.
The trial will be an open label, single arm, phase 2 study in 20 participants. The study will assess the tolerability and efficacy of HLX-1502 in participants with NF1 16 years of age or older with progressive and/or symptomatic PN.
Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disease that can cause many symptoms. About half of people with NF1 will develop benign (noncancerous) tumors along nerves in the skin, brain, and other parts of the body. Sometimes, though, these tumors can become cancerous. Researchers do not yet know how to predict which tumors will become cancerous. Objective: To test a new method for predicting which benign NF1 tumors will become cancerous. Eligibility: People aged 3 years and older with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of NF1. Design: * Participants will be screened with a review of their medical history. All participants will have a baseline visit. They will have bood tests and imaging scans. They will have a physical exam. They will answer questions about their family history. Participants aged 8 years and older will take tests of their thinking skills and their emotional health. * Some participants may be asked to undergo more tests. These may include another type of imaging scan and a biopsy: A small sample of tissue may be removed from the tumor. * Participants will be divided into two groups: those believed to be at low risk and those believed to be at high risk of developing cancer. * Participants in the high-risk group will be asked to return for their next visit in 1 month to 3 years. * Participants in the low-risk group will be asked to return for their next visit in 6 months to 5 years. * Participants may also have follow-up visits by phone throughout the study. They will be in the study for 10 years.