14 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Capacity Builders (CBI) will implement the Youth Builders PREIS curriculum Native Students Together Against Negative Decisions (Native STAND) which aims to reduce pregnancies, births, and sexually transmitted infections (STI's) including HIV/AIDS among high-risk youth populations by implementing culturally sensitive curriculum based on Navajo positive youth development. The study has two hypotheses: (1) Do students assigned to the Youth Builders program have a greater chance of abstaining from sexual activity (i.e. oral, vaginal and anal) in the last 3 months as compared to students assigned to the comparison group, measured at 12 month and 18 month follow up? (No vaginal sexual intercourse, report abstinence at 12 and 18 random assignment month follow up); (2) Do students assigned to the Youth Builders program have a greater change of abstaining from sex or practicing safe sex (i.e. using a male or female condom, or other means of birth control if they have sex), than students assigned to the comparison group, measured at 12 and 18 months after random assignment? (No sexual activity or use contraception if engage in sex at 12 month and 18 month follow up.
This study evaluates an educational web-based intervention designed to increase adolescent girls' motivation and skills to engage in safer sexual behavior (Project HEART: Health Education and Relationship Training). Half of participants will receive Project HEART and half of participants will receive Project Growing Minds, an attention-matched control website focused on growth mindsets of intelligence and self-regulation. The ultimate goal of this work is to help girls reduce their risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases and to avoid unplanned pregnancies.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the vaginal gel PRO 2000/5 causes irritation when used daily. Studies have shown PRO 2000/5 is safe and well tolerated as a vaginal gel in healthy women who are not sexually active. However, it was not determined what side effects to skin in the vaginal area there might be in sexually active women.
Alternatives For Girls (AFG's) EmpowHer curriculum is a program for pre-and early middle school girls (ages 10-15). The curriculum is gender-specific (girls), youth-co-led, and innovative (using online platforms and digitized presentation of material that targets minority/high-risk African American and Latina girls). EmpowHer addresses four adulthood preparation subjects (APS), such as parent-child communication, healthy relationships, adolescent development, and healthy life skills, and is implemented as an after-school program.
In laboratory animals, repeated cycles of abstinence from and return to alcohol drinking can lead to changes in alcohol intake. In a study of the effect of abstinence on drinking in humans, the investigators found evidence that abstinence affects drinking differently in women compared to men. In the present study, the investigators propose to study how men and women respond to abstinence, and whether this information can be used to improve intervention and prevention strategies.
An online, interactive web-based program for older teens and their parents is designed to address teen alcohol use and teen relationships. The parent-teen dyad both participate in the web-based program and engage in off-line discussion activities. This intervention promotes communication skills, refusal skills, and helps teens consider how to make healthy choices. A total of 411 family dyads (one parent, one teen) were recruited.
This study will evaluate the effect of an American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adaptation of the It's Your Game...Keep It Real (IYG) intervention, relative to a comparison condition on sexual behavior outcomes and psychosocial variables for middle school aged youth (12 - 14 years old). The original IYG program was designed for students in Houston middle schools to help students delay sexual initiation and if sexually active, use condoms and contraception. The present study will adapt the existing IYG program for an AI/AN youth cohort; the original IYG curriculum will be transferred into a web-based format and modified to incorporate additional culturally-relevant components. The primary hypothesis to be tested is: (1) students who receive the web-based curriculum will delay sexual activity relative to those who receive standard care. The major dependent variable is the proportion of students initiating sexual activity. Secondary hypotheses will examine the effect of the web-based curriculum on specific types of sex and psychosocial variables related to sexual risk-taking behavior. This project will also examine the effect of the intervention on the proportion of students who are sexually active, number of times students engage in unprotected sexual intercourse, and students' number of sexual partners.
This study seeks to decrease methamphetamine use and concomitant high-risk sexual behaviors among methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men (MSM) by combining a biomedical intervention with a behavioral intervention. The behavioral intervention will consist of an 8-week course of contingency management (CM) through which participants will be reinforced for testing negative for methamphetamine metabolites during periodic urine analyses. The biomedical intervention involves a 28-day course of an antiretroviral drug (Truvada) to be administered after an unanticipated HIV risk exposure (i.e., engaging in either receptive or insertive anal sex without a condom with someone who is HIV-positive or of unknown status). In combining these two interventions, this study seeks to evaluate the combined intervention's effects on sexual risk behaviors and methamphetamine use.
This study will develop and evaluate the effectiveness of culturally appropriate HIV/sexually transmitted disease risk-reduction interventions in reducing sexual risk behavior among young African-American adolescents.
