7 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The objective of the DASH4D trial is to determine the effects, alone and combined, of (a) the DASH4D diet (a DASH-style diet modified for people with diabetes) vs. comparison diet that is typical of what many Americans with diabetes eat and (b) lower sodium intake vs. higher sodium intake on blood pressure (BP). The core design is a single-site, 4-period, crossover feeding study with 5-week periods. Participants are fed each of four isocaloric diets, presented in random order. The primary contrast of interest is DASH4D diet with lower sodium vs. comparison diet with higher sodium.
The purpose of this study is to examine how dietary changes affect the heart and blood vessels in patients with hypertension (high blod pressure) who have a condition called 'heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" (HFPEF). This condition is also known as "diastolic heart failure" or "heart failure with normal ejection fraction", and occurs even though the heart's pumping function is normal.
Heart failure with preserved systolic function (HF-PSF, or 'diastolic heart failure') accounts for half of hospitalizations for heart failure in patients over the age of 65. Most HF-PSF patients have systemic hypertension (HTN), and characteristic HTN-induced cardiovascular changes contribute to HF-PSF. However, it is unclear why most patients with HTN never develop HF-PSF or which specific aspects of HTN predispose to HF-PSF. In the Dahl S rat, the primary animal model of HF-PSF, high dietary sodium intake suppresses the systemic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but upregulates renal and cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by inducing oxidative stress. In humans, the magnitude of blood pressure response to sodium ingestion and depletion can categorize subjects as "salt-resistant" and "salt-sensitive." Human salt sensitivity is associated with structural and loading conditions that increase the risk for HF-PSF, including HTN, ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, arterial stiffening, and increased plasma volume. High dietary sodium intake induces oxidative stress in salt-sensitive humans. In humans with HTN and normal ventricular systolic function that do not have heart failure, increased oxidative stress predicts impaired exercise capacity, ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, arterial stiffening, and vascular endothelial dysfunction. The investigators have proposed that "salt sensitivity" and the accompanying oxidative stress on the typical high-sodium Western diet may contribute to the initiation and progression of HF-PSF. In patients with HF-PSF, the investigators will relate dietary changes to biochemical and cardiovascular functional measures. The investigators will study subjects on ad-lib diet and and following three weeks of rigorous dietary modification with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)/sodium-restricted diet (SRD). This diet is richer in natural antioxidants and lower in sodium than the usual American diet. The DASH/SRD is recommended to lower blood pressure in patients with HTN, and is particularly effective in elderly, obese, and salt-sensitive hypertensives. Dietary sodium restriction is recommended for all HF patients including those with HF-PSF. The investigators hypothesize that the DASH/SRD will have favorable effects on oxidative stress, ventricular and vascular function, and blood pressure control in patients with hypertensive HF-PSF.
This is an ancillary study to KIDFIT (NCT03405246). KIDFIT tests whether preschool-age children, born to overweight or obese mothers, respond to a healthy DASH diet intervention with better cardiovascular health. This ancillary study to KIDFIT investigates how the children's gut microbiomes (bacteria in the intestines) and blood metabolomes (small molecules in the blood) are affected by the DASH diet intervention, and how the microbiome and metabolome relate to the children's cardiovascular health over time. The investigators hypothesize that (1) the DASH diet will modify the gut microbiome and blood metabolome, (2) the gut microbiome and blood metabolome will be related to each other, and (3) the microbiome and metabolome will be associated with the children's cardiovascular health profiles (things like weight, body fat, blood pressure, and cholesterol).
The proposed project explores the acceptability and health benefits of ready-to-eat (RTE) meals based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan. The researchers have developed 14 recipes following the DASH eating plan, which is recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prepackaged meals will be processed using Washington State University (WSU) microwave technologies to ensure food safety. In this pilot study, a sample of 30 participants will be recruited by to study the impact of the DASH meals on blood pressure. All meals will be provided to participants, who will consume the meals daily over a period of 4 weeks. Daily and weekly monitoring of participants (blood pressure and weight) will allow us to gain a scientific understanding on the preventive power of healthy diets in lowering blood pressure and reducing CVD risk.
This research will test whether a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or a very low-carbohydrate diet better improves outcomes like blood glucose control and body weight for adults with polycystic ovary syndrome. Participants will have screening (includes blood draw) and baseline testing with a continuous glucose monitor and a body composition scan (called a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry or DEXA). Once these enrollment steps are completed and the participants will be randomized to one of two 12-month programs.
The objective of the study is to examine the effect of nutritional intake on cardiometabolic, inflammation, and physical function markers in advanced heart failure patients using a one-group pre-post test design feeding trial. Effects on hemodynamic markers will be assessed in a subsample of patients with implanted hemodynamic monitoring devices (CardioMEMS). The pre-test condition is represented by participants' self-selected diet, and the post-test condition is represented by a prescribed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.