5 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This study aims to reduce pain during interventional radiology (IR) procedures, making the experience better for patients. Typically, doctors use medications like fentanyl and midazolam for sedation. This research will focus on patients undergoing biopsies and drainage procedures, often associated with significant discomfort. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive either fentanyl/midazolam or ketamine/midazolam combinations for sedation. A coordinator will collect information on pain levels and satisfaction, as well as monitor any extra medications needed and side effects. The investigators hope to find that ketamine helps decrease pain and improves satisfaction compared to fentanyl, without increasing complications.
The purpose of the current study is to assess the role of pyloric drainage procedure on altering the reflux effect on the quality of life in patients who underwent esophagectomy. Researchers hypothesize that the patients who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomies without pyloric drainage experience less reflux symptoms and therefore have a better quality of life.
The goal of this pragmatic, registry-based, randomized clinical trial is to find out if using botulinum toxin (Botox) to help drain the stomach during an esophagectomy works as well as a pyloromyotomy in patients undergoing elective esophagectomy for benign or malignant esophageal disease. Both methods are intended to prevent problems with food emptying too slowly from the stomach (delayed gastric emptying), which can cause discomfort after surgery. The main question it aims to answer is: Is intrapyloric Botox injection as a drainage procedure during esophagectomy non-inferior in preventing symptoms of delayed gastric emptying at 6 months postoperatively compared to pyloromyotomy? Researchers will compare intrapyloric Botox injection to pyloromyotomy to see if Botox is non-inferior to pyloromyotomy in easing symptoms of delayed gastric emptying. Participants will: Be randomized to one of two treatment groups-either intrapyloric Botox injection or pyloromyotomy-during their esophagectomy. Complete surveys assessing digestive symptoms at standard postoperative follow-up intervals (3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively). Undergo a standard gastric emptying study at 6 months after surgery.
The objective of this project is to compare the sedative effects of intranasal midazolam versus inhaled nitrous oxide (N2O) for minor procedures in the pediatric emergency department. The primary outcome will be length of stay (LOS) in the emergency department (ED) stay for minor procedures. Secondarily the investigators will compare patient/family and provider satisfaction while using either intranasal midazolam or N2O for minimal sedation. The investigators hypothesize that the total length of stay for children undergoing minor procedures in the ED will be lower for N2O, as compared to intranasal midazolam. The investigators also hypothesize that patient/family and provider satisfaction will be higher with N2O and adverse effects will not differ between N2O and intranasal midazolam. Patients will receive either intranasal midazolam or N2O for minor procedures. Following the enrollment period, data will be analyzed and the two will be compared. Total length of stay, patient/family and provider satisfaction will be studied.
The purpose of the study is to find the dose of rapidly administered ketamine in 3 different pediatric age groups (2-5, 6-11 and 12-17) for abscess drainage and fracture reduction. Ketamine is the most common drug administered to children to facilitate painful procedures in the emergency setting because it achieves potent sedation, pain relief and amnesia with minimal adverse cardiopulmonary effects.(1-5) However, the 1-2 hour recovery period (1,6) associated with standard ketamine administration guidelines(7) strains work flow because it requires bedside one-on-one nurse monitoring in a treatment room, tying up these limited and valuable resources. Consequently, a combination of two other drugs, propofol + fentanyl (P/F), with recovery of 20-30 minutes, is rapidly gaining popularity for procedural sedation despite more frequent respiratory depression, apnea and hypotension caused by this technique.(2,4,8,9) The investigators believe recovery associated with our novel method for administering ketamine is significantly shorter than with the standard larger dose more slowly administered ketamine technique(7). Through the investigators clinical experience, the investigators have found rapid infusion of smaller than standard doses of ketamine safely achieves the drug's sedative effect, with the benefit of more rapid recovery due to the use of a smaller dose. However, this novel technique challenges published beliefs that time of recovery from ketamine sedation does not differ significantly with the dose administered, within the usual dose ranges, and that rapid infusion may cause respiratory depression, similar to that seen with other classes of sedative-analgesic drugs.(7,10) the investigators believe the slow infusion recommended by standard guidelines(7) requires a larger ketamine dose necessary to achieve effective sedation, and, consequently, prolongs recovery. It is the prolonged recovery that has prompted increased use of other less safe but briefer sedatives, such as propofol/fentanyl. By demonstrating patients recover rapidly with new ketamine technique, without increased adverse cardiopulmonary effects, the investigators will provide clinicians with an important new method for ketamine procedural sedation. The investigators believe clinicians will prefer more rapid recovery ketamine technique because it is safer and reduces pain and distress better than the propofol/fentanyl combination for sedation. The investigators complete proposal requires two steps. In Step One, this proposal, the investigators will determine the minimum effective dose of rapidly infused ketamine that achieves deep sedation for at least 5 minutes in 95% of children (ED95). Two groups of patients will be studied: one group is patients undergoing abscess incision and drainage and the other group is patients undergoing fracture reduction in our Emergency Department. The investigators believe that the ED95 is different for both the groups as the severity of pain is different. The investigators will compare the safety and recovery times to published standard ketamine techniques. In the following study, Step Two, the investigators will compare this novel technique, in a blinded randomized trial using the ED95 ketamine dose determined in Step One to the standard ketamine technique to determine if the novel technique results in significantly shorter recovery without an increase in the frequency of adverse effects. The study the investigators are proposing in this submission is Step One only.