21 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Demonstrate and compare the 3D morphology of the bladder wall in full and drained states with 2 different kinds of bladder catheters in place. (Foley Catheter vs. Cystosure Catheter)
The study is being done to identify types of bacteria associated with the lining of the large intestine in people who have recently been treated for C. difficile infection to determine if there are features associated with recurrent disease.
This research is being done to study the ability of C. difficile to colonize the colonic mucosa of individuals with no prior history of C. difficile infection.
The purpose of this study is to learn more about both HIV-1 infection and advancing age, and their association with increased risk of serious infection and impaired response to the Prevnar 13 vaccine.
Gastrointestinal (GI) infection with Campylobacter causes inflammation in the bowel and can change bacteria in the gut. Certain individuals with Campylobacter infection are also known to develop chronic bowel problems such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The researchers are doing this study to understand if changes in gut bacteria and gut mucosal lining during an acute infection can help identify individuals who might be at risk for developing problems in the future.
Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are the most common healthcare-associated infection in children and are associated with morbidity and mortality. This study will attempt to identify the source of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in children with CLABSI because we hypothesize that many of the BSIs that are currently classified as CLABSIs are actually laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (LCBI) that may be a result of mucosal barrier injury (MBI), also known as MBI-LCBI. In order to study this, we will isolate bacteria from multiple body sites of children that have BSI in order to compare these bacteria to the strain growing in their blood using whole-genome DNA sequencing. We will also evaluate biomarkers of MBI of the respiratory tract and GI tract.
This study investigates the response of vaginal and cervical tissue after exposure to three vaginal products: hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) placebo, nonoxynol-9 (N9) and imiquimod (IMQ) cream.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether CVD 1208S (a live, attenuated, oral vaccine) is safe and effective in the prevention of Shigella infection.
This pilot study aims to study gut B cells in HCV+HIV+, HCV+HIV-, HCV-HIV+, and HCV-HIV- volunteers. Volunteers will undergo a screening blood draw and flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy.
The mouth may play an important part in monitoring HIV progression. Mucosal lesions of the mouth are often the first sign of infection and their development in already diagnosed individuals indicates disease progression. In addition, saliva may provide a non-invasive way to track viral load. The purpose of this study is to establish standardized practices for examining the mouth and identifying oral mucosal lesions as well as to establish a correlation of viral load with HIV particles found in saliva.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether CVD 1208S (a live, attenuated, oral vaccine) is safe and effective in the prevention of Shigella infection.
Topical microbicides, substances that kill microbes, are being studied to prevent sexual transmission of HIV and other disease-causing agents. In the future, topical microbicides may be applied vaginally to prevent both acquisition and transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The purpose of this study is to assess whether there is a measurable response to daily applications of a topical microbicide, 1% tenofovir gel, in women at low risk for HIV infection.
The purpose of this study is determine whether a vaginal mucosal vaccine given to women with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections can reduce the number of infections occurring in a six-month study period, as compared to placebo treatment.
To determine the effect of Viracept in combination with modified antiretroviral therapy on the outcome of cutaneous and mucosal Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS).
To compare the safety of ALVAC-HIV vCP205 to that of ALVAC-RG vCP65 rabies glycoprotein, delivered by a variety of mucosal routes. To evaluate the antibody, humoral, and cellular immune responses resulting from ALVAC-HIV vCP205. \[AS PER AMENDMENT 8/3/98: To obtain safety data on AIDSVAX B/B boosting administered by the intramuscular and intranasal routes in the context of previous immunization via alternate mucosal routes or intramuscularly with a canarypox vector expressing HIV-1 antigens (vCP205). To obtain immunogenicity data on AIDSVAX B/B boosting.\] One of the earliest observations in the HIV epidemic was the demonstration of HIV infection at mucosal surfaces of cells in the genital tract. These data suggest that priming of immune defenses of viral infected cells may be an important component in the strategy of developing an effective HIV vaccine. Direct immunization of relevant mucosal surfaces with a vectored vaccine may stimulate mucosal immunity. The ALVAC-HIV vCP205 immunogen is constructed from a live recombinant canarypox vector that has a good safety profile in volunteers and should allow mucosal induction of immunity.
