584 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of various regimens containing adenovirus serotype 26-Mosaic -Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Ad26.Mos.HIV), Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-Mosaic, and/or HIV type 1 Clade C glycoprotein 140 drug product (gp140 DP) components and to compare envelope binding antibody responses between the different vaccine regimens.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the impact of SkillTalk among educators, parents, and students. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * What is the impact of SkillTalk on student sexual-health related outcomes? * What is the impact of SkillTalk on educator microskills? Educator participants will use an online microskills training platform for one week. Parent participants will be asked to use a parent-specific online microskills training platform for one week. Youth participants will not be asked to do anything outside of "business as usual." Researchers will compare the treatment groups to the control groups to measure the impact of SkillTalk.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of SkillTalk, a subscription-based microskills video training library designed to enhance the skills of high school sex educators to implement the frequently used core components of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) curricula. The overall goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of SkillTalk on educators' demonstrable sexual health education skills. Participants will be asked to: * Complete a consent form. * Attend two simulated classroom sessions, either in person or virtually, during which they will teach two prepared lessons that have will be provided to them. * Be video recorded while teaching. * Complete a baseline survey and a post-survey. * If assigned to the treatment group, they will be granted access to SkillTalk for one week to view the videos associated with the answering sensitive questions and using trauma-informed strategies skill sets. Researchers will compare the treatment group to the control group to see if SkillTalk has an impact on educators' demonstrable sexual health education skills.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a multifaceted strategy to increase pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP; a medication regimen to reduce HIV risk) uptake among high risk African Americans in Louisville, KY. We will do this by 1) implementing a media campaign to raise awareness about PrEP, 2) providing PrEP education to medical personnel who can prescribe PrEP, and 3) partnering with AIDS service organizations to improve outreach and linkage to PrEP services.
This study will examine whether pairing a grade 6 in-school HIV education program and a parent training program will reduce prevalence of behaviors that present high risk of HIV infection in youth in the Bahamas. In a continuation of this study, we shall examine whether an in-school HIV prevention program delivered to grade 10 students reduces HIV risk behavior and the impact of both the grade 6 intervention and the grade 10 intervention compared to the grade 6 intervention alone.
This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive virtual environment computer game in reducing risky sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men.
The aim of this study is to examine the utility of neuroimaging technique to evaluate pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) promotion messages for men who have sex with men (MSM) at risk of HIV in Baltimore.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an HIV prevention strategy in which HIV medicines are used by a person before they are exposed to HIV in order to decrease his or her chance of getting infected. In this study, we will investigate a new PrEP strategy in women using a drug called maraviroc, a medicine used in the treatment of HIV infection called a CCR5 antagonist. We hypothesize that maraviroc could be a particularly good drug for PrEP because it achieves high concentrations in the genital tract in women and decreases the number of HIV-susceptible cells in the genital tract, and thus could potentially be dosed in more favorable ways than the current PrEP drugs. In order to further evaluate this PrEP strategy, we plan to measure the amount of maraviroc in the blood and genital tract of HIV-negative healthy female volunteers before, during, and after they are given maraviroc dosed either in the standard (twice a day) or reduced (once a day) dose for 7 days compared with women who are not given maraviroc. We will also study immune cells from the blood and genital tract from these women to see if maravoric has an effect on these cells that would prevent them from becoming infected with HIV.
This is a double-blind placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of Naltrexone (NTX) and counseling on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) medication adherence in a cohort of HIV-infected patients who report heavy drinking, or meet criteria for alcohol abuse and/or dependence, and inadequate (\< 95%) HAART adherence. All patients will receive a behavioral intervention, termed Medical Management/Medication Coaching or MM/MC. MM/MC incorporates the behavioral platform Medical Management (MM) from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)-funded COMBINE Study to reduce heavy alcohol use with Medication Coaching (MC), a manualized treatment designed to improve HAART medication adherence in HIV-infected patients with substance use disorders.
