83 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two psychosocially-based, manual-driven, behavioral modalities. One of these is a standardized version of the established modality of Adolescent Group Therapy (AGT), which includes both psychoeducational and therapeutic components. The other is a state-of-the-art family therapy approach, Transitional Family Therapy (TFT), which integrates management of the current problem with exploration of multigenerational issues. Both approaches have been developed to expressly target adolescent alcohol problems.
The goal of the study is to see if a Motivational Interviewing Case Management (MICM) intervention will improve outcomes for respondents who are on probation or parole, at risk for HIV and have recently entered a Sober Living House. The MICM will help respondents access needed services, adapt to their new living environment, find and maintain work, address HIV risk and treatment, and manage setbacks. The risk for HIV infection among criminal justice offenders is significant, as is the need for stable, drug free housing in this population. Our aim is to see if the MICM intervention in the context of drug free housing will improve health outcomes and reduce recidivism.
This study plans to learn more about people who are sick in the hospital with a lung infection, or respiratory failure. Respiratory failure, or severe lung failure, is a life-threatening disease. When it happens, the lungs have trouble carrying out their normal function of getting oxygen into the blood, and removing carbon dioxide from the body. Investigators are conducting this study to see what drinking too much alcohol, using tobacco products, or using drugs (both legal and illegal) may do to lung infections and respiratory failure. Subjects are asked to be in this research study because they are thought to have a lung infection and may also have respiratory failure. Alcohol, tobacco, and drug use have been linked to lung infections, respiratory failure, and even death, but the reasons for this aren't known. People who use unhealthy amounts of alcohol, tobacco, and or drugs may be more at risk for lung infections, and for severe complications due to lung infection. Subject participation is important whether or not you use alcohol and or drugs.
This project assesses the efficacy of an HIV prevention program with adolescent females incarcerated in the Mississippi training school for girls. Participants in both the health education control group and the HIV prevention group will increase health knowledge as a result of their participation in the health classes while incarcerated. However, participants in the HIV prevention group will increase their condom application, assertiveness, and communication skills relative to girls in the health education only group. In addition, after release from the training school, participants in the HIV prevention group will report lower sexual risk behaviors and will have lower rates of infection with chlamydia and gonorrhea during the 12-month follow-up period than participants in the health education only group.
The goal of this study is to validate the TAPS-ESP as a screen and assessment that can be used in primary care for the screening and treatment of substance use.
This study examines whether an integrated alcohol/substance abuse, suicide, and HIV prevention protocol is associated with lower onset and frequency of alcohol and other drug use, suicidal behavior, and high risk sexual behavior among adolescents receiving community based mental health care.
The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and technical merit of a web application for patients in primary care called Check-up and Choices (CC).
The goal of this project is to conduct a pilot study evaluating feasibility, acceptability, and estimating the effect size of a new computerized Motivational Enhancement Therapy (cMET) intervention for alcohol-involved adolescent primary care patients.
This component of a larger Center of Research Excellence Grant improves treatment for drug abuse by developing effective linkages between specialty drug treatment and primary health care.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate two brief, sustainable interventions for a sample of 280 adolescents charged with an initial drug-related offense: Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) intervention for youth and the Parenting Wisely (PW) intervention for parents. Families are assessed for adolescent substance use, HIV-risk, recidivist substance-related offenses, treatment entry, and other areas of individual and family functioning. It is expected that the combined MET+PW interventions will be more effective than a treatment-as-usual intervention (drug education group) for adolescents with parents not participating in PW.
The investigators will evaluate the efficacy of a comprehensive 12-week contingency management intervention for treating alcohol dependence for persons with severe mental illness who are seen within the context of a community mental health center setting. The primary contingency will be submission of alcohol-free urines. Additional reinforcers will be provided for intensive outpatient addiction treatment attendance. Reinforcers will be vouchers or actual items useful for day-to-day living. Participants will be 120 adults diagnosed with alcohol dependance and severe mental illness.
The primary aim of this research is to test the efficacy of innovative, brief alcohol abuse prevention strategies that integrate positive youth development messages and health risk messages for adolescents in high school settings. A secondary aim is to examine these strategies in various combinations as interventions and re-interventions (i.e., boosters) for sustaining or enhancing behavior change over time. These strategies are founded upon an emerging conceptual framework titled the Behavior-Image Model emanating from findings of our recent trials examining multiple behavior health interventions. The long-term objective of this project is to reduce alcohol abuse and problems among older high-risk adolescents for whom alcohol and drug use disparities exist, yet who are often overlooked in prevention research and services.
