69 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The study aims to investigate whether behavioral interventions promote cessation in adult smokers by ameliorating negative emotions and improving self-control and identify the neural markers of these effects.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the Helpers Stay Quit training on abstinence over time of newly abstinent smokers, and on the interactions they have with their personal network related to smoking and smoking cessation.
The goal of this clinical trial is to test a GPS (Global Positioning System)-enabled smartphone app (QuitBuddy) in current smokers. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is Quitbuddy a good treatment for quitting smoking and "staying quit"? * Will a second treatment that connects people to help for their social and financial needs improve Quitbuddy? Participants will: * get nicotine lozenges in the mail * check in with the study team to report on their quitting progress after 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months Researchers will compare Quitbuddy to an app made by the National Cancer Institute to see if Quitbuddy is better for helping people stay quit.
The investigators aim to address the following specific aims: * Determine the efficacy of Prog in preventing postpartum smoking relapse and reducing smoking relapse risk factors. * Examine the effects of this maternal smoking intervention on infant health. * Examine racial and ethnic differences in intervention outcomes.
This is a randomized controlled trial to prevent postpartum smoking relapse by breastfeeding promotion. The intervention group (N=30) will receive multicomponent breastfeeding intervention from late pregnancy to 6 months postpartum, while the attention placebo control group (N=30) will receive general infant care counseling and support. The key outcome is the rate of postpartum smoking relapse.
This two-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial will enroll pregnant women who quit smoking after learning they were pregnant and are motivated to stay abstinent postpartum. Participants will be randomized to receive extended-release bupropion (active 300mg or placebo once daily beginning 4 to 10 days postpartum to 12 weeks post-randomization). All participants will complete the same data collection procedures (e.g., biological sample collection for hormone and cotinine analysis and completion of validated questionnaires) at baseline (gestational week 36), weekly from 4 to 10 days postpartum through 12 weeks post-randomization and at weeks 12, 24, 36 and 52 post-randomization.
A small-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) will pilot test a personalized JITAI designed to guide delivery of fast acting nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; lozenge) in real-time, to prevent smoking relapse. Specifically, a smartphone application (app), will integrate pre-quit smoking data with objective location data captured via global positioning system (GPS) to establish relapse risk (hotspot) algorithms. During a quit attempt, the GPS-enabled app (QuitBuddy) will detect proximity to hotspots and deliver NRT prompts, all of which will occur automatically and prior to exposure. Thus, QuitBuddy will optimize NRT use to prevent cue-provoked cravings known to undermine sustained abstinence, thereby repurposing this evidence-based cessation medication to promote relapse prevention. QuitBuddy will be tested against standard care (NRT with brief instructions). Two versions of QuitBuddy will be tested, which will differ only in how hotspot algorithms are derived: retrospectively from locations recalled at the onset of a quit attempt (QuitBuddy-Recall) or based on real-time EMA completed pre-quit (QuitBuddy).
Hospitalization for elective knee or hip replacement surgery presents an outstanding opportunity to motivate people to quit smoking, because it provides an opportunity to encourage patients to remain smoke-free as they proactively quit to optimize their surgery outcomes. This study will conduct a comparative effectiveness trial of patients who quit smoking pre-operatively, comparing the current standard of care with a novel comprehensive relapse prevention intervention guided by Marlatt's Relapse Prevention Model.
This study tests whether withdrawal-related cognitive deficits increase smoking relapse among HIV-infected (HIV+) vs. HIV-uninfected smokers (HIV-). Adult smokers (N=300; 150 HIV+, 150 HIV-) will complete 2 sessions to assess cognition (24h abstinence vs. smoking-as-usual; order counterbalanced; weeks 0-2). Subjects will then receive smoking cessation counseling and open label transdermal nicotine (weeks 3-12). Outcomes are: 1) cognition; and 2) abstinence rates at the end-of-treatment.
The purpose of this research is to test a text message intervention for people who are beginning an attempt to quit smoking. The intervention seeks to teach people to think about their cravings to smoke in more helpful ways. The investigators expect that participants receiving the text message craving program will be less likely to begin smoking again compared to participants in a control condition.
This study will examine how abstinence-induced brain changes contribute to smoking cessation outcomes in treatment-seeking smokers.