This study will evaluate the hypothesis that intravaginal rings (IVRs) can safely and in a sustained fashion, deliver the antiretroviral (ARV) drugs - tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC), and maraviroc (MVC), in healthy women when used in the following drug combinations: 1) TDF ("Single" IVR); 2) TDF-FTC ("Dual" IVR) and; 3) TDF-FTC-MVC ("Triple" IVR). TDF = tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; FTC = emtrcitabine; MVC = maraviroc
The study will use focus group methodology in the formative evaluation phase. Focus group methodology provides a rich source of data and understanding of phenomena by allowing the researcher to examine the interaction among participants
The purpose of this study is to explore drivers and mitigators of anal sex stigma in healthcare, and then to develop and pilot an intervention for health workers that mitigates the deterrent effects of this stigma on the engagement of gay and bisexual men in HIV-related services.
The study will evaluate the use and effectiveness of mobile-messaging platforms as a public health strategy for improving sexual health outcome measures among men who have sex with men (MSM) by determining whether exposure to the message-delivery platform results in improvements in participants' self-reported sexual health and prevention behaviors, beliefs and attitudes. The study will enroll men into a randomized controlled trial. Participants randomized to the messaging intervention will have access to a smartphone-based messaging platform for three months while those assigned to the waitlist group will be offered access to the messaging platform after all follow up is complete. Participants will complete surveys at baseline, after the end of the 3 month intervention, and follow up surveys 6 and 9 months after the baseline survey.
The proposed MyPEEPS Mobile intervention is a novel and evidence-driven intervention using mobile technology to deliver HIV prevention information specifically developed for at-risk young men who have sex with men (YMSM). This will be the one of the first studies to test the efficacy of a scaled-up, mobile version of an existing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention intervention originally developed for, designed by, and piloted for, a diverse group of YMSM. MyPEEPS Mobile will be tested in an randomized controlled trial with racially and ethnically diverse HIV-negative or unknown status YMSM aged 13-18 at four geographically diverse sites: Birmingham, Chicago, New York City, and Seattle, allowing for increased generalizability of findings.
Teenagers in mental health treatment are at greater risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. This greater risk comes from many factors, some of which are related to poor emotion regulation and low self-confidence. There is a need for an HIV prevention program specifically for these at-risk teens. The goal of this study is to develop a computerized HIV prevention study tailored to adolescents in mental health treatment. The first part of the study will develop core sessions of D\*STAR. It will do this by using focus group feedback from approximately 15 adolescents in mental health treatment, and approximately 10 parents of youth in mental health treatment and mental health treatment center staff. Feedback on D\*STAR prototype sessions will also be collected from two individual interviews with approximately 15 youth in mental health treatment. Core sessions will then be reviewed in an open trial with approximately 30 adolescents. The second part of the study will develop and refine digital versions of the remaining sessions of STAR and a digital general health promotion intervention. It will do this by using focus group feedback from approximately 20 adolescents in mental health treatment, and approximately 10 community advisory board members which include variety of staff from mental health treatment settings such as administrators, supervisors, therapists, health teachers at therapeutic schools, clinicians at day hospitals and day treatment programs, parents of youth in mental health treatment and from relevant community organizations, such as those serving lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth. Feedback on D\*STAR prototype sessions will also be collected from two individual interviews with approximately 20 youth in mental health treatment. All developed sessions (from both Phase I and Phase II) will then be reviewed in an open trial with approximately 20 adolescents. A randomized control trial (RCT) will then be conducted to compare D\*STAR to a time matched digital general health promotion intervention among approximately 120 adolescents. For the pilot and RCT phases, assessments will be administered prior to randomization, immediately following the last intervention session, and at one month post-intervention (pilot study) or at three month post-intervention (RCT).
In this study, investigators propose to randomize 165 human immunodeficiency virus positive patients to one of three 16-week treatment conditions: (1) standard care; (2) standard care + cell phone-based adherence reminders; or (3) standard care + cell phone-based adherence reminders and contingency management. In this latter condition, patients will earn reinforcement for sending in time- and date-stamped self videos of antiretroviral therapy medication ingestion. Primary outcomes will include viral loads and self-report measures of adherence, and effects will be evaluated both during the treatment period and throughout a one-year follow-up. Investigators hypothesize that the cell phone reminder condition will improve adherence relative to standard care, and the cell phone reminder plus contingency management condition will have the best outcomes. Results from this study may have widespread implications for the use of cell phones as a novel technology to improve initial adherence to antiretroviral therapy, thereby reducing the spread of drug resistant human immunodeficiency virus strains to the community.