In this project we will conduct a pilot study of a brief intervention to reduce teen tobacco, alcohol and drug use that primary care dental practitioners can provide in their offices.
The overall goals of this study are to (1) expand knowledge about interactions of levetiracetam with alcohol by assessing the effects of levetiracetam compared to placebo in moderate and heavy social alcohol users and (2) to test the AccuswayTM platform as a tool to measure postural control (which has been used as a marker of intoxication) and the effects of levetiracetam on postural control.
The purpose of the project is to improve adolescent behavioral counseling services in healthcare settings with a new Internet/Intranet-based Motivational Enhancement Therapy (iMET) intervention that targets the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.
This study explores whether giving families a choice of family-based prevention programs to prevent adolescent alcohol use will make a difference in program recruitment, retention, completion, as well as adolescent outcomes. Half of the families are assigned to a traditional random control trial condition and half are assigned to a choice condition. Further, this effectiveness study is being implemented by Kaiser Permanente Health Care system, and explores the issues of implementing such programs within such settings.
Although LAAM, a derivative of methadone, has been successfully used as an alternative to methadone maintenance in opioid addicts, its effect on concurrent opioid and cocaine abuse has not been ascertained. Thus, this study proposes to examine the clinical efficacy of low- and high-dose LAAM maintenance on opioid and cocaine use in opioid-dependent cocaine abusers. In addition, since contingency management procedures have demonstrated some success in decreasing cocaine use in cocaine-abusing individuals, this study also proposes to examine the clinical efficacy of the presence or absence of contingency management procedures targeting illicit drug use.
Objectives: This project is a Stage II behavioral development study designed to answer remaining critical questions necessary before disseminating Reinforcement Based Treatment (RBT) to the larger treatment community. These questions focus on the levels of intensity of RBT most efficacious for substance-using pregnant patients. Design: The proposed study utilizes a novel approach to conducting a controlled clinical trial, the sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design. Participants (N=220) will first be randomized at treatment outset into either treatment-as-usual RBT or a reduced intensity RBT. All participants will receive a subsequent randomization based upon an assessment of their initial two weeks of treatment compliance. Early-non-compliant participants will be randomized to receive either the same or an increased level of RBT treatment intensity while early-compliant participants will be randomized to receive either the same or decreased level of treatment intensity and scope. Primary outcome measures include treatment completion, and maternal heroin, cocaine, and other illicit substance use. Secondary outcome measures include maternal measures of HIV risk behavior, and psychosocial functioning and neonatal measures of length of hospitalization, and birth outcomes. Significance: The proposed project's innovation includes: the novelty RBT, use of a cutting-edge SMART model, application of advanced statistical techniques and inclusion of a cost-effectiveness approach. The proposed project's significance is exceedingly high, as it will lay the foundation for later Stage III studies focused on dissemination of stepped care treatment programs for drug-addicted pregnant women that can be implemented not only in comprehensive care clinics but in diverse community settings that provide services to such women.
The purpose of this project is to develop and pilot test a violence prevention intervention for men and women in treatment for substance use problems.
This study is developing and testing a 12-step toolkit with five modules, training counselors to use them, and studying their frequency of use, desirability, effectiveness and patient outcomes. The toolkit includes counselor written guides, posters, client worksheets, engagement activities, and videos designed to be shown during substance abuse treatment group sessions to explain and encourage 12-step participation.
Housing First programs are promising approaches to transitioning substance using chronically homeless adults to affordable housing. However, Housing First programs need to provide support to residents to adjust to their changing social environments. The proposed project fulfills a critical gap by developing an electronic tool for a social network intervention using motivational interviewing techniques as well as results of a pilot test of the tool. The hypothesis to be tested is that Housing First residents who are given the intervention will be significantly more motivated to change their drinking, drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and social networks compared to controls receiving usual care.
