12 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
To determine whether a 5-week computer-based cognitive training intervention results in changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within the brain networks.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the use of a new brain stimulation tool called transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). tDCS is a new technique used to stimulate the brain. The investigators believe that it may help to change brain function in individuals with anorexia nervosa. The brain stimulation occurs outside the head. The tDCS procedure involves applying a small amount of electrical current across the scalp, for a short period of time. This small electrical current is able to change the electrical activity inside areas of the brain. In the current study, the investigators will ask participants to complete computer-based brain training sessions. While participants do the brain training exercises, they will receive either real tDCS for "sham" tDCS. "Sham" tDCS means that participants might feel sensations like tingling or vibrations from the tDCS machine, but will not actually receive the electrical current. Investigators will also ask participants to complete several tests to assess changes in brain function. The information gained from this study will help investigators to understand how tDCS could be used to improve brain function and learning in individuals with anorexia nervosa.
To determine whether participation in a cognitive training program over a training period of five weeks improves cognitive flexibility in patients with chronic hip, knee, and back pain.
This study uses two different types of interventions including electrical brain stimulation delivered during sleep, and brief, daily meditation training. The investigators are trying to figure out whether these techniques, either alone or in combination with each other, can positively impact the brain networks that support our ability to think flexibly and to regulate our emotions. 48 participants will be enrolled into each of 2 phases and can expect to be on study for up to 9 months.
The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the impact of a specific guided meditation (Twin Hearts Meditation; THM) on cognitive functioning and EEG dynamics in experienced and inexperienced meditators. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Will the experienced meditators outperform inexperienced meditators on the attention control tasks (Flanker, Trails A \& B) at baseline (pre-meditation)? * Will both groups show improvements in performance after meditation associated with mood and physiological state changes? * Will the experienced meditators show an overall mood profile of higher positive mood states and less negative mood states (Brunel Mood Scale subscale difference) at baseline (pre-meditation)? * Will both groups show mood state improvements after meditation? * Will the experienced meditators show differences in electrophysiological characteristics compared to inexperienced meditators? * Will inexperienced meditators exhibit shifts from their baseline resting-state EEG towards being more similar to the EEG characteristics of experienced meditators at baseline? * Will experienced meditators demonstrate differences in P300 latencies and amplitudes on the auditory oddball paradigm. Participants will: * Take a series of pre-meditation surveys. * Complete pre-meditation P300 auditory oddball task. * Complete pre-meditation cognitive behavioral task set. * Continuous 19-channel EEG recording before and after pre-recorded guided THM. * Take a series of post-meditation surveys. * Complete post-session P300 auditory oddball task. * Complete post-session cognitive behavioral task set.
This project is designed to explore the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a remote Tai Chi program on older adults' 24-hour movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep patterns).
This is a single site, single dose clinical trial of intravenous (IV) ketamine for medically hospitalized adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa. Eating disorder symptoms will be measured pre- and post-ketamine infusion. Investigators hypothesize that ketamine will increase cognitive flexibility, making medical hospitalizations less distressing by improving the ability to learn new, positive associations with food.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent and represents a high healthcare burden among Veterans. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a brain-based therapy that may be effective for treating PTSD. The theorized mechanism of rTMS is enhancement of emotional flexibility via the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex node of the brain's cognitive control network. Given this mechanism of action, adding rTMS to an evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) for PTSD may enhance treatment effects. Written exposure therapy (WET) is a brief EBP for PTSD found to reduce attrition compared to lengthier first line treatments. In this study, the investigators will determine if active rTMS added to WET compared with sham rTMS added to WET results in improved PTSD outcomes. The investigators will also determine if emotional flexibility is a mechanism of symptom improvement. This work will improve upon PTSD intervention and inform the mechanism of treatment effectiveness for Veterans suffering from PTSD.
This is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of transdermal estradiol versus placebo on cognitive flexibility, reward processing, and eating disorder pathology in hypoestrogenemic female adolescents and young adults (ages 14-35 years) with an eating disorder characterized by extreme dietary restriction and/or excessive exercise. Subjects will be randomized 1:1 to 12 weeks of transdermal estradiol with cyclic progesterone or placebo patches and cyclic placebo pills. Study visits include a screening visit to determine eligibility and visits at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Study procedures comprise behavioral, neuroimaging, and endocrine assessments.
The purpose of the current study is to investigate the role of Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) as a pre-treatment intervention for adolescents who are hospitalized for Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The primary aims are to determine if CRT can result in greater treatment engagement post-discharge, increased rate of weight gain post-discharge, reduction in symptom accommodation, and increased behavioral flexibility in adolescents and parents.
This observational study aims to determine the association between preoperative cognitive flexibility and the risk of developing PPSP by preoperative administration of cognitive tests.
This study, at the Western Human Nutrition Research Center (WHNRC), will focus on whether or not achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight is the most important health promoting recommendation of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA).The investigators hypothesize that improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors resulting from eating a DGA style diet will be greater in people whose energy intake is restricted to result in weight loss compared to those who maintain their weight. The investigators further propose that during a state of energy restriction, a higher nutrient quality diet such as the DGA style diet pattern, will result in greater improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors compared to a typical American diet (TAD) pattern that tends to be lower nutrient quality (more energy-dense and less nutrient-rich.)