In the third decade of the HIV pandemic, what was once a uniformly and rapidly fatal disease has been transformed into a chronic illness by advances in the understanding of HIV pathogenesis and therapeutics. As a result, HIV-infected individuals are living longer and better lives. This phenomenon, coupled with a continued steady rate of new HIV infections in this country, has led to the highest U.S. HIV prevalence rates since the beginning of the epidemic. In the past, HIV prevention efforts were separate from routine primary care delivery due to multiple factors including stigma and time constraints. Recent events, including increases in sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates among HIV-infected persons and evidence that infected individuals can be super-infected by HIV strains resistant to antiretroviral therapy, have inspired the SPNS program initiative to develop demonstration projects for interventions to reduce risky sexual exposures among HIV-infected patients receiving primary care.
Recent studies have shown that many drug-using minority women are vulnerable to HIV infection from their husbands or other intimate male partners. The goal of this study is to develop and evaluate two new HIV counseling and testing programs designed for drug-using women at risk for HIV from a primary male partner. It is predicted that HIV counseling and testing programs administered to couples rather than to women only, and programs that focus on intimate relationships in the context of HIV risk, will result in a reduction of risky sexual and drug-related behavior among drug-using women and their primary male partners. This four-year study employs a randomized clinical trial (RCT) design to test the effectiveness of two new HIV counseling and testing programs for women drug-users in Harlem and the South Bronx in New York City.
To prevent individuals who have had a massive accidental exposure to HIV from becoming infected with HIV and possibly developing AIDS, by treating them with zidovudine (AZT). Although the number of persons who have been (or will be) exposed to a high concentration of HIV is quite small, these persons have a high risk of becoming infected and treatments are needed to prevent infection after such an exposure. In animal studies, AZT has prevented the development of infections after exposure of the animals to a retrovirus (the HIV is a retrovirus). In patients with AIDS, AZT has been effective in delaying the progression of the disease. For these reasons a trial of AZT is indicated.
The investigators propose a prospective single arm pilot cohort study of 100 youth (ages 15-25) to evaluate the feasibility of this project. A convenience sample of subjects will be enrolled on a voluntary basis from those who come to the day care center located in Nyanza, a district of the Southern province, in Rwanda.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether daily use of emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) can prevent HIV infection in men who also receive HIV counseling, condoms, and treatment for other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
The purpose of this program evaluation is to determine whether the Health Love Workshop, a group-level HIV behavioral intervention, reduces HIV-related sex risk behaviors and increases HIV protective behaviors of African American women and women of African descent. The intent of this program is to support an evaluation of the efficacy of the intervention and to provide feedback to the implementing organization to increase intervention effectiveness.
The purpose of this program evaluation is to determine whether the "Many Men, Many Voices" HIV/STD prevention intervention is effective in reducing HIV sex risk behaviors and increasing HIV testing among African-American men who have sex with men (MSM), who may or may not self-identify as gay. The intent of this program is to support the evaluation of an existing intervention and provide feedback to the implementing organization for improved program effectiveness, not to conduct research.