Methadone is effective for heroin addiction, but many methadone patients continue to use cocaine. High magnitude and long-duration voucher-based abstinence reinforcement, in which participants receive vouchers exchangeable for goods and services contingent on providing drug-free biological samples, is one of the most effective treatments for drug addiction and can maintain cocaine abstinence over extended periods of time. Our research on a model Therapeutic Workplace has shown that employment-based abstinence reinforcement, in which participants must provide drug-free urine samples to access the workplace and maintain maximum pay, can maintain cocaine abstinence and reduce drug-related HIV risk behaviors over extended time periods. Our next challenge is to disseminate employment-based reinforcement for the treatment of drug addiction. The investigators propose to develop, manualize, and pilot test a community-friendly Therapeutic Workplace intervention that can be implemented widely throughout the US and elsewhere. Methadone patients who use injection or crack cocaine during methadone treatment will be invited to participate (N = 58) and randomly assigned to one of two groups: Usual Care (control) group or Community Therapeutic Workplace group. As in our prior implementations of the Therapeutic Workplace intervention, Community Therapeutic Workplace participants will enroll in Phase 1 to initiate drug abstinence and acquire job skills. Participants who initiate abstinence and acquire job skills in Phase 1 will be hired into community workplaces with collaborating employers in Phase 2. During Phase 2, employment-based abstinence reinforcement contingencies will be implemented using procedures for workplace drug and alcohol testing overseen by the US Department of Transportation. Using this system, a national provider of Drug-Free Workplace Services will arrange random drug testing and employment-based abstinence reinforcement contingencies in which employees will be required to remain drug-free to maintain employment. The investigators hypothesize that participants in the Community Therapeutic Workplace group will provide more drug-free samples, and engage in fewer HIV-risk behaviors than participants in the Usual Care group. The study will provide vital information on the acceptability of the intervention to participants and employers, and provide preliminary data on the effectiveness of the investigators procedures to maintain abstinence and promote employment.
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of a computerized, self-directed Motivational Enhancement Therapy program for adolescent substance use (iMET), in comparison to clinician-delivered MET and Treatment As Usual (TAU), on treatment engagement and substance use. The investigators hypothesize that both iMET and MET will be more effective than TAU in engaging/retaining patients in treatment and in reducing substance use during a 12-month follow-up period. The investigators also hypothesize that Self-directed iMET will be as effective as the clinician-guided MET in increasing treatment engagement and abstinence during the 12-months follow-up period.
The investigators goal is to pilot a substance use-related brief intervention (BI) for youth with chronic medical conditions, obtaining preliminary evidence of feasibility, acceptability and impacts of the approach for reducing substance use among this group.
This study is the first to develop and test in a randomized experimental design the efficacy of an integrated 12-step facilitation intervention tailored for young people. In the first phase of the study, the investigators are developing and revising a preliminary manual for the two sessions individually-delivered Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) component and subsequent 8 session group-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) component which will integrate Twelve-step Facilitation (TSF). Forty adolescents each will complete the preliminary integrated TSF protocol. In the second phase of the study, the investigators will compare integrated TSF (iTSF) to standard treatment (MET/CBT) in a randomized experimental design for adolescent substance use disorder with 60 adolescents. As a result, the investigators will examine potential mechanisms that may underlie the efficacy of iTSF in improving alcohol and other drug use outcomes. The investigators will test group differences on potential mechanisms of change (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous/Narcotics Anonymous attendance and involvement) and whether these variables are associated with substance use outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of drug testing on risk and protective factors of substance abuse among adolescents; examine whether drug and alcohol testing among high school athletes leads to reduced drug and alcohol use; and assess the use of drugs and alcohol among student athletes and non-athletes.
