3 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This study, conducted at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, will examine how male teenage driving performance varies in the presence or absence of male teenage passengers. It will explore what information teen drivers and their passengers use when making decisions that affect their performance on the road. Male drivers under 18 years of age who have a Junior Operator's or Full License and have driven at least once in the month before enrolling in the study may be eligible to participate. In a university laboratory, participants sit in a 1995 Saturn sedan and operate the controls of the car just as they would those of any other car, during simulated drives in urban, suburban and rural areas. They are fitted with a head-mounted eye tracker that records their point of gaze in real time. On one drive, the subject drives alone; on another, a male passenger rides along. After the drives, the subject fills out some questionnaires.
Background: * Automobile crash risks are highest right after licensure and decline rapidly for about 6 months and then gradually for years, regardless of the amount of supervised practice driving or age at licensure. The only approaches to this problem that have demonstrated effectiveness are Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) and parental management. * The Checkpoints Program consists of persuasive messages and materials designed to increase adoption of the Checkpoints Parent-Teen Driving Agreement and to improve parents' ability to set limits on higher-risk driving privileges for novice drivers. Researchers are interested in determining whether expanding the Checkpoints Program to an online version (instead of through the mail) can help improve parent limit-setting in connection with the program. Objectives: * To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of conducting an online version of the Checkpoints Program through American Automobile Association (AAA) clubs. * To test rates of parental intervention and limit-setting after participation in the Checkpoints Program. Eligibility: - Parents whose teenage children are enrolled in AAA-affiliated driving schools. Design: * Parents with children at the permit stage of driver's education will be recruited through AAA clubs and will be asked to visit a designated Web site to sign up for the program. * Parents will provide consent and complete the baseline survey, and will be assigned to random groups to test different versions of the Checkpoints Program (the intervention or a control group Web site). * The intervention program will contain videos, regular e-mails, and newsletters on setting parental limits and information on specific teen driving risks. The control program will provide information on various topics related to the licensing procedure and safe driving, but no specific information on teen driving risks. * A follow-up assessment will be conducted 1 month after the teenager receives his or her license.
The long-term goal of this pragmatic, cluster randomized study is to develop a sustainable program for healthcare systems to reduce fatal and nonfatal falls among high-risk older adults living independently in their communities. This study will examine how a medication care plan, grounded in established medication deprescribing and tapering frameworks, can be implemented in primary care clinics to reduce falls among older adults living in rural Iowa communities. The study is a collaboration between researchers and clinical pharmacists at the University of Iowa and a clinical team from the MercyOneSM Health Network, which is a non-academic healthcare system with significant reach into rural Iowa communities The study's specific goals are as followed: * Aim 1: Examine the effectiveness of a clinic-based, individualized medication care plan in reducing rates of all falls including medically treated falls (sub-aim 1a) and motor vehicle charges and crashes (sub-aim 1b) among older adults seen in rural primary care clinics. * Aim 2: Identify provider and patient factors that are associated with patient adherence to medication deprescribing and discontinuation recommendations. * Aim 3\*: Evaluate implementation of the medication care plan to understand its acceptability, usability and relevance among healthcare system administrators, clinics (clinic managers and clinical staff), providers (health coaches, pharmacists, prescribers) and patients. Note\*: Only Aims 1 and 2 (i.e., pertinent to the clinical trial) will be described in this clinicaltrials.gov study description. Intervention and control patients will participate in: * Baseline assessment * Quarterly follow-up assessments * Monthly falls tracking Additionally, Intervention participants will receive: • An individualized medication action plan to deprescribe medications that put them at high risk for a fall Researchers will compare intervention and control participants for changes in self-reported fall rates (primary outcome), EMR-indicated medically-treated falls (secondary outcome), traffic-related charges (secondary outcome), and motor vehicle crashes (secondary outcome).