92 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
When muscles are not contracting, the local energy demand by muscle and use of specific fuels used to produce energy by oxidative metabolism are minimal. The time people spend sitting inactive (sedentary time) typically comprises more than half of the day. This sedentary behavior is associated with elevated risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, and multiple conditions leading to poor aging. From a progressive series of experiments, the driving goal is to develop a physiological method for sustaining contractile activity via oxidative metabolism over more time than is possible by traditional exercise (hours, not minutes per day). Developing a physiological method suitable of prolonged muscular activity for ordinary people (who are often unfit) requires gaining fundamental insights about muscle biology and biomechanics. This also entails a careful appreciation of the ability to isolate specific muscles in the leg during controlled movements, such as the soleus muscle during isolated plantarflexion. This includes quantifying specific biological processes that are directly responsive to elevated skeletal muscle recruitment. The investigators will focus on movement that is safe and practical for ordinary people to do given their high amount of daily sitting time. This includes developing methods to optimally raise muscle contractile activity, in a way that is not limited by fatigue, and is feasible throughout as many minutes of the day as possible safely. This also requires development of methodologies to quantify specific muscular activity, rather than generalized body movement. There is a need to learn how much people can increase muscle metabolism by physical activity that is perceived to them as being light effort. It is important to learn if this impacts systemic metabolic processes under experimental conditions over a short term time span in order to avoid confounding influences of changes in body weight or other factors.
With REMD's glucagon receptor antagonist, the study team propose to provide a comprehensive examination of the effect of elevated plasma glucagon concentrations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) patients on: (i) glucose tolerance; (ii) insulin sensitivity in liver, muscle, and adipocytes; (iii) beta cell function; (iv) adipocyte inflammation.
This study is being done to see if the blood pressure and metabolic effects of an approved drug nebivolol is comparable to that of another approved drug hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and placebo in hypertensive patients.
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children is increasing, paralleling the rising incidence of obesity. Preventing children and adolescents from developing T2D is critical. The health benefits of lifestyle modifications are well documented in this population, but success rates are low. Obesity in children and adolescents increases the risk of not only T2D but other complications as well, such as hypertension, dyslipidemias and more. The investigators hypothesize that having real-time glucose data with the use of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance will improve adherence to lifestyle modifications. As a result, a decrease in body mass index (BMI) is expected with subsequent improvement in insulin sensitivity, thus reducing risk of obesity-related complications later in childhood/adolescence and adulthood.
This study proposes to examine the relationship between the development of impaired glucose tolerance, the phenotype of CFLD, and risk of liver fibrosis.
This is a pilot study to compare cognitive performance in two groups of subjects with multiple sclerosis; those with normal glucose tolerance and those with impaired glucose tolerance. The study consists of a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance test, patient reported outcomes, a series of cognitive functioning tests, and outpatient physical assessment using a pedometer.
This is a study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of azeliragon in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and impaired glucose tolerance. Patients will receive either azeliragon or placebo with a patient's participation lasting approximately 9 months (in Part 1) or 21 months (in Part 2).
HYPOTHESIS: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) have distinct pathophysiologic etiologies. Therefore, therapeutic interventions designed to correct the specific underlying pathogenic abnormalities in IGT and IFG will be required to optimally prevent the progressive beta cell failure and development of overt type 2 diabetes.
The objective is to identify the lowest effective dose of Grape Seed Extract (GSE) on glucose control in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
The purpose of this research study is to implement and evaluate a lifestyle program designed to help women who have high glucose levels during pregnancy make healthful diet and physical activity changes to lose weight. Eligible women will be randomly assigned to life-style intervention or usual medical care.
The purpose of this study is to determine a safe,tolerable and efficacious dose of GLU-xx.
Resveratrol is a substance found in many plants, including grapes and red wine, which is widely used as a nutritional supplement. Studies in cells and lower animals show that resveratrol has many potential benefits, including prolonging lifespan, preventing cancer and heart disease and normalization of glucose metabolism. Although use of this agent shows great promise in the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes, there have been no studies reported to date in humans. As an initial step, this proposal is for a 6 week pilot study of resveratrol treatment in older adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in order to explore its effects on post-meal blood glucose metabolism. Preliminary studies will also be conducted to explore how resveratrol works by studying cellular function (in muscle samples obtained from study participants) and by testing resveratrol's effect on blood vessel function.
Preliminary research suggests that LIM-0705 improves insulin sensitivity with neutral effects on weight in obese and diabetic rodent models. Results from a Phase 1b clinical study, conducted in healthy volunteers, indicate that LIM-0705 and a major metabolite may be potential insulin sensitizers by OGTT.
The purpose of this study is to determine if, in a subset of patients treated with a beta-blocker and diuretic, prediabetes is detectable to a greater extent through a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) compared to fasting glucose measurement.
This was a 10-week, placebo-controlled, randomized study to investigate the effect of injectable IL-1B antagonist, Canakinumab , in participants with impaired glucose tolerance or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) already treated on different background diabetes therapies.
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of AR9281, a novel s-EH enzyme inhibitor, in improving glucose metabolism and blood pressure in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and mild to moderate hypertension.
Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance will be randomized to either rosiglitazone or placebo for a 18 month period. The study will look at baseline, 12 month and 18 month data for exercise tolerance, coronary artery calcification and diabetes indicators.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether treatment of children and adolescents with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) with rosiglitazone will lead to improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
We hypothesize use of the insulin pump will improve body weight, lean body mass, whole body protein turnover, hepatic glucose production (HGP), and blood sugar control in CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance or patients with CF related diabetes (CFRD). We further hypothesize that HGP is also elevated in children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes and that the insulin pump will result in decreased HGP.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of vildagliptin, an unapproved drug, compared to placebo in lowering post-meal blood glucose levels in people with pre-diabetes who have high blood sugar levels after meals.
Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance will be randomized to receive pioglitazone or metformin for 10 weeks. Measurements of insulin sensitivity, body composition, glucose tolerance, and muscle lipid accumulation will be performed. Adipose tissue and muscle biopsies are performed. The goal of the study is to determine whether the lipotoxiciy of impaired glucose tolerance is ameliorated by pioglitazone.
This study is for women who have already decided to undergo liposuction at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, D.C. To take part in this study, a woman must first meet with the plastic surgeons there, and be accepted by them to have liposuction. This study will investigate whether large volume liposuction improves risk factors for heart disease in overweight women with type 2 (adult onset) diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, or elevated blood insulin levels. Large volume liposuction is the surgical removal of at least 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of body fat, usually from the abdomen, hips or chest. Risk factors for heart disease include high blood pressure and elevated levels of blood lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides), blood glucose (sugar), and blood insulin. Subjects who participate in all parts of this study will receive a total of $930.00. Overweight women 18 years or older with high blood insulin levels, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2 diabetes, who are planning to have large volume liposuction performed at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, D.C., may be eligible for this study. For a subject to be accepted into this study, she must first meet with the plastic surgeons at Georgetown University Medical Center, and they have to agree to perform large volume liposuction. The decision that someone is suitable for liposuction is not under the control of the NIH or of any NIH investigator. Those enrolled will undergo the following procedures at four separate times - before undergoing liposuction, 4 weeks after surgery, 4 months after surgery and 1 year after surgery: * Body measurements - taken with calipers to measure several skinfold thicknesses (the width of a fat fold) and with a tape measure to measure the circumference of parts of the body. * Urine sample and 6-hour urine collection - to test for pregnancy and to evaluate kidney function. * Glucose tolerance test - measures insulin sensitivity and how the body uses sugar, how well insulin works, and insulin sensitivity. The procedure involves placement of two catheters (thin, flexible tubes) through a needle into a vein in each arm. Sugar water is infused into one catheter and 20 minutes into the test a small amount of insulin is injected. Blood samples are drawn from the other catheter at frequent intervals for a total of 5 hours. * Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography - measure the heart's electrical activity and function. * Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan - produces images for measuring body fat in the abdomen. (not done at the 4-week visit). Takes about half an hour to complete. * DXA X-ray - measures body fat, muscle and bone mineral content. Takes about half an hour to complete. * Bod Pod - capsule-like device used to determine the proportion of body weight composed of fat and non-fat tissue. Takes less than 10 minutes * Bioelectric impedance analysis device - measures the proportions of body fat based on electrical conduction of a small electric current. Takes 2-3 minutes. * 24-hour blood pressure monitoring - a device attached to a blood pressure cuff strapped to the arm measures blood pressure every 15 to 30 minutes continuously for 24 hours. * Vascular reactivity tests - a blood pressure cuff is inflated for about 4 minutes before deflating, providing information on the function of the small blood vessels in the skin, as well as an idea of the function level of small blood vessels elsewhere in the body. Takes half an hour. * Blood samples - collected to evaluate kidney and liver function and to measure body lipids, such as cholesterol, minerals, and other substances.
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effectiveness of using a freeze-dried wild blueberry powder on cardiometabolic health, cognitive function, and gut microbiota composition in adult women with prediabetes.
The purpose of this research is to study the effects of resistance exercise training with different degrees of effort on your glucose responses (what we call glycemic control) and psychological responses.
The primary purpose of this study is to determine the sex-specific metabolic and molecular response, among adults with prediabetes, when moving from a Western Diet to plant-based diet.
This project will determine exercise capacity and molecular markers of the response to acute exercise in human subjects with impaired or normal glucose tolerance.
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in obese youth is often preceded by a prediabetic state called: Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), which is associated with a pre-existing defect in insulin secretion. This study intends to determine if genetic factors are associated with defects in insulin secretion, the incretin system and hepatic insulin resistance in obese adolescents. The long-term goal of this study is to generate information on both the genetics as well as the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Youth, which ultimately might guide the investigators towards better preventive and treatment avenues.
The goal of this study is to learn about how a naturally occurring hormone called kisspeptin affects blood sugar and insulin levels.
This study will determine the influence of two non-caloric sweeteners on glucose metabolism via the gut microbiome in adult men and women.
The study will evaluate the effects of resveratrol/leucine and resveratrol/HMB for their ability to control glucose levels in persons without diabetes but with impaired fasting glucose. Secondary assessments will examine the effect of these nutritional supplements versus placebo on inflammation, fasting lipids, HbA1C, and fructosamine, longer term metabolic markers of risk in diabetes.