347 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The Understanding and Addressing Rejection of Personalized Cancer Risk Information study is a longitudinal study conducted to understand the nature of phenomenon of personalized cancer risk rejection in the context of mammography screening.
The purpose of this study is to understand why different people have different risks and outcomes for breast cancer and non-breast cancer.
This clinical trial tests whether a new dietary pattern that consists of foods that lower the blood insulin response can reduce breast cancer risk in high-risk women. In a large group of patients, this new dietary pattern was associated with reduced risk of multiple cancers and reduced risk of long-term weight gain. Parts of this new dietary pattern are quite different from typical dietary recommendations, and much education is needed. Overall, compared to the typical American diet, this new dietary pattern is moderately low in total fat and saturated fat, low in protein from animal foods but high in protein from plant sources, high in fruits and vegetables, high in whole grains, and high in dietary fiber. We will determine if a low-insulinemic dietary pattern intervention is feasible and effective in reducing breast cancer risk in high-risk women.
The Understanding and Addressing Rejection of Personalized Cancer Risk Information study is a longitudinal study conducted to understand the nature of phenomenon of personalized cancer risk rejection in the context of mammography screening.
This phase II trial evaluates tamoxifen, with or without omega-3 fatty acids, for reducing risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal and overweight or obese women who are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. It works by blocking the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for prevention of breast cancer in women at increased risk. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease the amount of fats made in the liver. Omega-3 fatty acids may work to prevent cancer in overweight or obese individuals. Tamoxifen with or without omega-3 fatty acids may be effective at reducing risk of breast cancer among women who are postmenopausal, overweight or obese, and at increased risk.
This phase II trial evaluates response-guided low-dose tamoxifen for reducing breast density in women who are at higher than average risk for breast cancer. Increasing breast density is a well established risk factor for breast cancer. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. It works by blocking the effects of the hormone estrogen in the breast. Tamoxifen has been shown to reduce breast density, even at reduced dosages, and is approved for the prevention of breast cancer.
This study explores the cultural acceptability of community breast cancer risk assessment among Hispanic women in Maricopa county.
Electronic health records (EHRs) are an increasingly common source for populating risk models, but whether used to populate validated risk assessment models or to de-facto build risk prediction models, EHR data presents several challenges. The purpose of this study is to assess how the integration of patient generated health data (PGHD) and EHR data can generate more accurate risk prediction models, advance personalized cancer prevention, improve digital access to health data in an equitable manner, and advance policy goals for Patient Generated Health Data (PGHD) and EHR interoperability.
This study evaluates whether adding a polygenic risk score evaluation to standard breast cancer risk assessment tools helps African American and Hispanic women make more informed decisions about accepting additional breast cancer screening and prevention strategies. Traditional breast cancer risk assessments rely mostly on the presence of standard clinical risk factors including family history, reproductive history, and mammographic breast density. This information can be combined with validated risk estimation models to provide a measure of a patient's 10 year and lifetime risk for breast cancer. A polygenic risk score helps to estimate breast cancer risk in a more individualized way by evaluating a patient's genetics. Adding a polygenic risk score evaluation to traditional screening techniques may help minority women make more informed decisions about screening and prevention strategies for breast cancer.
This study evaluates the association of dietary inflammatory potential with breast cancer risk. Information collected in this study may help doctors to identify modifiable risk factors, screen high risk patients early, improve prevention strategies, and provide timely intervention for early therapeutic management as needed.
The central goal of this study is to test strategies to implement evidence-based breast cancer risk assessment in healthcare clinics in Tennessee. The BRAVE Strategy (Breast cancer Risk Assessment - achieVing Equity) study aims to assess the feasibility, reach, acceptability, and appropriateness of select customized strategies to increase uptake of breast cancer risk assessment. The investigators will achieve these aims through a conducting a stepped-wedge trial conducted in 10 healthcare clinics in the state of Tennessee. The primary outcome is the proportion of women age 25-49 having risk assessment. Secondary outcomes include the numbers of 1) women identified as high-risk; 2) pursuing risk-adherent screening; and 3) diagnosed with breast cancer.
This study collects information to implement MammoScreen for Breast Cancer Screening and Referrals. MammoScreen is a risk assessment questionnaire that identifies individuals at average and increased risk for breast cancer and guides their screening decisions.
The investigators plan to prospectively study breast tissue changes after a short course of Tamoxifen (Tam).
