120 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The goal of this pre-post intervention study is to understand how community-engaged approaches to policy, systems, and environmental approaches can work to improve fruit and vegetable consumption and food security status among an Appalachian Kentucky community. The main approaches taken will be to employ a Community Advisory Board to define our target population of need, and appropriate intervention strategies. The investigators aim to understand if nutrition-based programming and food system approaches for lower-income, single-parent households, and multi-generational households can improve health. Participants will engage in annual data collection to assess dietary quality and food security status.
Community members ages 18 - 45 years old from the El Paso, Texas, U.S.-Mexico Border Region will be recruited to compare psychoeducational multimedia interventions focused on the human papillomavirus (HPV). Our hypothesis is that adults who view culturally tailored multimedia stories encouraging HPV vaccination will report higher vaccine uptake rates.
The study trains clinicians to return personal exposure results to study participants in pregnancy cohorts, and measures outcomes for environmental health literacy for both clinicians and study participants.
The aims of this project are: Aim 1: Determine the extent to which an environmental health literacy educational intervention designed for doulas improves their environmental health literacy of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in personal care products. Hypothesis 1a. Doulas who participate in an environmental health literacy course will have a higher environmental health literacy score based on quantitative questionnaire evaluation post-course compared to pre-course. Hypothesis 1b. Doulas who participate in the environmental health literacy course will have a higher environmental health literacy scores post-course compared to doulas who do not take the environmental health literacy course. Aim 2: Determine the extent to which pregnant people counseled by doulas with training in environmental health literacy have higher environmental health literacy scores and lower usage of personal care products containing EDCs following doula counseling. Hypothesis 2a. Compared to pregnant people not counseled by doulas on EDCs in personal care products, pregnant individuals counseled by doulas on these EDCs will have improved scores in environmental health literacy. Hypothesis 2b. Compared to pregnant people not counseled by doulas on EDCs in personal care products, pregnant individuals receiving counseling will use fewer personal care products associated with containing EDCs based on a validated questionnaire. Aim 3: Determine whether concentrations of EDC biomarkers decreased after the intervention for the intervention group. Hypothesis 3: Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations will be lower post-course compared to pre-course for the intervention group.
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand the impact of an educational intervention on reproductive health care providers' environmental health literacy related to phthalates. The main questions to answer are: 1. Does a web-based educational intervention improve the environmental health literacy of personal care product chemicals based on pre/post/post intervention survey data? 2. Does a web-based educational intervention improve reproductive health professionals' confidence and awareness for communication to patients on environmental health literacy? 3. Do concentrations of personal care product chemicals in reproductive health professionals decrease after the web-based educational intervention? Participants will be asked to complete three surveys: one before the educational intervention, and two after the intervention. The will be asked to complete the approximately 1-hour online educational intervention, which consists of a series of videos from the perspectives of patients, OBGYNs, and researchers, an interactive module, and a worksheet to facilitate conversation with patients.
The proposed study aims to test the effects of supplementing healthy individuals (with low baseline vegetable consumption) with 5 servings of vegetables (80-120g per serving) per day for 4 weeks on blood lipids and other cardiometabolic outcomes. Previous studies indicate the potential to see significant effects in this population and within this amount of time. Importantly, the investigators will also be including a weekly cooking demonstration as part of the intervention, which provides an essential hands-on participatory component and allows participants to connect with one another in a group setting, which aids in acceptability and adherence to dietary interventions. The investigators hypothesize that 4 weeks of daily supplementation with 4-5 servings of vegetables will significantly improve LDL-C and other cardiometabolic outcomes in healthy adults.
