11 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Gut microbiota has a role in cardiovascular disease and recent findings in rodents show dietary salt can negatively alter gut microbiota composition. High salt intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Americans consume dietary salt in excess of Dietary Guidelines and American Heart Association recommendations. The objective of this project is to investigate the influence of high dietary salt consumption on the gut microbiota composition in men and women.
The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of dietary salt intake on immune function in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects and healthy controls. This study primarily tests the hypothesis that higher dietary salt intake will be associated with a higher frequency of pathogenic Th17 cells and impaired function of protective regulatory T cells. If a relationship between dietary salt intake and immune function is observed, this study will also test: a) whether this relationship is unique to MS subjects or whether it is also present in healthy controls, and b) whether healthier immune function can be restored by restricting dietary salt intake.
ABSTRACT Background: It is well recognized that excess dietary salt intake plays a major role in the development of hypertension. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with excess salt and water retention (excess volume) which is associated with hypertension. Hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Dietary salt restriction will improve volume status in subjects with CKD stages 3-4 as assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Hypothesis 2: Dietary salt restriction will result in improved blood pressure control in patients with CKD stages 3-4. Hypothesis 3: Dietary salt restriction will decrease albuminuria in patients with CKD stages 3-4. Patients and Trial Design: This randomized crossover pilot study is designed to assess the effect of salt restriction on volume status in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4. Subjects will be randomized to a treatment order: (1) 4 weeks of salt restriction of \<85 mmol sodium per day, a 2 week washout period, and 4 weeks of usual salt diet, OR (2) 4 weeks of usual diet, 2 weeks washout, and 4 weeks of salt restriction. Patients will receive dietary counseling in person at each study visit and at weekly intervals by phone calls from study dieticians. At weeks 0, 4, 6 and 10, patients will undergo assessments for (i) physical examination with assessments for weight, blood pressure, pulse, anthropometrics and a standardized clinical assessment of volume status. (ii) volume status using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (iii) 24-hour urine testing for, albumin, creatinine and aldosterone Every 2 weeks throughout the study, a 24-hour urine sodium will be measured for compliance, and serum electrolytes will be assessed for safety. Data Analysis: BIA measurements in the low salt group will be compared with the regular diet group using the standard linear model analysis for 2x2 crossover trials. Additionally, 24-hour ambulatory and static blood pressure and 24-hour urine aldosterone levels will be compared between the two groups. Future Implications: A significant reduction in the degree of volume expansion (as assessed by BIA) and blood pressure as a result of a salt restricted diet would have implications for renal and cardiovascular protection and would warrant confirmation by a larger randomized trial.
The purpose of this study is to look at the effects of high- and low-salt diets on blood vessel function in healthy subjects.
Some patients with high blood pressure can experience an increase of blood pressure by 10 percent or more by taking in salt. These patients are referred to as having "salt-sensitive" (SS) hypertension. Previous studies conducted on patients with salt sensitive hypertension suggest that their portion of the nervous system responsible for maintaining normal blood pressure (autonomic nervous system) may respond differently to salt than patients with non-salt sensitive (NSS) hypertension. This study is designed to examine the response of the nervous system to high doses of salt in patients with salt-sensitive hypertension and patients with non-salt sensitive hypertension.
The overall goal of this study is to evaluate the association between sodium and TH17 cells in human subjects. The subjects will have levels of TH-17 and various hormones measured on low salt diet, low salt diet with intravenous normal saline, and high salt diet.
This is a pilot study to determine the feasibility of the study design and examine the main outcome whether low dietary sodium intake is superior to high dietary sodium intake in controlling blood pressure to be within the normotensive range in living kidney donors.
The hypothesis is to test to see if the drug fenofibrate will increase important chemicals in the body and specifically in the kidney, help to rid the body of salt by the kidneys, decrease blood pressure and improve insulin sensitivity during high-salt intake in individuals with hypertension.
Experimental data have shown that timing of sodium intake impacts diurnal patterns of sodium excretion. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the time of day for salt intake impacts (1) blood pressure rhythms and urinary sodium excretion and (2) circadian timing of factors responsible for blood pressure regulation and cardiometabolic health in obese individuals. These studies will address two aims. The first aim will test the hypothesis that limiting high salt intake prior to sleep increases day-night differences in blood pressure, improves timing of urinary sodium excretion, and improves metabolic risk factors. The second aim will test the hypothesis that limiting high salt intake prior to sleep preferentially improves rhythmicity in peripheral vs. central circadian clock factors linked to renal sodium handling. The proposed hypothesis-driven studies will determine how timing of sodium intake affects diurnal blood pressure and circadian timing of factors responsible for blood pressure control and metabolic health, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel strategies to treat nocturnal hypertension and metabolic disease in obesity.
The proposed study will determine the effectiveness of a mobile application location-based tailored notification message system in helping hypertensive patients reduce dietary sodium intake and feel more confident in following a low sodium diet.
The investigators will test the hypothesis that markers of vascular endothelial dysfunction will be exaggerated acutely with an extreme high sodium diet compared to an extreme low-sodium diet. The investigators will compare patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia (POTS) to healthy control subjects.