4 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Carbapenems are a class of antibiotic agents which kill a broad spectrum of bacteria. Infections due to gram-negative bacteria which have acquired resistance to carbapenems are increasing, especially with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The optimal treatment of such infections is not known. Antibiotics like polymyxin, tigecycline and rifampin are used alone or in combination with other antibiotics. The outcome of using these new and old drugs is not well studied. This observational study aims to study the clinical and microbiological outcomes of these infections and treatment at our institution.
Antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria continues to increase in US hospitals. This comes at a time when there are few new drugs in development that are active for these resistant organisms. The implication is that we must learn to use the drugs that we have more wisely and develop new strategies that will preserve existing agents. Antimicrobial "stewardship" programs are one strategy that many hospitals are adopting to improve the quality of antimicrobial use. The goal of this project is to develop a consortium of US academic medical centers that will allow characterization of the relationships between antibiotic use and rates of resistance for gram-negative pathogens, and to help hospital devise new strategies that will modify antibiotic use and possibly delay or reduce resistance. The specific hypotheses are: * Hospitals with established or emerging resistance in gram-negative pathogens, including extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms, carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE)and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa have a different pattern of antimicrobial drug use compared to hospitals with fewer of these organisms. * Hospital use of ertapenem is not associated with the rates of carbapenem-resistant organisms.
This project will assess the feasibility of a cluster-randomized trial with crossover of our intervention, targeted gown and glove use, among high-risk residents of community nursing homes to prevent Staphylococcus aureus and carbapenem gram negative bacteria acquisition and infection.
This is an observation study comparing prospective use of Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam (IMI/REL) to retrospective data using Meropenem/Vabobactam (MVB)and Ceftazidime/Avibactam CZA) in treatment of Klebsiella Producing Carbapenemase Enterobacteriaceae infections at a tertiary care hospital. The objectives of the study are to demonstrate successful treatment of KPC containing Enterobacteriaceae infections with IMI/REL including in bacteremia, and to analyze treatment outcomes in use of IMI/REL for KPC-producing infections compared to historical clinical outcome data with CZA and MVB use at the same institution.