9 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The investigators will assess the feasibility and validity of esophageal pressure measurements during one-lung ventilation in the lateral position for surgery by comparing to lung collapse estimated from electrical impedance tomography during a PEEP trial.
In this observational study, all enrolled patients having a thoracic surgical procedure requiring lung isolation will have a bispectral index (BIS) monitor placed at time of induction. BIS monitors are used to assist in determining depth of anesthesia. This study will evaluate changes in BIS before, during and after lung isolation.
The aim of the prospective crossover study is to investigate the effect of individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on measures of tissue oxygenation, compared with low PEEP.
One-lung ventilation (OLV) with resting of the contralateral lung may be required to allow or facilitate thoracic surgery. However, OLV can result in severe hypoxemia, requiring a mechanical ventilation approach that is able to maintain adequate gas exchange, while protecting the lungs against postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). During OLV, the use of lower tidal volumes is helpful to avoid over-distension, but can result in increased atelectasis and repetitive collapse-and-reopening of lung units, particularly at low levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Anesthesiologists inconsistently use PEEP and recruitment maneuvers (RM) in the hope that this may improve oxygenation and protect against PPC. Up to now, it is not known whether high levels of PEEP combined with RM are superior to lower PEEP without RM for protection against PPCs during OLV. Hypothesis: An intra-operative ventilation strategy using higher levels of PEEP and recruitment maneuvers, as compared to ventilation with lower levels of PEEP without recruitment maneuvers, prevents postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing thoracic surgery under standardized one-lung ventilation.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the initial pressure and changes of the intracuff pressure during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in infants and children during thoracic surgery.
Specific Aims: 1) Measure exhalation enthalpy in patients receiving conventional positive pressure ventilation during stable hemodynamic conditions. 2) Measure exhalation enthalpy in patients following change from two-lung ventilation to one-lung ventilation while minute ventilation remains constant.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Dexmedetomidine when used during thoracic surgery. The primary outcome will be changes in oxygenation as measured the PaO2 during one lung ventilation.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the double-lumen endotracheal tube or the standard single-lumen tracheal tube, with an Arndt® blocker, is superior in providing one lung ventilation during thoracic surgery.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that decreasing the inspired oxygen concentration during thoracic surgery requiring one lung ventilation will improve post-operative oxygenation.