This application is a competing continuation of a grant in which we developed and pilot tested a computerized Therapeutic Workplace designed to train and employ adults as data entry operators. A randomized trial is planned over 5 years to investigate the Therapeutic Workplace business as a maintenance intervention to sustain long-term abstinence and employment. Welfare recipients in methadone treatment, actively using cocaine, and at risk for contracting or spreading HIV infection will participate in an initial Therapeutic Workplace training phase. Participants who become abstinent and skilled will be randomly assigned to an Abstinence \& Employment, or an Employment Only group. Participants in the Abstinence \& Employment group will be employed for one year in a Therapeutic Workplace business and will have to provide drug-free urine samples to work and earn salary. Employment Only participants will be offered employment for one year, but these participants will not have to provide drug-free urine samples to work. This study will provide a rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of the Therapeutic Workplace business as a long-term treatment of cocaine addiction and unemployment; determine the benefits of requiring daily evidence of abstinence to work; and provide information on the extent to which a Therapeutic Workplace business can become self-sustaining. This research could provide firm scientific foundation for the dissemination of Therapeutic Workplace businesses in the long-term treatment of cocaine addiction and unemployment. The main hypothesis being tested is that cocaine abstinence will be reliably maintained during the yearlong intervention evaluation period only in the group exposed to the explicit abstinence maintenance intervention. We expect that cocaine abstinence in the Abstinence and Employment group will be significantly greater than cocaine abstinence in the Employment Only group.
This study will evaluate the efficacy of two curricula relative to standard care. The first is a sexual risk avoidance curriculum for middle school students that included abstinence until marriage and complies with Title V Section 510 A-H abstinence education requirements. The second is a sexual risk reduction curriculum for middle school students that included abstinence and condom/contraceptive information and skills. Each intervention consists of an age-appropriate classroom curriculum and a CD-ROM-based tailored intervention delivered in 7th and 8th grade. The overall goal of the study is to identify common elements of effective sexuality education curricula that will be of benefit to youth.
This is a randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy of two types of counseling (Computer-Assisted Motivational Intervention \[CAMI\] versus Didactic Educational Counseling \[DEC\]) to see which can better reduce female adolescents' risk taking behaviors that put them at risk for unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The intervention phase consists of three 30-minute counseling sessions over the first 6 months followed by a visit every three months during the 12 month follow up phase. We, the researchers, hypothesize that the CAMI will decrease the proportion of subjects who engage in any intercourse that is poorly protected against pregnancy and against STDs.
A randomized study is planned over 5 years to evaluate the effectiveness of the Therapeutic Workplace in promoting naltrexone ingestion and abstinence in unemployed opiate-dependent injection drug users. Participants will be offered an opioid detoxification and naltrexone induction. Participants who complete the naltrexone induction will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. Both groups will be invited to work in the Therapeutic Workplace and prescribed naltrexone for 26 weeks. The groups will differ in the contingencies imposed to work and earn salary. Work Plus Naltrexone Contingency participants will be required to ingest naltrexone to work, and will receive a brief pay decrease for missing a dose. Work Plus Naltrexone Prescription participants will be prescribed naltrexone, but will not be required to ingest it to work. This study will provide a rigorous evaluation of a novel employment-based intervention, the Therapeutic Workplace, to promote naltrexone ingestion and drug abstinence in a population of injection drug users who are at considerable risk of spreading or contracting HIV infection. Hypotheses being tested in this study are: Naltrexone ingestion will be maintained in the group exposed to the employment-based naltrexone treatment significantly more than the group exposed to usual-care treatment package. Opiate abstinence will be maintained in the group exposed to the employment-based naltrexone treatment significantly more than the group exposed to usual-care treatment package.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based HIV, sexually transmitted infection (STI), and pregnancy prevention curriculum as a stand alone intervention for 8th grade students in a large urban school district. This web-based curriculum will be adapted from the computer-based component of an existing successful prevention program, It's Your Game...Keep it Real, (IYG) but will be enhanced to include critical elements from the IYG classroom component. The primary hypothesis to be tested is: (1) students who receive the web-based curriculum will delay sexual activity relative to those who receive standard care. The major dependent variable is the proportion of students initiating sexual activity (vaginal, oral, or anal sex). Secondary hypotheses will examine the effect of the web-based curriculum on specific types of sex (e.g., vaginal, oral, anal) and psychosocial variables such as students' intentions, knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes, and perceived norms related to sexual risk-taking behavior. Secondary hypotheses will also examine the effect of the intervention on the proportion of students who are sexually active, number of times students engage in unprotected sexual intercourse, and students' number of sexual partners.