5 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
MORDOR was a cluster-randomized placebo controlled trial that assessed the efficacy of mass azithromycin distributions for the prevention of childhood mortality. All communities were subsequently treated with mass azithromycin for one year. The present trial re-randomized communities to azithromycin or placebo for the fourth and fifth year of the study.
The long-term goal of this study is to more precisely define the role of mass azithromycin treatments as an intervention for reducing childhood morbidity and increasing growth, and for the potential selection of antibiotic resistance. The investigators propose a set of 3 cluster-randomized trials in Malawi, Niger, and Tanzania comparing communities randomized to oral azithromycin with those randomized to placebo. To assess the generalizability of the intervention, investigators will monitor for antibiotic resistance, which could potentially limit adoption of mass antibiotic treatments. The investigators will also assess several measures of infectious diseases. The investigators hypothesize that mass azithromycin treatments will reduce childhood morbidity and will be accompanied by an acceptable level of antibiotic resistance.
Our long-term goal is to more precisely define the role of mass azithromycin treatments as an intervention for reducing childhood mortality. We propose a single multi-site (multi-country), cluster-randomized trial comparing communities randomized to oral azithromycin with those randomized to placebo. We hypothesize that mass azithromycin treatments will reduce childhood mortality.
Previous studies have estabished pesticide exposure as a possible risk factor for childhood cancer. The Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a prospective cohort study of pesticide exposure among 51,000 pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, provides an opportunity to study childhood cancer incidence and mortality among the children of pesticide applicators. Name and dates of birth for 21,985 children were previously provided by adult participants in the AHS. The current study seeks to identify cases of cancer among these children through record linkage to state cancer and death registries. Cancer incidence and mortality within the cohort will be compared with national data through standardized incidence and mortality ratios. A limited case-cohort comparison of pesticide exposures will also be performed. Approximately 44 cases of childhood cancer are expected to be identified. No follow-up or contact with cases is anticipated. It is anticipated that the study results will provide insight into the relationship of pesticide and other farm exposures to the pathogenesis of childhood cancer.
This pilot project aims to implement and investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a unique community based prenatal care and support model for African American women and infants in Dane County. The model, the "Today Not Tomorrow Pregnancy and Infant Support Program (TNT-PISP)" builds on emerging evidence about how to effectively implement and sustain prenatal care in black communities. It combines three approaches-community-based doula programs; group-based models of prenatal care, such as Centering Pregnancy; and community-based pregnancy support groups-into once monthly group sessions held during the prenatal and immediate postpartum period. The project is based at the Today Not Tomorrow Family Resource Center in Madison's East Side Community Center, and carried out in close collaboration with Project Babies, Harambee Village Doulas, and the African American Breastfeeding Alliance of Dane County, Inc.