Mechanistic data show that compounds in fruits and vegetables have anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties that can reduce breast cancer risk. However, observational and interventional studies have provided mixed results, and a recent report by the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) concludes that the data are insufficient but suggestive that non-starchy vegetables and foods containing carotenoids reduce risk. Measurement error, relatively low levels of carotenoid-rich fruit and vegetable intake in the study populations, emphasis on diet in later adulthood, and confounding factors likely contribute to the weak associations. Therefore, the investigators will conduct a randomized diet intervention trial in young women to assess the extent to which at least 8 to 10 daily servings of deeply pigmented and nutrient dense fruits and vegetables reduces biomarkers of breast cancer risk. The intervention is focused on breastfeeding women because: 1) pregnancy and lactation are normal early life course events; 2) the risk of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increased for up to 10 years postpartum; 3) a dietary intervention to reverse the detrimental molecular changes associated with puberty and pregnancy is more likely to be successful in younger than in older women;4) a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is hypothesized to reduce the inflammation during lactation/weaning and lower PABC risk; 5) postpartum lactating women may be a highly motivated population; and 6) breastmilk provides access to the breast microenvironment and breast epithelial cells to non-invasively assess the diet intervention directly in the breast. Four hundred nursing mothers will be randomly assigned to either the intervention arm, in which they are asked to increase fruit and vegetable intake to at least 8 to 10 daily servings for one year, or to a control condition in which participants receive a dietary guideline for breastfeeding mothers. Women in the intervention arm will receive counseling and boxes of fruits and vegetables for the first 20 weeks, after which they will continue to receive counseling. Changes in DNA methylation and cytokine profiles in breastmilk will be evaluated. Maternal weight and body fat distribution, and infant growth will be monitored. These results will greatly expand our knowledge of how diet alters molecular pathways in a specific organ, ultimately contributing to both breast cancer etiology and prevention.
This trial studies how well a lifestyle intervention works in reducing breast cancer risk through changing body composition and decreasing inflammation in normal weight women. This trial may help researchers learn more about diet and exercise programs designed to decrease body fat in postmenopausal women who are of normal weight but have an elevated risk of breast cancer because of excess body fat.
This trial will recruit young adult female relatives (YARs) of male or female carriers of BRCA1/2. YARs who consent to participate will be randomized to either a 3-session peer coach-led telephone counseling intervention or usual care navigation to peer support interventions provided by community organizations that support the hereditary cancer community. Study aims are to 1) Assess intervention effects on distress and decision making outcomes, including uptake of counseling for untested YARs, 2) Identify YARs most likely to engage with and benefit from the intervention, 3) Understand intervention mechanisms. Participants will complete interviews at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the US, and obese women have a 20% to 40% increase in the risk of developing breast cancer compared with normal-weight women. Bariatric surgery is now considered the first line option for weight loss management in morbidly obese patients with failure of medical treatment. There is strong evidence that in early stages of cancer the breast undergoes inflammatory and subsequently density changes that are observable in mammography. The aforementioned alterations have been suggested to be magnified by obesity, potentially due to its pro-inflammatory state. The investigators hypothesized that rapid weight loss following bariatric surgery and henceforth the reduction of inflammatory stress in the breast tissue could potentially have a positive effect in improving breast density and consequently, reducing the risk of breast cancer. In this order of ideas, with this study, the investigators aim to evaluate how breast density is modified after bariatric surgery, and how it impacts the risk of developing breast cancer using The Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) risk score and calculator in our population.
The goals of the study are to develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate intervention to reduce SHS exposure for LEP Korean women using a family-focused intervention approach targeting Korean Americans ages 18 and above in the greater San Francisco Bay Area, CA, and to evaluate efficacy of the proposed intervention. The study is a single group feasibility trial targeting a total of 4 lay health workers (LHW) and 24 dyads of LEP Korean women with self-reported SHS exposure at home and a male household smoker. The hypothesis is: H. Can a family-based intervention approach reduce SHS exposure among Korean American women who live with a current smoker?
This pilot trial studies how well a diabetes prevention program with or without hunger training works in helping to lower breast cancer risk in obese participants. A diabetes prevention program involves learning about and receiving materials on different strategies to encourage weight loss, and hunger training involves learning how to recognize hunger. It is not yet known whether adding hunger training to a diabetes prevention program helps participants control their weight that could reduce the risk of some cancers.
In a randomized controlled trial, the investigators will test the effect of a novel strategy for breast cancer risk assessment and risk-based management of women in their 40s seen in primary care. The investigators anticipate that this approach will lead to more optimal use of mammography screening and breast cancer prevention interventions in women in their 40s and as a result will improve care of these women.