Tweet2Quit is an innovative smoking cessation intervention that combines real-time online peer-to-peer support with auto messaging. In a three-group randomized controlled trial, the investigators will compare: 1) usual care, 2) Tweet2Quit-coed, and 3) Tweet2Quit-Women only.
The central objective of the project is to evaluate the effect of incorporating smoking related contexts into very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarette extinction trials on clinically relevant, smoking-related outcomes. Adult smokers interested in quitting smoking (N=80) will be interviewed and trained to take pictures where they smoke cigarettes. Following taking these pictures, participants will then be switched to smoke VLNCs while wearing a 21 mg/d nicotine patch (EXT) for three weeks. During this 3-week treatment period, half of the sample (n=40) will be randomly assigned to undergo six, 60-minute sessions of multiple context extinction (MCE+) during which they will view smoking-related environments and smoke their assigned cigarettes. The remaining 40 participants will undergo control MCE (exposure to nature environments; MCE-) and smoke their assigned cigarettes. At the end of the three weeks, participants will quit smoking and continue to wear the nicotine patch while being followed during a 10-week abstinence period. Participants will also complete a follow-up phone call 6 months after their quit day.
The primary goal of the study is to evaluate the use of a new smart phone application in preventing relapse to smoking among people with PTSD. The technology intervention will combine a mobile system to reward non-smoking, smoking cessation counseling, smoking cessation medications, and use of the smart phone app. The primary aim is to evaluate how effective this intervention is in preventing smoking relapse compared to another intervention that does not include the app.
Smoking is the main preventable cause of mortality in Western countries, contributing to over 430,000 deaths a year in the U.S. alone. Clinical and epidemiological studies show that women often decrease smoking in pregnancy, when progesterone levels are high. However, at least half resume pre-pregnancy smoking levels within weeks after delivery and when progesterone levels drop. Data from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that progesterone may be effective in preventing relapse to smoking in non-postpartum women. Prior work has shown that progesterone decreases both craving for cigarettes and the subjective rewarding effects of smoking among recently abstinent female smokers. These findings led us to hypothesize that progesterone may have efficacy as a relapse prevention treatment for postpartum women. We propose an 8-week, randomized pilot study to evaluate the safety and initial efficacy of progesterone. This will be a feasibility study that will compare progesterone to placebo for relapse prevention in 40 postpartum smokers. We will assess the feasibility and safety, including the potential effects on breastfeeding and infants exposed via breast milk, in addition to 7-day point prevalence of smoking abstinence after 8 weeks of treatment and at follow-up, 3-months after the end of the protocol.
The primary goal of this project is to investigate the potential efficacy of exogenous progesterone (with supplemental relapse prevention counseling) on postpartum relapse in new mothers. Also to determine the feasibility of enhanced compliance monitoring and identification of collateral factors effecting outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to test different ways to help cancer patients maintain their smoking abstinence. Participants may receive educational materials as part of the study.
We conducted a two-arm (test vs. control, N=160) randomized controlled trial of small, private, online support groups for quitting smoking with 20 people per group who were seeking to quit smoking. A novel feature was a bot (auto-messenger) that posted a daily cessation-related discussion topic in each group, timed to the group's quit date.
Background: - Smoking is thought to cause changes in the brain that lead to addiction and craving. Smokers who try to quit experience nicotine withdrawal symptoms that include irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating. These symptoms make it difficult for people to stop smoking. Many people say that they continue smoking to help relieve these symptoms, often within the first week after trying to quit. Researchers want to study what is happening in the brain to cause these symptoms, which may help identify new ways to successfully quit smoking. Objectives: - To study nicotine withdrawal symptoms and brain function in smokers who stop smoking for 36 hours. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age who smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day. Participants must be able to stop smoking for 36 hours on two occasions. Design: Phase 1 * This study will involve three visits to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. * NOT be able to smoke for 36 hours before the two imaging visits. * Wear a nicotine skin patch or a placebo (fake) patch during your 36 hour smoking abstinence period and study visits. * Have your blood drawn to test for levels of stress-related hormones. * Complete multiple MRI scanning sessions that last about 1.5 to 2 hours each. * Undergo EEG (brain waves) recording. * Answer questionnaires about how you think and feel. * Complete various tasks and procedures inside and outside of the MRI scanner. Phase 2 * This study will involve thirteen visits to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. * Set a quit date and develop a treatment plan with a study therapist. * Take Chantix (varenicline) every day for a period of 12 weeks. * Meet for weekly and biweekly counseling sessions with a therapist. * Answer questionnaires about how you think and feel. Phase 3 * This study will involve three visits to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. * Complete an MRI scanning session that will last about 20min each visit * Meet with a study staff member on each visit who will ask you questions about your smoking behavior and how you think and feel.
