135 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This is a survey study to gauge the interest of young athletes ages 12-19 in plant-based protein products. The teen competitive athlete is a core target for the Gatorade brand and, as such, understanding their preferences and what drives their choices is vital for the brand's continued growth.
This study will determine the effect of dietary protein not absorbed in the small intestine on the bacteria in the large intestine and the metabolites those bacteria produce when they break down the protein. The three specific goals are: 1. Determine if increasing dietary protein increases the purine breakdown product, allantoin, as observed in our previous study. 2. Establish a model to examine the effect of dietary protein on the gut microbiota and metabolites. 3. Identify gut bacteria and metabolite changes that occur with increased consumption of animal (whey) or plant (pea) protein sources.
Severe skeletal wasting and catabolic weight loss are highly common among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This prospective randomized controlled trial will compare changes in the muscle mass in the arms and the legs (appendicular lean mass) in patients with HFrEF randomized between 3 groups of no, low- or high-dose protein supplementation. The dietary protein supplementation will be Ensure(R) products manufactured by Abbott Nutrition. The Investigators hypothesize that skeletal muscle wasting in HFrEF is promoted by neurohumoral activation of catabolic metabolism (such as GDF-15 and ActRII pathways) and can be at least partially reversed by increased dietary protein intake. It is anticipated that this study will determine whether dietary protein supplementation helps to prevent muscle wasting and will advance understanding of the GDF-15 and ActRII muscle wasting pathways.
It is known that tumors have an affinity for taking up amino acids from circulation or nearby tissues to use as a fuel source, to enhance their growth. Work in rodents has shown that when the levels of amino acids are reduced in diet, tumor growth is slowed and tumors are more susceptible to anti-cancer therapies. There are limited evidence-based dietary recommendations for cancer patients, which represents an urgent and unmet need. It is likely that reducing dietary protein will be beneficial, however this has not been tested. In advance of carrying out a study in cancer patients a study in healthy volunteers needs to be conducted to determine whether altering the amount of dietary protein, impacts the levels of amino acids (or other metabolites) in blood or the intestine. By demonstrating that altering dietary protein can alter the metabolome of healthy individuals, it will provide the information needed to reduce protein intake in cancer patients in future studies.
The study sought to examine the effectiveness of nutrition education with and without diet coaching on dietary protein intake and muscle mass, strength and function among a group of middle-aged women.
A pilot, single-arm investigation used coaching, nutrition education, and a per-meal protein prescription to assess impact on protein intake, muscle strength and function in older adults.
It is possible that the lower protein intake in vegetarians and vegans may relate to a decrease in grip strength. Furthermore, there is limited research examining the effects of plant-based protein intake on strength and LBM independent of an exercise training component. The present study was designed to examine relationships between strength, protein intake, and LBM in underactive vegetarian and vegan adults, as well as the impact of protein supplementation (18 g mung bean protein daily) on these indices.
High protein low carbohydrate diets have become popular in recent years to help facilitate weight loss. It is controversial if these diets are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The investigators propose to administer high and low protein shakes to participants and measure effects on circulating monocytes, immune cells critical to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In order to study circulating monocytes, blood will be collected from the study participants just prior to drinking the shake, and then 1 and 4 hours after drinking the shake. In order to assess functional effects on monocytes, investigators will perform a series of assays comparing the results between individuals who drank high protein vs low protein shakes.
The primary purpose of this study is to assess dietary protein requirements in clinically stable maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. It is hypothesized that the average dietary protein intake (DPI) that will maintain nitrogen balance is 1.00 g protein/kg/day, but that a safe intake that maintains balance in almost all MHD patients is about 1.25g protein/kg/day.
The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of macronutrient intake (PRO, 15% vs. 35%) and meal frequency (3 vs. 6 meals/day) on body composition, postprandial thermogenesis and plasma adipokines before and after 28days each of EB (28days) and ED (25%; 28days) in overweight individuals. We hypothesize that HP will elicit more favorable body composition, thermogenic, and cardiometabolic changes than HC intakes and the magnitude of change will be greatest in those consuming HP meals more frequently.
The purpose of this study is to determine if toddlers and children who were fed breast milk or infant formulas at different levels of protein between 3 and 12 months of age have differences in growth and body composition at 3 and 5 years of age.
