241 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The primary objectives of this study are: * To determine whether rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily (bid) + aspirin 100 mg once daily (od) compared with aspirin 100 mg od reduces the risk of a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD); * To determine whether rivaroxaban 5 mg bid compared with aspirin 100 mg od reduces the risk of a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death in subjects with CAD or PAD.
Women undergoing surgical sterilization will be interested in risk reducing salpingectomy, and surgeons performing the procedure will be able to successfully complete the salpingectomy.
Morphine, when given as part of spinal anesthesia, is associated high incidence of nausea and pruritus, which may affect quality of recovery. The investigators hypothesize that long-acting local anesthetic infusions via TAP catheter can provide better quality of recovery after cesarean section than spinal morphine.
Pain relief after open inguinal hernia repair could be improved by administration of TAP block or ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block. It is unclear which one works better. The investigators hypothesize that doing TAP block closer to the middle of the abdomen would result in improved pain relief due to simultaneous block of ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerves.
The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of the an N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP, also known as acetaminophen) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) combination versus an APAP-placebo combination as an anti-pyretic agent.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patient outreach is effective at increasing compliance with preventive screenings ordered by their physician. We hypothesize that educational outreach may increase completion rates.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention (KAN-DO: Kids \& Adults Now - Defeat Obesity) encouraging postpartum mothers and their preschool-aged children to work together to promote healthy eating, increase physical activity, and reduce sedentary behaviors. Via instruction in parenting skills and behavior change strategies, the goal is relative weight maintenance in children of healthy weight, and relative weight reduction in overweight children. The intervention will focus on a child (2-5 years of age) and his or her overweight or obese mother, who has just delivered a second or subsequent baby.
This study will serve as one of the first to develop and test the effectiveness of strategies to promote HPV vaccination among diverse rural parents and caregivers of children ages 9-17 years in the Mountain West. Once implemented into practice, our intervention could significantly reduce disparities in the burden of HPV-associated cancers among rural populations in the United States. The proposed study will assess the effectiveness of clinic-based outreach to increase vaccination rates for HPV at four community clinics in rural counties in Washington. This study is a boot camp translation to tailor messaging based on patient and provider input The proposed study includes the following: (1) boot camp translation to tailor messaging based on patient and provider input; (2) PREVENT randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will assign adult parent/caregiver participants to a timeline for receiving intervention; and (3) qualitative interviews with parents/caregivers, providers, and other healthcare team members and development of best practices, implementation guides and dissemination of findings for other clinics to implement the program on a broader scale. At the end of the trial, personal interviews with parents/caregivers, clinical staff, and providers will be conducted to understand reactions to the program and persistent barriers to initiating and completing HPV vaccination.
This study will serve as one of the first to develop and test the effectiveness of strategies to promote HPV vaccination among diverse rural parents and caregivers of children ages 9-17 years in the Mountain West. Once implemented into practice, this intervention could significantly reduce disparities in the burden of HPV-associated cancers among rural populations in the United States. The proposed study will determine the components of clinic-based outreach to increase vaccination rates for HPV at four community clinics in rural counties in Washington. This study is a boot camp translation to tailor messaging based on patient and provider input. This study will refine intervention components and messages to increase HPV vaccination among rural children and adolescents (C/A). The research team will use a validated patient-engaged approach for parents/caregivers (P/Cs), Bootcamp Translation (BCT), with separate sessions conducted in English and Spanish.
The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a multi-level (youth, parent, school) Internet-based dating violence prevention program, 'Me \& You-Tech' (MYT) for 6th-grade middle school students.
As most adolescents visit a healthcare provider once a year, health behavior change interventions linked to clinic-based health information technologies hold significant promise for improving healthcare quality and subsequent behavioral health outcomes for adolescents (Baird, 2014, Harris, 2017). Recognizing the potential to leverage recent advances in machine learning and interactive narrative environments, the investigators are now well positioned to design health behavior change systems that extend the reach of clinicians to realize significant impacts on behavior change for adolescent preventive health. The proposed project centers on the design, development, and evaluation of a clinically-integrated health behavior change system for adolescents. CHANGEGRADIENTS will introduce an innovative reinforcement learning-based feedback loop in which adolescent patients interact with personalized behavior change interactive narratives that are dynamically personalized and realized in a rich narrative-centered virtual environment. CHANGEGRADIENTS will iteratively improve its behavior change models using policy gradient methods for Reinforcement Learning (RL) designed to optimize adolescents' achieved behavior change outcomes. This in turn will enable CHANGEGRADIENTS to generate more effective behavior change narratives, which will then lead to further improved behavior change outcomes. With a focus on risky behaviors and an emphasis on alcohol use, adolescents will interact with CHANGEGRADIENTS to develop an experiential understanding of the dynamics and consequences of their alcohol use decisions. The proposed project holds significant transformative potential for (1) producing theoretical and practical advances in how to realize significant impacts on adolescent health behavior change through novel interactive narrative technologies integrated with policy-based reinforcement learning, (2) devising sample-efficient policy gradient methods for RL that produce personalized behavior change experiences by integrating theoretically based models of health behavior change with data-driven models of interactive narrative generation, and (3) promoting new models for integrating personalized health behavior change technologies into clinical care that extend the effective reach of clinicians.
The purpose of this proposed study is to enhance the investigators understanding of the comprehensive psychosocial and medical needs of rural cancer patients and survivors along the cancer continuum, ultimately allowing us to address these gaps by identifying areas of support that can be bolstered by a population health navigator focused on rural populations.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate Me \& You: Building Healthy Relationships, a classroom- and computer-based healthy relationships and dating violence prevention curriculum for 6th grade students, in a large, urban public school district in Southeast Texas.
