6 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a graphic based education tool on patient knowledge of macrosomia through the use of a survey and to evaluate knowledge at 1-2 weeks after initial review of the education tool.
Studies evaluating lifestyle intervention in obese women during pregnancy have reported limited success in decreasing excessive gestational weight gain, and have failed to achieve the key outcome of breaking the obesity cycle and reducing neonatal adiposity or birth weight. Although some investigators advocate weight loss during pregnancy in obese women, these recommendations were based on extrapolation of retrospective epidemiological data. Of concern, we reported increased small for gestational age babies and decreased lean body mass in neonates of obese women with weight loss or inadequate gestational weight gain. Based on our research, optimal outcomes from lifestyle interventions are likely to be temporal and therefore must be initiated prior to conception to first improve maternal metabolic function, and subsequently, placental/fetal growth. Several large retrospective cohort studies support our hypothesis. For example, women who lost weight between pregnancies had fewer large for gestational age babies in contrast to women who increased interpregnancy weight. In addition, prospective randomized controlled trials have shown that postpartum weight loss is achievable without adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes, these studies include women who breastfed. Based on these observations, we propose a randomized control trial to determine the effect of lifestyle intervention initiated prior to a planned pregnancy on improving neonatal metabolism and adiposity. Our overarching hypothesis is that the maternal pre-pregnancy metabolic condition determines the obesogenic in-utero environment, which affects programming of placental mitochondrial function and metabolic pathways, promoting lipid accumulation and neonatal adiposity. Our rationale is based on the need to establish the most effective time to introduce an intervention that will break the obesity cycle in mothers and their children. Understanding how pregravid metabolic conditioning improves maternal physiology, and cellular and molecular function in pregnancy will provide the empirical data to support the intervention. We have a highly successful record of recruiting women who are planning a pregnancy, obtaining compliance in longitudinal studies, and in long-term follow-up of mothers and their offspring. Lifestyle intervention will be initiated prior to conception to decrease maternal body fat, inflammation, insulin resistance, and ?-cell dysfunction. Our transdisciplinary team has the required expertise in lifestyle interventions management of obesity, and in human physiology that is needed to determine the effects of these interventions on maternal metabolism and fetalplacental growth and function. We will recruit 200 women to pursue the following specific aims: Specific Aim 1: To investigate the physiological significance of lifestyle intervention in preparation for pregnancy (LIPP) on maternal and neonatal metabolism and adiposity. Specific Aim 2: To determine the molecular effects whereby lifestyle intervention initiated before pregnancy can improve placental mitochondrial lipid oxidation and accumulation.
This is a prospective, observational study which examines the association between maternal triglycerides in the antepartum period and fetal overgrowth in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes. Mothers are asked to provide 2 blood samples, undergo fingerstick blood measurements, and to have their newborns measured for body fat composition in the first 6 months of life.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether unrecognized maternal hyperglycemia and postprandial lipemia early or late in gestation predicts excess neonatal adiposity.
This is a randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of routine exercise counseling compared to the recommendation for postprandial ambulation on infant birthweight among pregnant people with gestational diabetes mellitus. The primary outcome is birthweight percentile for gestational age at delivery. Secondary outcomes include feasibility and acceptability, need for metformin or insulin for glycemic control, mode of delivery, neonatal hypoglycemia. Participants will be counseled to either complete 20 minutes of walking after meals, or be counseled with routine exercise counseling of 30 minutes of low-impact 5x a week. Their activity will be tracked by "FitBit" pedometers and uploaded via bluetooth to a database for review. They will continue to receive routine obstetric and diabetes care.
This was a quasi-experimental pilot study comparing blood glucose values 30 minutes after feeding alone or feeding + dextrose gel in newborns at risk for transient neonatal hypoglycemia.