12 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The reason for this research study is to better understand the use of liraglutide, a commonly prescribed Type 2 diabetes medication, in patients with a diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). The investigators are interested in better understanding the way that this drug affects the metabolism and hormone levels of a person with MODY. Many people with MODY report having gastrointestinal (GI) issues such as an upset stomach. Investigators also interested in finding out if this drug will help with GI issues. If liraglutide does help with this symptom of MODY, the investigators want to know why this happens. If this drug is effective for participants, the investigators will use participants cells to make human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC). This means that the investigators will use participant cells to create what are called stem cells, which are cells in the body that are able to be told what their job is. Investigators will use these cells to see what happens in gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
The purpose of this study is to determine the key factors influencing insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2). Our study tests the hypothesis that decreased insulin sensitivity is primarily driven by chronically elevated insulin levels in the blood rather than chronic elevations in blood sugar.
This study aims to understand the heart and blood sugar health benefits of using an adjunctive therapy to lower high insulin levels in people with type 1 diabetes. The investigators will also look at people with a specific type of diabetes called Glucokinase-Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (GCK-MODY) and those without diabetes to help interpret the results. The investigators will use a medication that helps the body get rid of sugar, called and SGLT2 inhibitor, with the goal to reduce the body's insulin requirements. The investigators believe this could lead to better heart and blood sugar health, including a better response to insulin and more available nitric oxide, a gas that helps blood vessels function well. The investigators will compare heart and blood sugar health risk factors in participants with type 1 diabetes, participants with Glucokinase-Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (GCK-MODY), and non-diabetic healthy volunteers under two conditions: high insulin levels typical of type 1 diabetes and normal insulin levels typical of the other two groups.
This study will determine whether resting beta cells (cells in the pancreas that produce insulin) for 2 weeks will improve the ability of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to make insulin. Beta cells can rest by giving patients insulin shots. The study will also examine how teenagers with T2DM feel about having diabetes and explore differences between young people with and without T2DM. This study includes patients 12 to 25 years of age with T2DM who are overweight and who were diagnosed within 2 years of enrolling in the study. Healthy individuals of normal weight or who are overweight are also eligible. Candidates are screened with a medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests. Participants with T2DM are assigned to one of two groups. Group 1 takes an anti-diabetes medicine called metformin and follows a diet prescribed by a study staff dietitian for 2 weeks. Group 2 takes metformin, follows the prescribed diet, and receives insulin through a pump under the skin for 2 weeks. During these two weeks, all participants have the following tests: * Frequent blood sugar checks. * Oral glucose tolerance test (routine diabetes test in which blood samples are drawn before and several times after the subject drinks a sugary solution). * Arginine stimulation to test the response of the body to arginine, a normal ingredient of food that stimulates the release of insulin. Two catheters are placed into veins in the arms, one to administer a liquid containing arginine, the other to draw the blood samples. * Ultrasound of the blood vessels in the neck to check for hardening of the arteries. * Metabolism test to measure the amount of oxygen used during rest. The subject breathes normally during rest while wearing a canopy over his or her head for about 20 minutes. * MRI scans of the abdomen to examine the amount of fat in the belly (at the beginning and end of the study) * DEXA scan to determine percent body fat. * Tests to explore quality of life and feelings about health, work or school, friends and family. * Exercise testing on a treadmill or stationary bicycle. * Genetic studies for information on diabetes and obesity. Normal volunteers have blood draws, oral glucose tolerance testing, MRI scan, DEXA scan, psychological testing, exercise testing, and genetic testing.
The goal of the study is to characterize preclinical Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) neuropathology in a selected group of young adults with youth-onset diabetes, and an age-similar group of young adults without diabetes.
High-resistance, short-duration inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) is a novel lifestyle intervention involving 30 inhalations against a resistive load which requires only \~5 min/day and is thus ideal for youth with T2D (Y-T2D). Investigators seek to 1: assess changes in casual and 24-hr SBP, endothelial function, and arterial stiffness after 3 months of IMST vs. sham training in Y-T2D, 2: Define changes in eGFR andalbuminuria after 3 months of IMST vs. sham in Y-T2D, 3: Interrogate mechanisms of IMST by translational assessments of NO bioavailability, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation, and ROS/oxidative stress, and determine the role of circulating factors.
In this study, we will determine the feasibility of an innovative care model for young adults with diabetes and compare the primary and secondary outcomes in the innovative model to those in the usual care model for adult diabetes management at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Diabetes Center.
The study is a prospective unblinded randomized trial to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a sleep extension intervention trial and the sleep extension intervention among the young adults. The study also wants to assess whether a sleep-extension intervention has an impact on the insulin resistance levels of young adults. The intervention consists of an education session and to extend the sleep time at least one hour but can be up to 2 hours per night for 4 weeks.
The AIMM Young study is a collaboration between Children's National Medical Center (CNMC) and colleges/universities nationwide--currently including Howard University (HU), East Carolina University (ECU), and University of Massachusetts, Amherst (U Mass). This study obtains a variety of baseline measures (such as serum biomarkers related to metabolic syndrome, anthropometrics, muscle strength, and fitness testing) along with genetic information from healthy college-age (18-35 years) young adults in efforts to identify phenotype-genotype associations that may predispose individuals to developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and/or related diseases such as obesity. We hypothesized that certain genetic variations will be protective against metabolic syndrome, while others will show a strong correlation with specific components of metabolic syndrome disease. We expect that the study of "pre-symptomatic," young individuals will facilitate the identification of genetic risk loci for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Younger populations typically have less confounding variables, and this facilitates normalizing of metabolic syndrome features and environment/lifestyle. Additionally, young subjects can provide more robust longitudinal data, and be recruited into subsequent interventions to reverse the trend towards metabolic syndrome, rather than the more difficult task of reversing type 2 diabetes in older populations. The data collected will be stratified according to gender, age, ethnicity, genotype, and other phenotypic measures to determine how these factors influence disease risk.
The study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of AYUDA (Assisting Younger Adults with Diabetes), a 12-week culturally text message program for Latinx adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who are caregivers to a child under 18 years old within Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
The study proposes to rigorously evaluate a proactive, culturally responsive care navigator intervention targeting younger-onset Latinx individuals with a new T2D diagnosis (AURORA \[Active Outreach to Younger Latinx\]) within Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC).
The purpose of this study is to evaluate benefits and risks of lixisenatide (AVE0010), in comparison to sitagliptin, as an add-on treatment to metformin, in obese (body mass index \[BMI\] greater than or equal to 30 kilogram per square meter \[kg/m\^2\]) type 2 diabetic patients less than 50 years of age, over a period of 24 weeks of treatment. The primary objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of lixisenatide, in comparison to sitagliptin, as an add-on treatment to metformin on a composite endpoint of glycemic control in terms of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight, at Week 24. Secondary objectives are to assess the effects of lixisenatide, in comparison to sitagliptin, as an add-on treatment to metformin on absolute changes in HbA1c values and body weight; fasting plasma glucose (FPG); plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, and proinsulin during a 2-hour standardized meal test; insulin resistance assessed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); beta cell function assessed by homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-beta); to evaluate safety, tolerability, and anti-lixisenatide antibody development.