8 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The purpose of this study is to test the safety and efficacy of a new isolation device to contain aerosol during aerosol-generating procedures in the operating room.
There are two purposes of this study. The first purpose is to determine the exposure seen by medical providers (e.g. anesthesiologists, surgeons, and nurses) to infectious and smoke particulates generated during anesthesia-related aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMPs) and pediatric otolaryngologic surgeries (with and without an intubated airway). The second goal of this study is to apply a local exhaust ventilation system (LEVS) to re-evaluate the exposure seen by the same medical providers during the same AGMPs and surgeries.
The primary goal of this study is to assess use of a biocontainment device for planned airway procedures under general anesthesia. This will serve as a platform for using this device as a novel biocontainment and aerosol evacuation system as part of rapid sequence intubation protocols for COVID-19 patients. We hypothesize that airway procedures with the aerosol biocontainment device will be safe and effective with airway procedure times approaching times for airway procedures without the device.
Massive number of clinicians were infected during the outbreak of COVID-19, which raised the concerns of utilizing "aerosol generating procedures", particularly the use of high-flow nasal cannula, noninvasive ventilation, intubation, bronchoscopy examination and pulmonary function test. There appears to be a trend to avoid those treatments. Instead, aggressive intubation might cause shortage of medical devices and add extra workload. Therefore, we aimed to do a clinical observational study to evaluate the aerosol generation in these procedures and explore the potential measures to reduce the aerosol generation or dispersion.
Several clinical procedures have been described as aerosol generating procedure (AGP), including nebulization, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, noninvasive ventilation, and bronchial hygiene treatment, etc. However, the understanding on the transmission risk of these treatments is still unclear, particularly the methods to reduce the airborne particulate concentrations during these treatments are still lacking. This study is aimed to compare different modalities in reducing airborne particulate concentrations during these aerosol generating procedures, in order to find the most effective method to reduce particle concentrations, ultimately to decrease the transmission risk and protect health care providers.
For spontaneous breathing patients with tracheostomy, whose lower airway is directly opened to the room air, the aerosol particles generated by the patients would be directly dispersed into the room air, which might be an direct resource of virus transmission. However, the transmission risk has not been evaluated and the appropriate humidification therapy is unknown. Thus this study is aimed to investigate the aerosol particle concentrations among different oxygen devices for spontaneous breathing patients with tracheostomy, in order to reflect the transmission risk.
Aerosol Generating Medical Procedures (AGMP) are procedures that have the potential to create tiny particles suspended in the air. These particles can contain germs such as viruses. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience unusually high rates of critical illness that needs advanced airway management and intensive care unit admission. Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation, endotracheal Intubation (ETI) and chest compressions are sometimes required for critically ill COVID-19 patients, and may contribute to a high risk of infection amongst Health Care Workers (HCW). To lessen HCW risk during high-risk procedures, a device called an aerosol box has been developed to place over the head of the patient, shielding the provider's face from virus droplets suspended in the air. The purpose of this research study is to better understand how particles disperse during AGMPs, more specifically during the provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The project team hopes what is learned from the project can help inform infection control measures. This could help make changes to the clinical environment and make it safer for HCW's. The investigators intend to explore how an aerosol box performs in reducing contamination of HCW's who perform critical airway interventions during resuscitation events.
Aerosol Generating Medical Procedures (AGMP) are procedures that have the potential to create tiny particles suspended in the air. These particles can contain germs such as viruses. The current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience unusually high rates of critical illness that needs advanced airway management and intensive care unit admission. Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation, laryngeal mask airway insertion (LMA), and endotracheal Intubation (ETI) are common AGMP for critically ill COVID-19 patients, and may contribute to a high risk of infection amongst Health Care Workers (HCW). To lessen HCW risk during high-risk AGMPs, a device called an aerosol box has been developed to place over the head of the patient, shielding the provider's face from virus droplets suspended in the air. The purpose of this research study is to better understand how particles disperse during AGMPs. The project team hopes what is learned from the project can help inform infection control measures. This could help make changes to the clinical environment and make it safer for HCW's. The investigators intend to investigate how an aerosol box performs in reducing contamination of HCW's who perform critical airway interventions.