14 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This study will test the independent and combined effects of front-of-package claims, imagery, nutrition disclosures, and added sugar warning labels on parents' purchases and perceptions of beverages for their children.
The aim of the Adoption study is to determine how best to encourage people to adopt clean cookstoves in order to diminish the global health risk of household air pollution. The study harnesses an existing cohort in Ghana to study factors that increase the adoption of clean cookstoves, and to test strategies to promote adoption and continued use. Limited past research has shown that the demand for clean cookstoves is low, and that households continue to use traditional hearths even when they have clean cookstoves. This behavior threatens to undermine clean cookstove intervention programs, such as those promoted by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. The proposed study aims to ascertain the demand curve for liquified petroleum gas (LPG) in the Kintampo North Municipality and South district.
The objectives of this study are to: 1. Investigate and describe perceptions of nutrient content, including calories, of plant-based milks and dairy milks without food labels (ie., no Ingredient or Nutrition Facts label) and how this impacts consumption choice. 2. Determine understanding of nutrient content, including calories, of plant-based milks and dairy milks after given access to food labels (ie., Ingredient or Nutrition Facts label) and how this impacts consumption choice. 3. Assess influence of age, gender, economic status, and race/ethnicity on results.
This is an online survey assessing consumer support for different labeling policies related to sugar sweetened beverages. The investigators will present consumers with three labels that are being considered for sugar sweetened beverages: a calorie label, a text warning label that says "Warning drinking beverages with added sugar(s) can lead to health problems like obesity, diabetes and tooth decay" and a graphic warning label that includes graphic images to correspond with each of the health problems listed with the text warning. The investigators will ask participants their support for each label. The investigators will also see if support for the labels change after learning of the effectiveness of these labels. The investigators will share the results of a recent field study that suggested calorie and textual warning labels had no influence on the purchasing of sugar sweetened beverages while the graphic label decreased purchasing by 11 percent.
Household air pollution (HAP) is a top-priority public health problem in developing countries. According to the most recent comparative risk assessment, 3.5 million people die prematurely each year as a result of HAP exposures. While uncertainties remain regarding causal links between HAP exposures and health, the time is ripe for focused research into effective interventions. Limited past research has shown that the demand for clean cookstoves is low, and that households continue to use traditional hearths even when they have clean stoves. The investigators propose to harness an existing cohort in Ghana to study factors that increase the adoption of clean cookstoves, and to test strategies to promote adoption and continued use.
We will conduct a cross-sectional survey from adults 18 years of age and older to examine consumer knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards aging skin.
The purpose of this study is to compare nicotine uptake and product use behavior during and following use of two moist snuff products in generally healthy, adult moist snuff users.
Cannabidiol (CBD) cannot be marketed as having therapeutic benefits (without FDA's approval), be false or misleading to consumers, or convey the products are approved or endorsed by the FDA. In addition, CBD cannot be marketed as a food additive or dietary supplement since it is an active ingredient in an approved drug, Epidiolex. Despite this, CBD products have been illicitly advertised to consumers with these claims including unsubstantiated health claims that promote benefits including curing cancer and preventing Alzheimer's disease. These types of claims may be influencing consumers to use CBD. This study aims to examine the impact of CBD advertising with health claims on consumer purchase behavior.
This study is being conducted to evaluate the impact of within-flavor category (tobacco and menthol) differences in e-liquid flavors on product use behaviors, nicotine uptake, and subjective effects by current ENDS consumers when used in a closed-system electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS).