There is growing epidemiological evidence that consumption of red meat is associated with greater incidence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) than either white meat or non-meat foods. Research from our group has shown that a high saturated fat (SF) diet with a moderate red meat content selectively increases intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) and larger low density lipoproteins (LDLs), which are more weakly associated with CVD risk than smaller LDLs. In contrast, the investigators have found that with a similar intake of SF, high beef consumption results in a preferential increase in small and medium LDL particles that are strongly related to CVD. To date, no studies have directly compared the lipoprotein effects of red meat with that of other food sources of protein in the context of both high and low saturated fat intake. The overall objective of this project is to test the hypothesis that the effects of SF on lipoprotein markers of CVD risk are influenced by sources of dietary protein. The investigators hypothesize that adverse effects of SF on plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol (C), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and atherogenic LDL particles are greater in a diet with a high content of red meat than in diets in which the major proteins are from white meat (poultry) or non-meat sources. The investigators propose a clinical trial in which 180 healthy men and women will be randomized to high SF or low SF diet groups, and within each group, consume diets with equivalent amounts of protein from red meat, white meat, and non-meat sources for 4 wks each in random order. Specifically, the investigators will test whether: (1) With high SF, the red meat diet, compared to the other protein sources, will result in higher levels of LDL-C, apoB, small and medium LDL, and total/high density lipoprotein (HDL)C; (2) With low SF, dietary protein source will not be related to any of these measurements; (3) With both the white meat and non-meat protein diets, increased LDL-C with high vs. low SF will be due primarily to increases in large LDL, whereas with red meat the additional increase in small and medium LDL will result in greater increases in plasma apoB and total LDL particle number. Aim 4 will test hypotheses that increases in small and medium LDL with high SF plus red meat are related to increased activity of hepatic lipase, a key determinant of small LDL production, and that increases in large LDL induced by high SF are related to suppression of LDL receptors. The investigators will also assess the effects of protein source and saturated fat content on markers of insulin resistance, inflammation and endothelial function.
Military personnel face many physiological challenges, including sustained physical activity and prolonged periods of negative energy balance. Chronic energy deficiency often results in a loss of skeletal muscle mass and can reduce overall bone health. Recent evidence suggests that dietary interventions that provide protein in excess of the current national dietary recommendation may confer protection against the negative effects of energy deficiency on the musculoskeletal system. The primary objective of this randomized, controlled study is to assess the effects dietary protein intake spanning the current acceptable macronutrient distribution range on musculoskeletal health following prolonged energy deficiency. Findings from this investigation will improve current understanding of dietary conditions necessary to reduce the damaging effects of caloric deficiency on musculoskeletal health in warfighters. Furthermore, given the rise in obesity in military populations, findings may aid in the development of nutritional weight management strategies that promote healthy weight loss without compromising musculoskeletal health.
In this randomized study The investigators aim to compare the growth of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants fed either a high protein or a standard protein preterm infant formula. Babies will be fed the assigned formula between the time they achieve full enteral feeds and hospital discharge, for a minimum of 3 weeks. The weight gain (g/d) will be measured and compared between groups. Feeding tolerance, protein-energy status and body composition between the study groups will also be analysed. After discharge, babies will be fed a post-discharge preterm infant formula (PDF) between hospital discharge and 3 m corrected age.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate dietary protein requirements in elderly women aged 80 years and older using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique. Hypothesis to be tested: Protein requirement for elderly women is higher than the estimated average requirement of 0.66 g∙kg-1∙d-1 protein. The recommended protein intake for elderly women is higher than the recommended dietary allowance of 0.80 g∙kg-1∙d-1 protein.
the purpose of this study is to identify how the body responds to increased dietary protein (that includes pork and eggs) and meal-frequency in adult men. During this study, the changes in blood glucose, hormones, appetite, and energy expenditure will be examined.
The primary aims of this study are to assess the effects of habitual dietary protein intakes across the acceptable macronutrient distribution range with lean beef/pork or soy/legumes as the predominate sources of protein on indices of daily appetite and mood, and on postprandial appetite, mood, energy expenditure, and glycemic responses during energy-restricted weight loss in overweight adults.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of age on the estimated average requirement and adequate allowance for dietary protein.
Phosphorus is a substance in the blood that comes from food and is normally cleared from the body by the kidneys. In patients with kidney disease, excess phosphorus may build up in the body as you eat. This leads to problems with bones and blood vessels over time. In this study, we will compare the blood and urine before and after eating one week of a diet with a protein from plants (soy and grains) and before and after another one week of diet with protein from animals (meat and dairy products). The amount of phosphorus that the kidney puts out in the urine, and the changes in blood hormones in response to the diet will be measured at the beginning and end of each week on the two diets.
The purpose of this study is to examine whether adding the basic salt potassium bicarbonate to the diet will have a positive effect on how dietary protein affects your bone and muscle.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether infants fed a formula with protein levels different than a standard infant formula have similar growth and development.
The overall objective of the Dietary Protein and Insulin Sensitivity Study is to test the hypothesis that increased protein in a diet with reduced carbohydrate (35% energy) can ameliorate insulin resistance in the absence of weight loss, and that this effect is independent of saturated fat content. Moreover, we will test whether such diets result in beneficial changes in total LDL cholesterol, small, dense LDL, and HDL cholesterol that are also independent of saturated fat intake.
The purpose of this study is to learn how the amount of protein during moderate weight loss influences bone health. We will also examine how two levels of protein intake affects diet quality.
