8 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 interventions using a sequential stratified randomization procedure. We will use sex (M, F) and history of suicide attempts (never, 1, and multiple) as our randomization strata. Participants will be assessed before and after the intervention to study the potential effects of each approach on suicide-related clinical outcomes.
The Administration for Children \& Families (ACF) has contracted with NORC at the University of Chicago (NORC) to conduct a study examining consumer education and parental choice in child care and early education (CCEE). The purpose of this study is to conduct case studies with up to six states, territories, or tribes to document innovative or promising strategies that help parents looking for and selecting CCEE that meet their family's needs. The research team identified select strategies to examine based on findings from an environmental scan the project team previously completed that was designed to uncover consumer education strategies that are innovative or promising in terms of reaching families, and go beyond federal requirements. The study team selected five states and one territory: California, Georgia, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Texas, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). This study collected information about (a) how and why each case chose to use the identified consumer education strategy; (b) efforts involved to develop and implement the strategy; (c) barriers and facilitators to implementation; and (d) parent's perspectives on and knowledge of the resources available to them to help look for and select CCEE. The study team designed the case studies to obtain data from people with a vested interest in or leadership role related to consumer education strategies and from parents of young children. The team designed semi-structured interviews and focus groups to be conducted via Zoom.gov with participants from each site. Example participants are CCDF administrators and staff and Child Care Resource \& Referral (CCR\&R) agency staff. Second, the study team designed virtual focus groups to be conducted with up to 20 parents in each selected site who had a child under the age of six and were using or had previously looked for CCEE. The team also developed a short web-based survey to administer to parents participating in focus groups to capture descriptive information about study participants, such as demographic characteristics and receipt of child care subsidies.
This research is studying what things change the way people think about treatment for chronic pelvic pain (CPP). The study team is also interested in whether a web-based educational and self-management program for chronic pelvic pain changes how people think about chronic pelvic pain treatments. The program contains several different self-guided modules that include cognitive and behavioral structuring, self-administration of acupressure, engaging in physical activity, and a brief introduction to pelvic floor physical therapy techniques. The study hypothesis is that patients with CPP will report that prior treatment experiences and most trusted source of medical information will be associated with baseline perceptions of various CPP treatment modalities.
The purpose of this study is to understand primary care provider's knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to promoting evidence-based cancer screening and prevention practices for physicians with large Latino patient populations. The investigators will ask providers information on cancer screening and prevention practices by conducting one-on-one interviews. In addition, they would like to develop a committee of community providers to help design and implement cancer screening and prevention programs specifically for Latino patients based on the interview findings.
Background: * Mutations detected in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have been show to produce very high risks of breast and ovarian cancer (as high as 90% and 60%, respectively), as well as accompanying risks for several other types of cancer. Women who have these genetic anomalies and who do not have cancer are aware of their high-risk status, which can have an effect on their ability to make decisions about personal choices and health care. * Researchers are interested in learning more about how people who know their cancer risk status make decisions on personal relationships, family formation, and risk-reduction options. Objectives: - To study young women s experiences and decision-making processes regarding family history, genetic testing, couple relationships, family formation, and cancer risk management within the context of their experiences as BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Eligibility: * Women between the ages of 18 and 35 years of age and older who have been identified as having a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Participants must be contemplating or have experienced couple relationships, family formation, and/or risk management and reduction. * Participants must be willing to have their interviews digitally recorded Design: * Researchers will conduct between 30 and 50 telephone interviews of study participants. Each interview will be approximately 90 minutes in length. The interview consists of open-ended questions that ask about the participants and their experiences before, during, and after they underwent genetic testing for BRCA1/2. * At least one focus group will be coordinated at a national conference for individuals who are aware of their genetically based cancer risk. If more than 25 individuals are interested in participating in the group, an additional focus group will be convened. * No medical treatments are specifically offered as a part of this study.
The primary aims of this study are to assess: 1. The inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the MINI-KID 2. The validity of the standard MINI-KID interview in relation to the parent rated pencil/paper version (MINI-KID-P) and th longer clinician rated "Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and "expert opinion" (when available). Secondary aims will include evaluating the concordance between: The Children's Global Assessment Scale (a required part of the K-SADS) with the clinician-rated Sheehan Disability Scale (to be administered with the MINI-KID) as a measure of illness severity.
The study will enroll 110 overweight and obese adolescents ages 11-16 in a lifestyle modification program focusing on dietary modification and exercise. Parents will be randomized into control and motivational interviewing-based intervention groups. The primary hypothesis is that adolescents whose parents are in the intervention group will have improved compliance, weight loss and health outcomes compared with adolescents whose parents do not receive the intervention.
The Pennsylvania Adolescent Smoking Study (PASStudy) will evaluate the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) compared to Structured Brief Advice (SBA) to reduce cigarette smoking among adolescents who smoke. MI is a brief 5 session client-centered psychotherapeutic style intended to increase "the probability that a person will enter into, continue and adhere to a specific change strategy." This will be compared with SBA, which implements Best Practice Guidelines (i.e., 5 A's and 5 R's) and assists participants in accessing the best available resources for smoking cessation.