Introduction Chronic disease is prevalent and costly in the U.S. (Tu \& Cohen, 2009). Poor eating habit is one factor that account for risk of chronic disease (Arsand, Varmedal, \& Hartvigsen, 2007). Smartphone technology has been promising to improve preventive health outcomes. However, its great potential has not been widely applied to people's eating behaviors and its impact is unknown. Professional and peer supports can improve health status (Elkjaer et al., 2010; Lorig et al., 1999; Perri, Sears, \& Clark, 1993). However, the former is usually delivered didactically or passively with limited use of smartphones. There is also little evidence of the effect of peer support delivered by smartphones in the domain of healthy eating. This research aims to study what smartphone technology can do to upgrade professional and peer supports, and to evaluate the impact of these mobile-app enabled supports on people's behavior of healthy eating and user engagement. Hypotheses According to Social Cognitive Theory, we hypothesize the following: 1. Mobile-enabled self-monitoring approach improves users' healthy eating behaviors through improved self-efficacy 2. Professional support improves users' healthy eating behaviors through improved self-efficacy 3. Peer support improves users' healthy eating behaviors through improved self-efficacy 4. The amount of support is positively correlated with the change in behaviors and their determinants Experiment Design The hypotheses will be examined bya 4-month randomized field experiment. 375 subjects will be recruited and assigned to one of the five arms to receive the corresponding tool for diet management at no cost. Arm 1: a mobile App with both professional and peer support Arm 2: a mobile App with peer support only Arm 3: a mobile App with professional support only Arm 4: a mobile App without any support Arm 5: a non-mobile web App In addition to the App usage data, five surveys are conducted at baseline and the end of each month. Respondents will be compensated by $8 and a chance to win $200 for each completed survey. Interventions 1. All subjects receive the following interventions: an education package includes the importance of healthy eating, concept of MyPlate, personalized daily food plans; reminders throughout the study; goal setting capabilities; 2. Self-monitoring provided by an Android App: a heuristic approach inspired by MyPlate to record their food consumption which allows users to record their meals by images and doesn't require estimations in cups and ounces; daily reports and trend reports 3. Self-monitoring provided by the web App: a traditional approach to record their food consumption which requires estimations in cups and ounces, and no images are allowed; no daily reports and trend reports are provided 4. Professional support provided by a registered dietitian via the Android App: the supports include the following: 1. Reply to users' messages regarding healthy eating 2. Provide meal-specific comments on subjects' meal consumptions: one meal per week 3. Provide feedback on the subjects' consumption patterns: once per week 5. Peer support provided by other subjects via the Android App: the App provides platforms for subjects who have the same interest to communicate to each other. The actions the subjects can do in the platforms include: 1. Post images or texts related to healthy eating 2. Share meals with their ratings 3. Like/dislike others' posts 4. Comment on others' posts e Create groups which allow subjects who have the same interest to join Measurements 1. Dependent Variables 1. Eating behavior: a score of healthiness of a meal will be assigned by a dietitian. The scores obtained by the same subject along the experiment compose the subject's eating behavior 2. Engaging behavior: this is measured by the number of meals recorded by the subject in a week. The numbers for the same subject along the experiment compose the subject's engaging behavior 2. Independent Variables 1. Level of peer support: this will be measured by a score representing the number of posts, likes, and comments received and given by a subject in a week 2. Level of professional support: this will be measured by a score representing the number of messages or comments exchanged with the dietitian in a week 3. Mediator Variables: self-efficacy, outcome expectation, and impediments will be measured by survey instruments Data 1. User Survey: characteristics and perceptions 2. Mobile App: time, location, and contents of goal setting, meal entries, communications with professionals and peers 3. Web App: contents of goal setting and meal entries Analysis Confirmatory factor analysis and statistical modeling such as structural equation modeling and mixed models will be conducted to test our hypotheses.
This trial addresses a serious and all-too-frequent public health problem, namely early-onset disruptive behavior problems in young children. The focus is on testing an online treatment program which empowers parents to help their children to improve their mental health and behavioral functioning. At the conclusion of the study, the investigators will know whether the online-delivered program works as well as an established staff-delivered program, with respect to child disruptive behavior problems, parenting, parent/family stress, consumer satisfaction, and value analysis.
The specific aims of the project are: 1) to test the effectiveness of consumer-directed financial incentives paired with provider-directed financial incentives, compared to provider-directed financial incentives alone, for increasing advance care planning (ACP) among Medicaid beneficiaries; and 2) to assess perceptions regarding the appropriateness of consumer-directed financial incentives for ACP among study participants. The investigators hypothesize that consumer-directed financial incentives will result in a 15-percentage point absolute increase in the proportion of subjects completing ACP. The investigators do not advance hypotheses about the qualitative component.
The objectives of this study are: 1. To determine the consumption behaviors of dairy and non-dairy milks across a diverse demographic. 2. To determine the purchasing behaviors of dairy and non-dairy milks across a diverse demographic. 3. To determine the variation in medical history and health conditions amongst consumers of dairy milk and non-dairy milk alternatives. 4. To assess the general knowledge and awareness of health associated with dairy milk and non-dairy milk alternatives.
More women with disabilities (30%) report "feelings such as sadness, unhappiness, or depression that prevent them from being active" compared to women without disabilities (8%). The contexts of the lives of WPD, which often include high rates of poverty, architectural and attitudinal barriers, and higher vulnerability to violence and abuse, contribute to this mental health disparity. To help address this disparity, the overall goals of this pilot study are to: 1)1. Develop a cognitive behavioral group therapy intervention to address the specific needs of WPD who experience depressive symptoms; and 2. Pilot-test the intervention to preliminarily evaluate its efficacy using a mixed-methods approach. The proposed and revised study outcomes were derived from our previous work with WPD as well as from feedback obtained from community meetings conducted since our last submission of this proposal. A pilot of the modified intervention with a total of 90 participants will be conducted using a using a wait list control design. The decision to use a wait list control design was made jointly with our community partners to ensure that all WPD participating in the study have access to the intervention.