13 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
A program of motivational interviewing plus enhanced community services in prevention of early childhood caries vs. enhanced community services alone for American Indian mothers and their children will reduce the childrens' decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces measure over a 3-year period.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three forms of continuing medical education (CME) on provision of preventive dental services to Medicaid-enrolled children by medical personnel in primary care physician offices.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a bundled best practices oral health intervention utilizing motivational interviewing versus a didactic maternal and child healthy lifestyle intervention will reduce childrens' decayed, missing and/or filled primary tooth surfaces (dmfs) measured over a 2-3 year period.
This study aims to assess the impact of a brief home-visiting module, called "Family Spirit Nurture" (FSN), on American Indian (AI) parent feeding practices associated with increased risk for early childhood obesity, with a primary focus on delaying introduction of infants' Sugar Sweetened Beverage (SSB) (including soda, energy drinks, juice with added sugar and other drinks with added sugar) intake while teaching mothers complementary feeding and responsive parenting practices. The investigators will also assess how water insecurity may moderate parents' feeding of SSBs to young children. Finally, the investigators will explore whether maternal knowledge of oral health practices and/or reduction of infants' SSB intake influences early indicators of infant's oral health (i.e., infants' oral microbiome and plaque formation). Our evaluation will employ a randomized controlled design, in which the control condition receives a beneficial home-safety educational model and assistance in safety proofing their homes for small children. Assessments in both groups will occur at baseline (between 6 and 10 weeks postpartum) and 4 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months postpartum. Primary Aims: Aim 1: To determine the effectiveness of the brief (6 lessons) FSN home-visiting parent feeding practice module on reducing SSB initiation and frequency among infants between 3 and 12 months of age. Hypothesis 1: Infants whose mothers receive FSN vs. controls will be less likely to introduce SSBs between 3 and 12 months of age. Aim 2: To determine the effectiveness of FSN to promote optimal complementary feeding and responsive parenting practices. Hypothesis 2: Mothers who receive FSN vs. controls will be more likely to practice recommended complementary feeding and responsive parenting practices between 3 and 12 months of age. Aim 3: To determine the impact of water insecurity on SSB consumption among infants between 3 and 6 months of age. Hypothesis 2: Parents who report water insecurity vs. those who do not will be more likely to give infants SSBs between 3 and 6 months of age. Secondary Aims: Secondary Aim 1: To explore if provision of water to families reduces SSB intake among mothers and infants ages 6 to 9 months of age. Secondary Aim 2: To explore if infants in the FSN intervention have better oral health outcomes than control infants up to 12 months postpartum.
The goal of this project is to conduct a community-based randomized clinical trial to compare the caries prevention efficacy of fluoride varnish applied every six months vs. fluoride varnish applied every six months and fluoride releasing glass ionomer sealants applied annually to the eligible occlusal surfaces of primary molars in 3-6-year-old children.
The Detroit Dental Health Project (DDHP)aims to promote oral health and reduce disparities within the community of low-income African-American children (0-5 years) and their main caregivers (14+ years), living in the City of Detroit. The driving theme of the Project is to identify determinants and design interventions to answer the following question: why do some low-income African-American children and their main caregivers have better oral health than others who live in the same community? The Project has 3 support cores, 4 research core projects and 1 pilot study. The Project has selected a multistage random sample of African-American families living in the poorest 39 Census Tracts in the City of Detroit. A total of 1,022 families were recruited and interviewed at a community center in Detroit during the year 2 (2002). We have collected data about the social characteristics of parents, families, and neighborhoods that are associated with disparities in oral health; lead levels in saliva and blood of the caregivers; and dietary intake. All these families will be recalled in the year 4 (2004) and year 6 (2006) for longitudinal data collection. We are currently developing a tailored multi-media educational intervention (Project #3), based on data collected in the first phase (2002). The educational intervention will be administered using a randomized controlled design in year 4 (2004). Additionally, the Project is evaluating the impact on access to dental care of a state-funded experiment on utilization where Medicaid children are managed like privately insured patients (Project #4).
This purpose of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of a risk-based dental caries prevention program conducted by dental personnel at an urban pediatric primary care clinic serving largely low-income residents of Baltimore, Maryland, and to appraise this program as a model for similar urban pediatric settings.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether dental disease patterns and transmissable bacteria that are known to cause a severe form of dental decay in young children can be reduced or eliminated by treating mothers and their young infants early on with Chlorhexidine and fluoride varnish applications, respectively as part of a comprehensive Prevention Management Model.
Tooth decay is a preventable disease occurring at high rates among American Indian (AI) populations. The use of entertaining educational materials and cultural adaptation have shown success in improving health behaviors. This trial will test changes in AI parents' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to their child(ren)'s oral health after utilizing a culturally adapted children's book/eBook, versus a standard oral health pamphlet developed by the NIH. I hypothesize that the parents in the intervention (book) group will exhibit greater improvement of these measures.
The aim of this study is to determine whether an annual application of three (3) fluoride varnish doses over two weeks is at least as effective in reducing cavities as the current semi-annual application.
The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of fluoride varnish (FV) applied once or twice a year with counseling to counseling alone in preventing early childhood caries (ECC) (tooth decay in children under the age of five).
The study's aim was to investigate if a motivational interviewing intervention (MI) improved oral self-care behaviors of AIAN caregivers of infants and determine if the MI intervention promoted positive changes in caregivers' ECC risk-related behaviors.
This is a randomized clinical trial to test the efficacy of a parent-targeted text message-based intervention program on caries incidence and oral health behaviors (child and parent). Parents (n= 850) across all pediatric clinic sites (Boston Medical Center and Community Health Centers (CHCs); DotHouse CHC, South End Community Health Center, and Codman Square CHC) will be randomized to receive either text messages (TMs) regarding oral health or TMs regarding child wellness. The study will enroll English and Spanish speaking parents and their youngest child who is \< 7 years old, has at least one tooth showing, and attends the targeted pediatric clinic to receive primary care (n= 1700). Parents will complete self-report surveys at baseline, and 2, 4, 12, and 24-months after baseline; receive and respond to TM assessments during the 4-month intervention; and will also receive TMs during a 'booster' period of one month, which will occur 12-months post baseline. Parent's children will be assessed for caries by a clinical oral examination performed by licensed Clinical Examiners at baseline, 12-and-24-months post-baseline.