To compare the efficacy of fluconazole versus placebo for the prevention of Candida esophagitis and vaginal/oropharyngeal candidiasis, including a comparison of the development of clinical resistance. Fluconazole has been shown to be effective in preventing or suppressing candidiasis in HIV-negative women. An increasing likelihood of oral and esophageal candidiasis in conjunction with progressive immunosuppression raises the question of the potential role of prophylactic antifungal therapy in high-risk persons.
The present study is designed to address the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the local and systemic immunomodulatory effects of buccally or vaginally administered misoprostol in healthy, reproductive-age women.
The lining of the gastrointestinal tract contains specialized lymphoid tissue that is part of the immune system. Like other parts of the immune system, HIV attacks this lymphoid tissue. This study will evaluate the effect of an anti-inflammatory drug on the lymphoid tissue in the gastrointestinal tracts of people with HIV.
The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give GENEVAX-HIV, a potential HIV vaccine, to HIV-negative volunteers. The study also compares the effects of GENEVAX-HIV injected into the muscle to the effects of the drug when injected into the skin.
Background: Most symptoms of human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection, do not cause serious health problems, but some do. As HPV can cause uncontrolled growth of infected cells, some people can develop benign skin lesions, larger warts, genital lesions, tumors or cysts that do not respond to treatment. Researchers want to learn why. Objective: To better understand why some people are more likely than others to get sick from HPV infection, and why medicine or surgery is not always effective. Eligibility: People aged 3 years and older who have had multiple outbreaks of HPV-related warts and/or lesions that do not respond to treatment. Healthy relatives are also needed. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical exam, and blood tests. Participants may have study visits as an outpatient or an inpatient (admitted overnight to the NIH hospital) and be followed over several years by our doctors and researchers at the NIH. Participants may have a cervical and/or anal Pap test. They may give samples of semen, cervicovaginal secretions, urine, saliva, or stool. Small pieces of skin, the inside of the cheek, and/or the gums may be collected with a punch or scrape biopsy to understand how HPV affect the growth of cells. Mucus and skin may be collected by rubbing the area with a cotton swab. Collection areas may include the inside the mouth, nostrils, skin, genitals, and/or in or around the anus. Biopsies may be collected. If participants need to have a biopsy as part of medical care, then we may ask if extra samples can be collected for research. Biopsies we may collect are bone marrow, lymph node, genitals, or in or around the anus. Participants may have leukapheresis. Blood is taken from a needle placed in one arm. A machine separates out the white blood cells. The rest of the blood is returned through a needle in their other arm. Samples may be used for genetic tests and/or to make special cells called induced pluripotent stem cells. Participants may have follow-up visits once a year for 10 years. Benefits: We are not testing new HPV treatments in this study and you might not benefit from participating. However, we may learn new information about your condition that we will share with you and your doctor. We may make recommendations for your medical care based on current accepted treatment. What we learn from you and other participants in this study might help other people. We hope we can use this information to develop new treatments and therapies in the future....
Background: - Gum disease is a condition in which the tissue around the tooth root becomes swollen and infected. This condition can cause tooth loss if it is not treated. Who gets gum disease and how bad it will be depends on (1) the different bacteria in the mouth and (2) how the immune system of an individual handles these bacteria. Researchers want to look at the oral bacteria and genetic immune problems of different people to learn how these affect gum disease and other conditions of the mouth. Objectives: - To study how immune system problems may lead to problems in the mouth, including gum disease. Eligibility: * Children and adults at least 7 years of age who have genetic problems with their immune system. * Healthy adults that have periodontal disease * Health adults that do not have periodontal disease Design: * This study will involve a screening visit and a study visit. * Participants will be screened with a medical history, blood work and a full oral and dental exam, including dental x-rays and photos. * The study visit will involve collection of blood, urine, and other samples, including saliva, plaque, and gum swabs. Any abnormal tissue will sampled for a biopsy. Additional oral and dental exams will be performed. Participants will also answer questions about any current medical or dental problems.