Get Connected (GC) is an online brief intervention that employs individual and systems-level tailoring technology to reduce barriers to HIV prevention care (e.g., HIV/STI testing, PrEP) for YMSM. The deployment of GC through a mobile-friendly WebApp seeks to optimize online interventions' acceptability, accessibility, availability, long-term affordability among youth. The investigators will enroll self-reported HIV-negative or sero-status unaware, sexually active YMSM (ages 15-24) across three cities and randomize them into the GC intervention condition or to an attention-control condition. Assessments will be collected at 30 days and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 month follow-up.
Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is considered to be a major surgical procedure resulting in severe postoperative pain, especially in the first 48 hours after surgery. The use of interscalene brachial plexus nerve block remains the cornerstone for analgesia following shoulder surgery; however, with the advent of local infiltration analgesia (LIA), there has been increasing interest in its use for total joint arthroplasty. Since the benefits of local infiltration analgesia within a comprehensive multi-modal analgesia clinical pathway have yet to be established for total shoulder arthroplasty, the Investigators plan to assess and compare analgesia outcomes between three intervention groups: single shot interscalene brachial plexus block (SISB), continuous interscalene brachial plexus block (CISB), and local infiltration analgesia (LIA).
This study uses an interactive design and development process to develop tailored messages that align YMSM's relationship experiences and desires with HIV prevention strategies. The study includes a tailored online prevention, intervention, as well as an attention control non--tailored HIV prevention (NTHP) comparison intervention. The pilot RCT will compare the intervention (N=120) to NTHP (N=60) to assess intervention feasibility and acceptability, and gather preliminary behavioral data to inform a subsequent application. Follow-up assessments will be collected at thirty (30), sixty (60), and ninety (90) days post-intervention.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a handheld mirror helps to reduce child behavior problems during dental treatment. It will be tested by randomized crossover design. Child participants will receive dental treatment under two conditions: during one of the treatment days the child will be given a handheld mirror; another treatment will be done without the child having the mirror. Each condition will be assign on separate days, and the day, which the child has the mirror, will be assigned by chance.
The aim of this study is to determine whether receiving a core letter signed by the Surgeon General or the Director of the National Vaccine Program that provides only information about influenza, or a core letter signed by the Surgeon General with an added basic or enhanced implementation prompt, will increase rates of influenza vaccination among Medicare beneficiaries when compared to a control group.
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of cooked navy bean powder or rice bran consumption on the stool microbiome and metabolome of colorectal cancer survivors and healthy adults.
This research study aims to develop an organizational-level intervention to enable communities to adopt, adapt, implement and sustain evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to address cancer disparities among Latinos. The investigators partner with faith-based organizations, since they play a highly prominent role in Latino community life. This three-phase study will: (1) improve understanding of the organizational infrastructure, skills and resources required by Latino churches to implement EBIs for cancer control, (2) develop a capacity-building intervention; and (3) test the intervention's effectiveness in a randomized trial.
This randomized clinical trial uses a health plan's electronic medical record (EMR) alcohol screen; and examines innovative behavioral interventions, and their cost effectiveness, for hazardous drinking within a large HIV primary care clinic. We will compare Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Email Feedback (EF) to usual care; and evaluate the effect of the interventions on unhealthy drinking, comorbid drug use, enrollment in substance use treatment programs, and HIV outcomes including antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV RNA control, and unsafe sex. Given the well-known adverse effects of unhealthy drinking on HIV care and outcomes, the proposed study has the potential to make a significant impact in the care of HIV patients.
MP3 Youth is a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a gender-specific combination HIV prevention package for youth (aged 15-24) in high burden settings. The study aims to pilot a combination package of gender-specific interventions in western Kenya in a mobile health delivery format using integrated services delivery.
The purpose of this study is to determine the Finger Blood Glucose (sugar) when dexamethasone is added to a local anesthetic for a shoulder nerve block procedure. The investigators hypothesize that there is no increase in plasma glucose when 8 mg of dexamethasone is used as an adjuvant with local anesthetic to interscalene regional anesthesia. By performing finger stick blood glucose measures pre/peri and post operatively the investigators will be able to determine if any such increase exists.
The purpose of this study is to compare ways of giving advice and providing support to improve diet and physical activity in adult primary care patients with elevated body mass index and dysglycemia.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether, for surgery of the tibia, one dose of methadone provides better control of pain afterward as compared to morphine, which is the usual drug given to control pain after surgery. Immediately after the beginning of general anesthesia ("intraoperatively"), subjects will receive one dose of either methadone or morphine, in the amount of 0.2 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, intravenously. The primary hypothesis is that, subjects who receive one dose of methadone intraoperatively will require less pain medicine than subjects who receive one dose of morphine intraoperatively.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether drug-dependent adults who participate in a dual processing relapse prevention treatment protocol that allows for sensory-based exposure experiences over 10-weeks in outpatient treatment will show significant brain change related to diminished cue reactivity, and greater improvement in self-efficacy, anxiety, somatization, and treatment retention, as compared to the standard care patients in a relapse prevention program.
This study is designed to determine if the use of 70% ethanol lock solution in central lines decreases the rate of central line infections in children with short bowel syndrome. While ethanol locks have been used safely in children, there has been no published research to date that clearly shows it is of definite benefit in this group of patients.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether message design of educational materials increases vaccination rates among participants.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and lot-to-lot consistency of an investigational hepatitis B virus vaccine, HEPLISAV™, in healthy adults 40 to 70 years of age
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patient outreach is effective at increasing compliance with preventative screenings for those patients who, based on national quality standards, have become newly eligible for screening measures. We hypothesize that educational outreach may increase completion rates.