11 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This is a pilot prospective cohort study of the incidence of supraglottic pH readings.
Point-of-care gastric ultrasound will be used to measure stomach contents postoperative in patients who underwent colorectal surgery. Stomach volume and status (empty or full) will be compared retrospectively to the standard clinical criteria for diet advancement to determine if stomach volume via ultrasound is associated with successful diet advancement, nausea/vomiting, nasogastric tube replacement, length of stay, and other clinical outcomes. Clinicians performing clinical care will be blinded to the ultrasound exam results.
The purpose of this research study is to look at the effectiveness of current anesthesia guidelines regarding food and drink prior to surgery in patients who are likely to have food and drink remain in their stomach longer than might ordinarily be expected.
In modern anesthesia practice, the application of cricoid pressure during intubation is not infrequently used with the goal of preventing gastric-to-pulmonary aspiration. The evidence to support this practice is very scarce, and there have recently been many reports in the literature questioning the safety of cricoid pressure during intubation. Therefore, the goal of this study will be to randomize those at risk for microaspiration to receive cricoid pressure versus no cricoid pressure during intubation. We will specifically exclude those patients thought to be at the highest risk of aspiration (it is considered standard of care to perform cricoid pressure during intubation of this population). We will include those patients with some risk factors for aspiration (it is not considered standard of care to apply cricoid pressure during intubation of this population).
Swallowing implies the appropriate use and sufficient function of specific muscles that are also used in speech. Theoretically, if these muscles are functionally affected then phonation and vocalization should be impaired, as well. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between functions of speech and risk of aspiration as defined by swallowing function, and to investigate the diagnostic potential that functions of speech may have in predicting the risk of aspiration. This could allow for earlier stratification of ICU patients for aspiration risks. Aspiration pneumonia has been reported in more than 20% of patients with health care-associated pneumonia. There are multiple tools to assess for risk of aspiration in the ICU, yet these are time consuming, often delayed and involve advanced testing that is performed by a certified speech-language pathologist and/or radiologist. A novel 3-step phonetic evaluation was created and will be implemented on ICU patients at risk for aspiration, and the results will be correlated to the standard swallowing tests. If strong correlation is found in this pilot study, then formal clinical trial will follow to confirm that the simple bed-side phonetic evaluation could allow for earlier identification of patients at risk for aspiration, and more efficient management relative to time and resources utilization.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether patients taking GLP-1 RAs have increased residual (left behind), gastric (stomach), contents due to delayed gastric emptying when following standard preoperative fasting guidelines.
The overall goal of this project is to determine if high dose vitamin D3 given to premenopausal women at high risk for development of breast cancer, who initially have insufficient levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (\<30 ng/ml), will raise 25(OH)D levels above 50 ng/ml. If so, will certain risk biomarkers for development of breast cancer be reliably and favorably modulated?
A pilot study to assess the effects of six months of letrozole on breast tissue risk markers in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy at high risk of developing breast cancer.
The overall goal of this project is to develop an integrative system of breast cancer risk assessment based on epidemiologic and biologic risk variables, as well as to develop or refine risk biomarkers which may be useful in predicting and monitoring response to prevention interventions.
This is a pilot, chemoprevention study. Patients receive fenretinide daily for 25 of every 28 days for 4 months and tamoxifen daily for 23 months, beginning the second month of fenretinide. Patients are removed from study for unacceptable toxicity, the development of invasive breast cancer, or for dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
The purpose of the study is to externally validate the acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) prediction model (Lung Injury Prediction Score - LIPS) in a multicenter sample of patients at risk presented to the acute care hospitals: United States Critical Illness and Injury Trials Group (USCIITG).