PLUTS remains a common childhood condition despite effective treatment options. It is important to improve delivery of UT at the clinical level, with future studies that shift pediatric bladder health into a broader community context. This change in contextual setting and scale can impact access to care and disease incidence beyond our current treatment paradigms. Therefore, the overall objective is to measure the early impact and feasibility of a digital health intervention, Bladder Basics. To complete this aim, we will measure clinical and education outcomes pre- and post- intervention and our assessment of acceptability and feasibility will consider framework-based barriers to implementation. Since there is limited existing data with which to build a future intervention, these variables have been carefully considered based on requirements for a future school-based intervention
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the frequency and duration of meditation in generally healthy adults between: 1. A novel approach to mindfulness meditation encompassing guided tea consumption 2. Breathing meditation Participants will be encouraged to meditate every day in either way listed above and asked to complete Daily Study Intervention Recall for 8 weeks. Additionally, self-reported aspects of stress and mood will be evaluated.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the impact of patient and provider facing educational materials and peer comparison on medical testing conversations during annual physicals. The investigators hypothesize that education materials and peer comparison will improve conversation quality about medical testing decisions.
The overarching hypothesis of our study is that social network interventions using artificial intelligence and social media can be used to increase population awareness about health issues. The overarching objective is to improve population awareness on multiple relevant health issues using social network interventions (SNI) and estimate the effect by conducting randomized control trials. Increase population awareness about organ donation in California, especially among minorities
This is a test of an existing health insurance education program (HIEP) in the Utah Hispanic community (aged 18-64). The study will evaluate whether the HIEP delivered by Utah Health Policy Project (UHPP) staff improves participants' health insurance and cost-related literacy. Participants will complete a brief baseline survey, be guided through the HIEP by UHPP staff, and complete a brief survey after completing the sessions.
This study aims to develop a restaurant menu label to indicate foods and beverage items on restaurant menus that contain high amounts of added sugars and to test its perceived effectiveness.
In this study, the researchers will utilize information gained from patient interviews about their knowledge of the cervical cancer screening and treatment process, and perceived barriers surrounding appropriate follow up, to create content for the intervention.
The goal of this randomized, controlled, single blinded trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of an Afrocentric sexual health curriculum on health professional students' knowledge, attitudes, and clinical skills in providing sexual health care in Tanzania.
The goal of the program is to develop an online module/a health application for cell phones which will share didactic information regarding cancer prevention and early detection measures. These module/application will be developed, and be tested among volunteers for feedback. In the future, these module/application will be disseminated widely to address cancer health disparity particularly in Arkansas.
The proposed study examines whether providing patients with information on the incentives for following the preventative care guidelines available through their insurance has an impact on the update of these preventative services.
This study evaluates the effects of assessing patient nutrition literacy prior to an initial session with an outpatient dietitian on the patient-centeredness of the session. We will randomize 6 dietitians, 4 of whom will have access to their participating patients' nutrition literacy scores. These dietitians will use this information to better inform their interventions, and hopefully improve their patients' nutrition literacy as a result.
Clinical preventive services (CPS) are fundamental to early disease detection and improvement of health outcomes but are often poorly understood and utilized by patients. Myhealthfinder is a web-based tool developed by the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (https://healthfinder.gov). This study tests the "prescription" of myhealthfinder to engage patients in CPS, improve patient-clinician communication and increase uptake of CPS.
This study will assess and evaluate conference attendance feasibility and will gather feedback about preferences and barriers to attendance at the American Society for Nutrition annual conference.
Objectives: This protocol addresses the first phase of a larger project funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help heavy smokers make informed decisions about lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT). A separate IRB protocol will be submitted for the larger, comparative study. In this initial development phase, our prototype patient decision aid will be updated to reflect current guidelines about lung cancer screening. The updated aid will then be pilot-tested in a new sample of patients. In addition, several of the study measures will be refined and further developed in preparation for the larger study. The specific aims of the measures and decision aid development phase of this project are as follows: Update the aid to reflect current screening guidelines and refine the aid via cognitive testing with patients/smokers; and pilot test the updated aid for acceptability with patients/smokers. Modify our current measure of lung cancer knowledge, conduct cognitive testing of the new measure with patients/smokers, and evaluate the reliability of the new measure in a sample patients/smokers.