This study will determine the safety and side effects of two experimental HIV vaccines given in a "prime-boost" schedule. It will also monitor participants for the social impact of being in an HIV vaccine study (e.g., problems with insurance, health care, friends, family, employment, housing, and so forth). The vaccines are VRC-HIVDNA016-00-VP (called the DNA vaccine) and VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP (called the rAd vaccine). The DNA vaccine codes for four HIV proteins. The rAd vaccine is made using an adenovirus (a common virus that causes upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold) that has been modified to contain DNA that codes for three HIV proteins. These vaccines cannot cause HIV or adenoviral infections. The study will also see if the vaccines cause an immune response; if the injection of the DNA vaccine given using a needle and syringe is similar in safety and immune response to giving them with a needleless injection device called a Biojector 2000; if people who already have antibodies to adenovirus still have an immune response to rAd vaccine; and if there are social harms that result from participating in an HIV vaccine study. Healthy volunteers between 18 and 50 years of age may be eligible for this 42-week study. Candidates are screened with a medical history, physical examination, blood and urine tests (including pregnancy test for women), and questions regarding sexual behavior and other practices. Participants receive three injections (shots) of the DNA vaccine and one injection of the rAd vaccine. All injections are given into a muscle in the upper arm (alternating right and left arms with each injection), using a needle and syringe or the needleless Biojector 2000. The first vaccination is given the day of enrollment into the study, and the DNA vaccinations are given about 4 weeks apart from each other, with a minimum of 21 days between injections. The rAd "booster"vaccination is given at Week 24. Participants fill out a diary card at home for 5 days after each vaccination, recording their temperature and any symptoms. They come to the clinic for follow-up 3 days each DNA vaccine injection, and call or return again 7 days after each injection. They call a study nurse 1 or 2 days after the rAd injection. There are 15 to 18 clinic visits during the course of the study. At each visit, participants are checked for health changes or problems. Blood and urine samples are collected at some visits. Participants are periodically tested for HIV and asked questions about their sexual behavior and drug use and are counseled throughout the study on HIV risk reduction. They are also asked about any social effects they may have experienced as a result of their participation in this study.
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Retrovir (AZT) when used as prophylaxis for health care workers at risk for HIV infection from exposure to HIV-contaminated blood or blood components.
This study is designed to find out whether HIV-positive patients whose immune systems have improved after receiving anti-HIV treatment should take azithromycin to prevent Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease. This study also examines the possibility of putting off MAC prevention treatment in patients who respond well to anti-HIV drug therapy. Azithromycin is approved for the prevention of MAC disease in people with HIV and low CD4 cell counts. However, some people who have taken azithromycin have been found to carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria (germs that can grow despite the presence of drugs used to kill them). It is not known whether the risks associated with taking azithromycin outweigh the risk of getting MAC disease.
The primary objective of this research project is to identify barriers to scale-up of Opioid Agonist Therapy (OAT) in the justice systems (prisons and probation) in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, and Georgia, and establish a NIATx learning collaborative to scale-up OAT, and analyze scale-up utilizing latent class growth analyses in people who inject drugs (PWID).
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand what patients and physicians think about providing medications to prevent HIV transmission to patients in a family planning clinic. These medications are known as pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP. The main questions to answer are: 1. Do patients find it acceptable to be asked about, and offered, PrEP during their visit to a family planning clinic? 2. What things make it easier or harder to ask about PrEP in a family planning clinic setting? 3. What things make it easier or harder to begin PrEP in a family planning clinic setting? Patient participants: 1. Will receive standardized counseling about PrEP. 2. Will have the opportunity to begin PrEP as part of their routine, ongoing care. 3. Will be asked to complete a survey about their experiences. Physician participants: 1. Will receive standardized education about PrEP. 2. Will talk to patient participants about PrEP, and support patient participants who want to begin PrEP. 3. Will be asked to complete pre-and post-study surveys about their experiences. 4. May be asked to complete a post-study in-depth interview about their experiences.
The major goal of this study is to evaluate a multi-component, multilevel HIV prevention intervention that targets theoretically-informed and empirically-identified barriers to and facilitators of both HIV testing and PEP/PrEP uptake by combining existing evidence-based and novel evidence-informed components and integrating them into a community-based organization's (CBO) standard of care (SOC) PEP/PrEP navigation program. The evaluation will apply use a 2x2 factorial design to randomize and follow for 18 months 480 PrEP-eligible Black MSM (aged 18-65) living in the NYC area to one of four combinations of interventions. The impact of the social/media campaign, delivered to both geographic (print media) and Black MSM communities (social media) and launched midway through recruitment, will be assessed through assessment of timing and length of exposure as covariates in analysis.
MyPEEPS Mobile Plus, a multi-level intervention for improving HIV prevention outcomes in YMSM, is a novel and evidence-driven approach using mobile technology to deliver HIV prevention information specifically developed for YMSM. Building on strong preliminary work, the proposed research is the next logical step in a body of work designed to assess whether refinement of this mobile intervention used in combination with virtual PrEP Peer Navigation will result in improvements in PrEP uptake and a reduction in HIV-related behavior. This is key to advancing HIV prevention among HIV-negative US persons at extremely high-risk for HIV seroconversion.