The investigators hypothesized that an enriched focus on mother-infant bonding during a newborn's hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit would reduced the rate maternal postpartum smoking relapse and would prolong the duration of breastfeeding in mothers who had quit smoking during or just prior to pregnancy.
The purpose of this study is to see if automated telephone monitoring will enhance existing quitline services, such as Alere Wellbeing's Quit For Life program, and help people quit smoking. If successful, this intervention could be incorporated into existing quitline protocols and delivered to millions of people who are trying to quit smoking.
A majority of smokers who quit return to smoking within three months of their quit date. This study is a randomized trial to investigate the effectiveness of hypnosis versus behavioural counseling to promote maintenance of abstinence or relapse prevention in quitting smokers. The hypothesis is that hypnosis will be at least as effective as behavioral counseling in preventing relapse to smoking in smokers who are able to quit for at least three days.
Varenicline (Chantix) is a smoking cessation treatment that was approved in 2006 by the FDA for treatment of nicotine dependence and may be particularly beneficial in smokers with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Early experience with varenicline indicates that it will be effective for smoking cessation in schizophrenia and in addition, has the potential to be therapeutic for cognitive dysfunction in this population. In addition, more data is needed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of Varenicline in people with bipolar disorder. To assess this possibility, we will evaluate the safety and efficacy of 12 months of varenicline in schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients who are able to quit smoking in the short term with this treatment. To do so, we will enroll 324 smokers with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder from 6 mental health clinics in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Michigan and Minnesota into an open, 12-week smoking cessation program that includes varenicline added to weekly group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Those who achieve at least 2 weeks of continuous abstinence during the last 2 weeks of the open intervention will be randomized to the relapse prevention phase: a 40-week, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of varenicline at the dose used to quit smoking added to a tapering CBT schedule. Participants will then discontinue study medications and behavioral treatment and enter a 3-month follow up phase.
This study compares the effects of a standard smoking cessation treatment, including one-time brief counseling and provision of nicotine patch plus an 8-week moderate intensity exercise program versus the same standard smoking cessation treatment plus equivalent contact control among 60 healthy women. We hypothesize that participants in the smoking cessation plus moderate intensity exercise condition will be more likely to quit smoking than participants in the smoking cessation treament plus contact control condition.
The purpose of this study is to develop strategies to maintain smoking abstinence initiated in pregnancy and prevent relapse in the postpartum period.
This study seeks to determine if continued treatment with bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) can reduce the smoking relapse rate in patients with schizophrenia.
RATIONALE: Motivational counseling may help prevent pregnant women from smoking again after pregnancy. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying three different types of counseling to see how well they work in preventing smoking relapse after pregnancy in pregnant women who quit smoking during pregnancy.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the glycine antagonist, GW468816, compared with placebo on duration of abstinence and rates of relapse in recently quit female smokers in a randomized, double-blind, five-week clinical trial. According to the investigators, the new medication, GW468816, is thought to send certain signals in the brain that may be effective in helping people stay abstinent after they have recently quit smoking. GW468816 is a non-nicotine drug. The investigators of this study hypothesize that subjects receiving GW468816 will demonstrate a significantly longer time to relapse to smoking than those in the placebo group, as measured by the primary outcome measure (see below).
Recent research on the effects of nicotine on the brain and behavior presents an opportunity to advance medication development. The purpose of this study is to develop a laboratory model for early-stage testing of new and existing treatments for nicotine addiction. Specifically, the investigators will develop a laboratory model of relapse to cigarette use in nicotine dependent volunteers.
One of nicotine's effects on the body is at the level of the NMDA receptors in the brain. Memantine is a drug that also affects NMDA receptors, making it a candidate for the treatment of nicotine addiction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of memantine using a laboratory model of smoking relapse in nicotine dependent volunteers. Investigators will compare the effects of memantine with bupropion, medication currently used to facilitate smoking cessation.