This study examines a pilot project to introduce integrative health coaching to two community clinical sites, Healing with CAARE Inc. and the Healthy Lifestyles program at Duke Pediatrics. 10 participants and 10 controls will be referred for enrollment at each site (n=20 per site) by on-site personnel, and 6 coaching sessions will be provided over a 3-month period at no cost by coaching trainees completing their certification hours. Pre and post measurements of BMI, patient activation, and perceived interpersonal support will be collected and analyzed for interaction effects. Qualitative process evaluation will be conducted as a thematic analysis via guided interviews with stakeholders and participants, using the "RE-AIM" framework. Feasibility measures will include recruitment of both coaches and clients, subject/client retention, and number and duration of coaching sessions completed. Finally, a subset of the CAARE Inc. cohort will be consented to participate in a post-intervention focus group that addresses the impact of coaching on perception of health-related resources and needs in the community. Primary Hypotheses: Integrative health coaching will be a feasible intervention in both community and clinical settings, in terms of required resources, patient or client adherence, and satisfaction by community stakeholders, including providers and participants. Additional hypotheses: Individuals who receive integrative health coaching sessions as an adjunct to their standard medical care will see improvements in patient activation and perception of interpersonal supports, when compared to controls. Individuals who receive integrative health coaching (or in the case of the pediatric cohort, children of individuals who receive coaching) will see minor improvements in BMI over the study period when compared to controls.
There are many trials measuring the impact of service work on volunteers themselves, but few studies measuring the impact of service on the local people. The purpose of this trial is to determine whether US and Ugandan health volunteers can make a measurable impact on the health of rural Ugandan villagers.
Kennedy et al, in a study of pediatric Emergency Department (ED) use by newborns less than 14 days of age, revealed that half of all visits in this population were non-acute problems. Other pediatric ED utilization studies have shown similar findings in that 32% to 72% of all visits were for non-urgent problems. Many studies have found that primiparity and young maternal age are associated with non-acute ED presentations. A recent factor that has been investigated is the effect of early neonatal discharge. Some other factors are nonwhite mothers and mothers on Medicaid. Zandieh et al, found additional predisposing determinants for non-urgent ED visits, such as single parenthood, Hispanic ethnicity, and having perceptions that their child's overall physical health was poor. Paradis et al found that parents receiving a video intervention rated higher confidence with specific infant care skills and reported feeling better prepared to care for their baby, compared to parents receiving only handouts. However, there isn't any reported study that evaluates the benefits of receiving both, a video intervention along with handouts. Aim: to demonstrate whether conducting anticipatory guidance related to non-urgent problems will reduce non-urgent ED visits, compared to care as usual (CAU) anticipatory guidance (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Shaken Baby Syndrome videos; and unstructured talk about jaundice, vaccinations, appointments, care of umbilical stump, normal urination and bowel movement, fever).
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of an interactive educational program delivered through a patient portal on patients' medication knowledge and medication adherence.
