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BEATRIX (group B strEptococcus mATeRnal and Infant VaX study) The purpose of this study is to learn about the safety and how the group B streptococcus (GBS) vaccine works in pregnant women and their babies. This study is seeking healthy pregnant participants: * aged 49 or younger who can join. * between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation ("Gestational age" is a medical term used to describe how far along your pregnancy is) * had a fetal ultrasound examination performed with no major fetal abnormalities observed * documented negative for HIV, syphilis and Hepatitis B All participants in this study will receive only 1 shot in an arm. This could either be a group B streptococcus 6-valent polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (GBS6) or placebo. Placebo is an inactive substance used in the study for comparison purposes; in this study, the placebo injection will be saline (saltwater). The pregnant participants may take part in this study for a maximum of 14 months (6 months after delivery) , and their babies for about 12 months after they are born. The pregnant participants will need to visit the research site at least 3 to 4 times with some visits permitted to occur over the telephone. A subset of infants will be asked to take part in the study for up to 19 months. The subset will receive diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine and/or pneumococcal vaccine following each country's standard immunization plan and have blood drawn 1 month after completion of the primary and/or toddler (booster) doses.
Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The underlying mechanisms are largely unclear, but maternal vascular endothelial dysfunction is likely involved. Endothelial dysfunction in HDP could be attributed to 1) alterations in the L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway, and 2) an increase in endothelin-1 (ET-1). Additionally, augmented sympathetic vasoconstriction may also contribute to HDP. Chronic (repeated) whole-body heat exposure has been shown to increase NO bioavailability, decrease ET-1, and cause functional and structural adaptations in the vasculature. All these can improve vascular function, attenuate sympathetic (re)activity, lower blood pressure (BP), and reduce cardiovascular risk in non-pregnant individuals. Whether this is also true after regional (leg) heating in high-risk pregnant women is unknown. The investigators' central hypothesis is that chronic leg heating will be effective in improving vascular endothelial function and attenuating sympathetic vasoconstriction, leading to a reduction of the risk for HDP in pregnant women with obesity. The overarching goal of this proposal is to determine the vascular and neural effects of chronic leg heating in obese pregnancy. The study team plans to enroll pregnant women with obesity between 12-14 weeks of gestation and randomly assign them to either an intervention group or a control group (1:1 ratio). Participants in the intervention group will perform 16 weeks of home-based leg heating using a portable sauna blanket up to the hip (temperature of the blanket will be set at 65°C, 4 times/week, 45 min/session), whereas women in the control group will set the temperature of the blanket at 35°C at the same frequency and duration. Participants will be evaluated at baseline and then at 28-30 weeks of gestation. Aim 1 will determine the effects of chronic leg heating on maternal vascular function and surrogate markers of HDP. Aim 2 will determine the effects of chronic leg heating on sympathetic vasoconstriction and BP. Findings from this project will provide insight on the extent and potential mechanisms of how chronic leg heating works for improving vascular endothelial function and sympathetic vasoconstriction in pregnant women with obesity. Results obtained will set a foundation for future large multicenter clinical trials to determine the efficacy and generalizability of home-based leg heat therapy as a safe, ease-of-use, cost-effective, and non-drug approach for reducing the risk of HDP.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) includes a wide variety of types of disease, including congenital abnormalities of the heart valves. This can range from bicuspid aortic valve and other aortic valve deformities to more complex disease such as tetralogy of Fallot. For many kinds of CHD, the optimal timing of interventions remains unclear. For instance, in tetralogy of Fallot, there is still equipoise about when to offer pulmonary valve replacement (PVR), while in aortic regurgitation, some patients can remain stable for many years. The primary focus of this study is to use continuous physiologic data (CPD), obtained using wearable biosensors (a type of biometric monitoring technology), to develop improved biomarkers of disease progression and prognosis from patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) who are pregnant while they are at home as well as looking at patients' experience and interaction with wearable biosensor technology at home.
Stress-induced pregnancy complications are significant contributors to preterm labor as well as maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The goals of this study are two folds: first it aims to capture the pregnant woman's journey to seek and receive prenatal care. Second, this study aims to develop models that 1) assess the adverse health and biological effects of social factors on pregnant women who experience repeated or chronic stress, 2) address how stress can be mitigated in pregnant women from different backgrounds who experience high stress.
The purpose of this research is to collect blood samples and data from pregnant women who are Rh negative. The blood will be used for the future research and the development of non-invasive prenatal tests to identify Rh blood type status of the baby during pregnancy.
The main objective of the study is to compare the maternal, fetal, and infant outcomes of pregnant women who are exposed to vonoprazan during pregnancy with outcomes of an internal comparison cohort of pregnant women who are unexposed to vonoprazan during pregnancy but who may be exposed to other products for the treatment of conditions for which vonoprazan may be prescribed.
The goal of this research is to test if a prenatal yoga app can improve well-being in African American/Black (AA) pregnant women. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is the Down Dog prenatal yoga app feasible for AA pregnant women? 2. How does mental and physical health change after using the Down Dog app for 12-weeks? 3. What cultural adaptations to the Down Dog app are needed? The study lasts for 12 weeks and participants are asked to: * do prenatal yoga with the app for at least 20 min/day, three days/week, from home * wear a Garmin Vivosmart 5 watch daily * complete four online surveys * complete an optional virtual interview This project aims to advance public health by contributing to a broader understanding of how prenatal yoga can support the health and well-being of AA pregnant women and promote optimal maternal and child health outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial of a food is medicine community health worker intervention called the Women's Health Delaware Food Farmacy compared to the usual standard of care among pregnant ChristianaCare patients at risk for adverse clinical outcomes. The pilot study has three specific aims: Aim 1: To assess the feasibility of the Women's Health Delaware Food Farmacy and refine the program as needed Aim 2: To determine the prevalence of and change in social needs Aim 3: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Women's Health Delaware Food Farmacy on maternal and child health, healthcare utilization, and clinical event outcomes as well as patient-reported outcomes compared to the usual standard of care
The PLANET Study aims to determine the impact of microplastics on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiome in order to understand the role of this pollutant on the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as other diseases. With this information, the researchers hope to characterize better the role of environmental pollutants on IBD and develop novel strategies towards prevention.
To evaluate the effects of music therapy in the care of antepartum mothers admitted for long-term hospitalization due to the high-risk status of their pregnancy. The investigators speculate that mothers who receive music therapy will be more successful in forming positive coping habits, bonding with their infant, and increasing the length of incubation during their pregnancy. Furthermore, there is no research that correlates music therapy applied to stress reduction, increased coping, and increased caregiver-infant bonding prior to birth within one protocol. However, there is a significant amount of research supporting music therapy efficacy with neonatal intensive care unit infants and caregiver bonding post-partum as well as improved physiological signs of stress in infants in the post-partum period.