Over the past decade, many new programs intended to prevent substance use among adolescents have been developed and evaluated. There has been a recent shift towards brief interventions for youth in school (Brown, 2001; D'Amico and Fromme, 2002) and health care settings, such as emergency rooms and inpatient clinics (Barnett et al., 2001; Colby et al., 1998; Monti et al., 1999). Although the primary care setting presents a unique opportunity to intervene with youth concerning drug use, such as marijuana or inhalants, many youth are not screened for use (Friedman et al., 1990; Johnson and Millstein, 2003; Middleman et al., 1995) and preventive services in this setting are significantly below recommended levels (Halpern-Felsher et al., 2000; Klein et al., 2001; Ozer et al., 2001). The objectives of the proposed research are to: 1) explore the feasibility of adapting a brief intervention from our previous work for use in the primary care (PC) setting, and 2) assess the short-term efficacy of the intervention in the PC setting. During year 1, focus groups of high-risk youth (n=16), parents (n=8), and providers (n=8) will provide feedback on barriers to implementing a substance use brief intervention in a PC setting. We define high-risk youth as those who may have already developed regular patterns of use or have experienced some problems due to their use. In addition, the intervention will be pilot tested with 10 high-risk youth who will provide feedback on intervention content. Revisions will be made to the intervention curriculum based on this feedback and in year 2, the short-term efficacy of the intervention will be tested with a small sample of high-risk youth (n=30). This study will extend brief intervention research for youth, as it will be one of the first to examine the feasibility of implementing a brief substance use intervention to PC with high-risk youth and to determine the impact of this intervention on short-term outcomes.
This five-year prevention services application is concerned with preventing substance abuse, comorbid mental and behavioral disorders, and school failure. We will direct an integrated set of first grade classroom based preventive interventions at two correlated and confirmed early antecedents: early aggressive, disruptive behavior and poor achievement. We will test a comprehensive Whole Day (WD) program directed at improving: 1) teacher's classroom behavior management; 2) family/classroom partnerships regarding homework and discipline; and 3) teacher's instructional practices regarding academic subjects, particularly reading. We will test WD effectiveness in a developmental epidemiological design in which children and teachers are randomly assigned to intervention and standard setting (control) classrooms in 2 classrooms in each of 12 schools. While following the first grade children to the end of third grade, we will follow their first grade teachers over two subsequent cohorts of first graders to test whether the support and training structure sustains high levels of WD practice. We will also test whether the support and training structure is successful in training non-WD teachers. This prevention services aim will be augmented by an economic analysis of the costs and cost-effectiveness of the WD program. This combined services and prevention research should increase the efficiency of developing evidence-based programs and extending their use system-wide in both the prevention and education fields. The aims of our proposed work are to: 1) Implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a whole-day preventive intervention program for first-grade (WD) directed at known antecedent risk factors for later substance abuse, school failure, and comorbid mental and behavioral disorders; 2) Measure the variation in impact of WD due to variation in the experimentally manipulated quality of teachers' specific WD practices around classroom behavior management, family/classroom partnership, and quality of instruction, regarding reading, taking into account family, peer, and community factors; 3) Test effective- ness of the support structure required to sustain, and extend to other teachers high quality implementa- tion of WD; 4) Carry out economic analyses of the costs of implementing WD and their cost-effectiveness.
The Parent-Child Assistance Program (PCAP) helps mothers who have used alcohol, opioids, or other drugs during pregnancy and their children through the work of highly trained, closely supervised case managers. Case managers work closely with mothers over the course of three years, meeting the mothers in their own homes when possible, to help them to set goals and take advantage of available resources. The primary aims of PCAP include: (1) assisting mothers in obtaining substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and staying in recovery, (2) linking mothers to community resources that will help them build and maintain healthy, independent family lives for themselves and their children, and (3) preventing future drug and alcohol use during pregnancy. This study brings PCAP to Oklahoma (the state with the highest incarceration rate for women, where most enter the criminal justice system for drug charges) for the first time. This five-year project includes 200 women who will enroll in the study and be randomly assigned to the treatment (100 women) or control group (100 women). The intervention (i.e., PCAP services) will take place over a three-year period at two sites: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and Tulsa, Oklahoma. This evaluation will measure participants' substance use, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment outcomes, and a host of other well-being outcomes-including but not limited to subsequent substance-exposed births, use of public assistance, education, use of family planning methods, and employment-to evaluate the effects of PCAP services. Among these, the investigators have identified four key outcomes: (1) the mother is on a reliable method of birth control, (2) abstinence for six months, (3) child custody (i.e., placement of children in foster care and/or with kinship providers), and (4) criminal justice involvement.
This study seeks to gather data and insight on epidemiologic trends of loneliness and other behaviors in the wake of the CDC recommended "social distancing" during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to use a cross-sectional survey to assess the impact of COVID-19's associated recommendations (social distancing, self-isolation, and self-quarantine) on loneliness and psychosocial symptomatology (depression, anxiety, substance abuse) on young adults (18-35 years old).