4 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Previous investigations have focused on challenges that surgeons face once they have entered into practice. We have yet to explore difficulties in the training environment, and whether these have an effect on professional development. In this study, we investigate how certain environmental factors can affect skill acquisition for the resident surgeon. Our trial tests whether psychosocial constructs affect task-performance. This study is a multi-center endeavor with the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, the University of Washington, and UPMC. Over an 12 month period, residents will be asked to complete surveys and a laparoscopic skills assessment, which will be administered after residents are randomized to an intervention or control arm. The intervention arm will be asked to read an article that is meant to trigger psychosocial constructs that we hypothesize will affect skill performance. The control arm will receive a neutral article prior to completing the laparoscopic skills assessment.
One in three children under the age of five in Tanzania experience stunting, which is defined as impairments in growth and development that often occur after poor nutrition, poor health, and low psychosocial stimulation. Research suggests that mental health problems of parents may be related to stunting outcomes and parental mental health is closely related to experiences of intimate partner violence, also called gender-based violence. However, very little research exists on the connection between these elements, and interventions may be necessary in order to reduce the impacts that mental health and gender-based violence may have on stunting. This study is a secondary data analysis of de-identified survey and stunting data that were conducted as a part of a needs assessment by a local nonprofit organization in Tanzania. The needs assessment was conducted to inform a mental health initiative organized by the established nonprofit across 5 villages in rural Tanzania. This project's primary aims are: * To determine the prevalence of mental health and family relationship problems in five villages * To determine associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) mental health and substance use and childhood stunting
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of an LGBTQ-affirmative individual cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) and LGBTQ-affirmative family therapy (attachment-based family therapy for sexual and gender minority young adults; ABFT-SGM) delivered via telehealth to a sample of sexual and gender minority adults with nonaccepting parent(s) in New York, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and Israel. The investigators will assess whether both treatments are associated with significant decreases in depressive and anxiety symptoms. The investigators will also assess whether and how each treatment achieves reductions in mental health symptoms through specific mechanisms (e.g., rejection sensitivity, internalized stigma, emotion dysregulation, parental rejection and acceptance).
The study combined a youth-friendly economic empowerment program (Rabbits for Resilience (RFR) with a gender equality couple curriculum program (HIKA) to advance knowledge on the combined and synergistic impact of structural interventions and pathways with families for improved adolescent mental health in resource-poor communities. The investigators' multidisciplinary team will conduct a randomized controlled trial with three arms (RFR only, HIKA only, RFR + HIKA) with young adolescents ages 10-14 years and the adolescents' mothers and fathers living in 1080 rural households in 30 villages in two rural conflict-affected territories of South Kivu province of Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)