Osteoporosis is a major health concern worldwide. While there are drugs available for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, they are not practical for population-wide prevention efforts. Demonstrating the effectiveness of safe and widely available dietary interventions to prevent osteoporosis could have important public health ramifications. Different food sources of dietary protein may have different effects on bone metabolism. Animal foods provide a dietary acid load that may lead to negative calcium balance and increased bone resorption. In contrast, vegetable sources of protein, while providing some acid due to their protein content, provide proportionally more base that counters the dietary acid load. The effect of dairy products, which are rich in animal protein but also contain potential base precursors not found in vegetable foods, has not been established. Finally, soy protein sources may have a dual benefit: soy foods provide base precursors as well as plant estrogens that may have a beneficial effect on bone. We are resubmitting this proposal to randomize postmenopausal women to one of four diets equal in calories, protein, calcium, and sodium. The diets will differ by having 80 percent of the protein from one of four sources: non-dairy animal, vegetable, dairy, or soy foods, resulting in significant differences among the diets in acid, base, and isoflavone content. All food will be prepared and provided by the General Clinical Research Center. The subjects will consume the diets for 6 weeks with measurements of acid-base status, isoflavone excretion, and calcium metabolism. This will be the first intervention study to examine the effect of different sources of dietary protein in whole foods on calcium metabolism. Eventually our findings could have substantial public health implications and provide a widely available and low risk means to help prevent osteoporosis.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of dietary protein supplements on high blood pressure (BP).
The primary objective is to determine whether meat interacts positively with calcium to improve calcium retention. The secondary objective is to determine whether any interaction between dietary protein and calcium affects biomarkers of bone metabolism.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of beef consumption on cognitive and brain health in healthy young adults. Specifically, we seek to evaluate the effects of beef consumption on measures of executive function, memory, psychological well-being, and sleep quality. Additionally, we will explore the effects of increased beef consumption on measures of brain health derived from structural and functional brain imaging. All participants will take part in a 12-week dietary intervention study. Throughout the intervention, participants will receive 5 portions of ready-to-eat beef in frozen packages each week. Each serving of ready-to-eat beef for the experimental group will weigh 5-ounces, while each serving of ready-to-eat beef for the comparison group will weigh 1-ounce. Study compliance will be evaluated through weekly surveys about beef consumption. In addition to completing the dietary intervention, participants will complete pre- and post-intervention assessments: * MRI scan, including structural and functional brain imaging * a comprehensive questionnaire battery evaluating cognitive and psychological measures * neuropsychological tasks * a blood draw
Physical inactivity results in reductions in glucose tolerance and less sensitivity to insulin. If this inactivity lasts long enough it can result in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A high protein diet can reduce elevated glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Thus the investigators are interested in establishing if during a period of inactivity if a diet modification can minimize the glucose changes normally observed with inactivity. The objective of this project is to determine if short-term high protein (HP) feeding protects against the changes in glucose levels normally observed with physical inactivity. The investigators will also examine measures of blood vessel function, blood lipid and blood pressure. Twelve subjects will complete two 10 day study periods of reduced physical activity and will be studied before and after each of these study periods. For their testing subjects will have the following measurements: postprandial glucose responses to a mixed meal, 24 h free living blood pressure control during acute physical inactivity, blood lipids, changes in body composition, changes in circadian rhythm using skin temperature (ibutton), measurement of aerobic capacity (VO2 max), blood vessel responsiveness (flow mediated dilation -FMD) and changes in free living glucose levels (continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Subjects will complete two conditions (high protein -HP vs normal protein - NP diets) in a randomized cross-over design. In the inactive phase subjects will reduce there steps to \<5,000 steps/d while consuming either a HP or NP diet. Completion of the study will take 8-10 weeks.
This multicenter trial is being conducted to determine if sequential lactulose and Tele (virtual) Tai-Chi reduces the rate of injurious fall, non-injurious falls, incident overt Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), and death or liver transplant over 24 weeks. Participants that are enrolled will be randomized to stage one of this project for approximately 12 weeks. After completing stage one, participants will be re-randomized to stage 2 of the project that will last approximately 12 more weeks. The study hypothesizes that sequential lactulose/TeleTai-Chi will reduce falls, incident overt HE, death and physical frailty and will improve cognitive function, and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) over 24 weeks compared to other treatment combinations.
The purpose of this study is to examine the separate and combined effects of a high-protein (HP) diet and resistance training (RT) on body composition and potential biological moderators of body weight in women and men \>50y. All participants will receive dietary physical activity guidance through our group-based weight loss program, State of Slim (SOS). The SOS program will be delivered via the Zoom videoconferencing platform. These participants will be randomized to receive either a counseling-based HP diet plan or RT plan. Body composition assessments at 8 wk will identify responders and non-responders; the latter will be re-randomized to "augment" (HP: add protein supplements; RT: supervise RT) or "combine" (HP with protein supplements + supervised RT).