Pediatricians serve an important role in promoting health in families. Bright Futures offers a child and family-centered approach to health promotion in incorporating partnership and communication skills of providers. Two areas of importance are in promotion of oral health and prevention of iron deficiency. We plan to study implementing educational curriculum to pediatric residents through a randomized controlled trial. Randomization will be done through assignment at the level of pediatric training program. Residents randomized to Group 1 will receive education about Bright Futures partnership and communication skills with oral health as the main health promotion topic. Group 2 will receive educational curriculum pertaining to the topic of iron deficiency prevention. While pediatricians are positioned perfectly to partner and effectively communicate with families on these two issues, there are gaps in pediatric education addressing these topics. The CORNET continuity practices of the Ambulatory Pediatric Association provide a venue through which multiple residency programs that educate pediatric residents and whose residents provide medical care to underserved children can participate. The research hypotheses include: 1. Residents in Group 1 will have greater confidence, knowledge and competence in partnership building and communication with families 2. Residents in Group 1 will have greater knowledge and competence in discussing oral health promotion 3. Residents in Group 2 will have greater knowledge and competence in discussing iron deficiency prevention 4. Parent-child dyads in Group 1 will be more likely to have established a dental home 5. Parent-child dyads in Group 1 will be more likely to be satisfied with their healthcare encounter. Pediatric practices provide fertile ground for the provision of health promotion on oral health and iron deficiency prevention. However, evidence for the effectiveness of primary care clinician interventions of screening, referral and counseling to prevent dental caries is lacking \[14\]. The National Survey of America's Families \[15\] found 47% of children did not receive the recommended number of dental visits, with the youngest ones being least likely to receive any dental care. Although 90% of pediatricians agreed they had important roles in identifying and counseling patients on prevention of caries, half stated they had received no previous training during medical school or residency and their knowledge of basic oral health topics was limited \[13\]. These studies highlight that pediatricians play important roles in oral health and are capable of being trained to complete oral screening exams, but more education and guidance is needed. Iron deficiency is the most common childhood nutritional deficiency in the United States. Recent prevalence data have determined that 7-30% of children in the United States aged 1-2 years have iron deficiency and 3-10% have iron deficiency anemia \[17, 18\]. Specific goals in Health People 2010 include a reduction of iron deficiency to 5% in children less than 3 years of age.
The proposed intervention in this Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) proposal will improve knowledge and awareness of the health impacts of air pollution exposure, will elevate the youth voice, improve youth self-efficacy and lead to behavior changes that would reduce exposure to air pollution in a high school setting. These outcomes will be accomplished through the introduction of a new air quality curriculum into science classes, and the establishment of an after-school air quality monitoring program. All students enrolled in Food Science (Montrose High School), Intro to Agriculture (The STEAD School) and Environmental Science Academy (Grand Junction High School) will participate in the new air quality curriculum, as it will be built into the existing lesson plans. For the after-school monitoring program, the PI and participating teachers (Letters A and B) will recruit 10 to 15 students at each school to be involved in the Student Research Cohort (SRC). Information on this program and how to apply will be shared with students through their health and science classes, included in the school newsletter, and posted on billboards around the school. Students will be identified within the following inclusion criteria: 1) freshman or sophomores in high school and 2) participation in the air quality curriculum. New students will be recruited each year to keep a consistent group as students leave and/or graduate. New students will be brought up to speed by carry-over students, and each new year will represent a separate SRC dedicated to a specific goal.
Major depressive and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in the general population and are a leading cause of disability. Black adults have a high burden of depression and anxiety. This study aims to assess a self- administered video-based intervention to reduce mental illness stigma and medical mistrust among Black adults with moderate to severe depression or anxiety.
In this project, the investigators will provide a new HIV prevention training and empowerment sessions to Black women in Washington D.C. who are at high risk for getting HIV. This training is tailored to the experience of Black women and seeks to reduce the high HIV transmission rates in the Black community.
COVID-19 vaccines are available to children over six months, and these vaccines are powerful tools against this catastrophic pandemic. However, Hispanic/Latino children have lower COVID-19 vaccination rates than White non-Hispanic children .Our team of health communication and public health experts proposes a community-based theory-driven intervention that utilizes culturally-grounded narratives from digital storytelling to reduce Hispanic parents' COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and increase their children's vaccine uptake.
African Americans are less likely to receive quality end-of-life (EoL) care. Addressing disparities in EoL care will need efforts to support a better understanding of African American patients' EoL cultural values and preferences for EoL communication and the impact of historical and ongoing care delivery inequities in healthcare settings. Our proposed "Caring for Older African Americans" training program is designed to empower clinicians to improve goal-concordant EoL care delivery by using community-developed storytelling videos to create empathy with experiences of racism in EoL care, guidelines for culturally concordant EoL care delivery, and an implicit bias recognition and management training to mitigate bias in goals of care communication.