A prospective, non-interventional study in women 18 to 84 years of age. Subjects will provide a sample for genetic testing and information about their medical and family history. The results of the genetic test will be combined with clinical data to validate a method of predicting breast cancer risk.
The objective of this protocol is to adapt and pilot test an existing lifestyle modification intervention for weight loss for women with overweight or obesity who have had a recent false positive mammography screen. The purpose of this pilot trial is to establish feasibility of Connect Online to Engage Change Tool (CONECT) to promote weight loss through increased physical activity and diet change.
The overall goal of the proposed research is to evaluate the uptake of testing and longitudinal risks and benefits of multiplex testing for cancer susceptibility in BRCA1/2 negative patients. This model will inform the selection of the outcomes and potential mediators and moderators of these outcomes, to inform the debate over utility, risks, and benefits of clinical incorporation of multiplex testing for breast cancer susceptibility.
Overweight and obesity are well established risk factors for breast cancer that develop after menopause. The increased postmenopausal breast cancer risk in women who are overweight or obese is likely to be attributed to multiple metabolic disturbances. Metformin is a commonly used medication in diabetics to stabilize blood sugar. Association studies and laboratory studies have shown its potential to reduce the risk for development of cancer, including breast cancer. Recent pilot clinical studies in breast cancer patients suggest that metformin may only be effective in overweight or obese women with metabolic disturbances. We propose to conduct a clinical study of metformin in overweight or obese premenopausal women with metabolic disturbances. Study participants will be randomly assigned to receive metformin or placebo for 12 months. The study will evaluate whether metformin can result in favorable changes in risk features that have been associated with increased breast cancer risk. The risk features that will be examined in our study include breast density, certain proteins and hormones, products of body metabolism, and body weight and composition. The study should help determine the potential breast cancer preventive activity of metformin in a growing population at risk for multiple diseases.
In order to better communicate personal risk of breast cancer to women who have not yet initiated breast cancer screening (mammography), The Annenberg School of Communication at the University of Pennsylvania has created a personal breast cancer screening decision aid tool. This tool will be pilot tested, and then implemented and tested in nine primary care and OB/GYN practices within the University of Pennsylvania Health System.
The proposed research combines the scientific advances in breast cancer research with health information technology (IT) to design a personalized intervention that assesses breast cancer risk for women, disseminates important breast health information, and facilitates discussion of breast cancer risk reduction practices. Our goal is to implement a tablet-PC (personal computer) based breast cancer risk education (BreastCare) intervention in the primary care setting that estimates a woman's individual risk for breast cancer and provides her and her physician with personalized breast cancer risk information and recommendations for action.
The primary objective of this investigation is to determine whether diets designed to increase plasma n3 concentrations (a low fat diet, with or without n3 fatty acid enrichment), will favorably affect sex hormone distribution in women in a direction associated with reduced risk of sex hormone-mediated cancer development. Specifically, we hypothesize that an increased concentration of circulating n3 fatty acids will reduce the biochemical markers associated with increased risk for developing certain sex hormone mediated cancers such as breast cancer
This is an analysis of de-identified data collected from 240 Saudi Arabian women, 120 with breast cancer and 120 control women, to evalyate if vitamin D status is associated with breast cancer risk.
Background: - At present, women do not have very accurate tests to inform of them of their personal risk of developing breast cancer. More information on the changes associated with both benign and cancerous breast lesions will help develop better risk information. Researchers have been looking at cells found in breast milk to study genetic changes related to breast cancer. However, most of these cell samples have been collected from white women. A new study wants to collect breast milk samples from African American women for further research. Comparing the results of genetic tests will help improve understanding of breast cancer risk in all women. Objectives: - To study genetic changes related to breast lesions, including breast cancer, in African American women. Eligibility: - African American women at least 18 years of age who are nursing a baby and who either have had or are being considered for a breast biopsy. Design: * Participants will be screened with personal health questions. * Participants will receive a box with sterile bottles for milk collection. They will collect two breast milk samples, one from each breast. They will also fill out a questionnaire about their medical history. * The box with the samples and the questionnaire will be returned to the clinical center for study. * After the box is returned, participants will be asked to provide a copy of the biopsy report for any breast biopsies they have had. * There will be a followup phone call every year. Participants will provide health history information. This information will include whether they have been diagnosed with breast cancer in the previous year.
The purpose of this study is to learn about how a woman's health history influences what a normal breast looks like on an MRI. The investigators also want to learn about how the amount of different natural hormones a woman has affects how the breast looks on an MRI. The investigator's hope is that this will help to find women at a high-risk of breast cancer.