52 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This clinical trial develops and tests a culturally-appropriate educational program (Indigenous SIPin) for reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in men affiliated with Native American athletics communities. Sugary drinks are drinks like pop, soda, and juice. Increased sugar consumption may lead to an increased risk of chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, some types of obesity-related cancers, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and dental decay. A culturally sensitive program may help reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in Native American men
We will study the extent to which soft drink information labels -- designed to curb unhealthy consumption -- are well-targeted to the most biased consumers.The study team will deploy novel methods for evaluating the targeting properties of information labels via an incentive-compatible online shopping experiment. At a high-level, we will ask whether the treatment effects of the information labels are concentrated on individuals with the biggest self-control problems and with the least knowledge of nutrition. We will first use the methodology from Allcott et al. (2019) to estimate the internality for each participant. We will then have participants make shopping decisions for soft drinks, first absent any information labels and then, for those not in the control group, in the presence of an information label. The within-subject design of the soft drinks experiment will allow us to estimate how the effects of the labels covary with consumers' internalities, and thus to determine whether the labels are well-targeted.
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dental caries. The current study attempts to explore whether an educational, science-based intervention is able to produce a measurable negative change in preferences for sugar-sweetened beverages, as well as initiate plans to reduce future SSB consumption in 12-year old children. In the first condition (SSB Intervention), participants will watch a video showing the decay of an egg in various SSBs (Coca-Cola, Sprite, Gatorade, and apple juice), followed by the evaporation of these beverages over a heat source, revealing their sugar content. In the second condition (Water Intervention), participants will watch a video showing an egg maintaining its shell in water, followed by the evaporation of water. In the third condition (Control), participants will watch a video of an egg maintaining its shell in rubbing alcohol, followed by the evaporation of rubbing alcohol. Before and after watching their assigned video, participants will complete survey questions to assess self-reported: SSB consumption intentions, attitudes toward SSBs, and health perceptions of SSBs. Therefore, the aims of this study are to (1) quantify changes in SSB consumption intentions, attitudes towards SSBs, and health perceptions of SSBs from pre-video to post-video, (2) establish the effectiveness of the SSB Intervention and Water Intervention over the control, (3) establish the effectiveness of the SSB Intervention over the Water Intervention, (4) determine the efficacy of incorporating scientific evidence in a public health intervention, and (5) make recommendations for the future application of the method employed in this intervention to future public health campaigns.
Pilot randomized trial of a technology-based intervention to reduce sugary drink consumption and promote water intake in families with young children.
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are one of the few dietary items causally linked to the development of obesity and chronic disease. SSB consumption among young adults are particularly concerning, because of the high levels of consumption and the influence of disease risk in later life. College students, particularly freshmen, are a captive audience when it comes to dietary consumption because many of them consume their meals in residential dining halls. We are currently working with Michigan Dining to implement warning labels on SSB fountain dispensers to examine whether carefully tailored signage could alter beverage choices of college students. The current study aims to assess changes in dietary intake before and after the labels are posted, in a representative sample of University of Michigan students who eat at residential dining halls.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to determine whether pictorial warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages are more effective than neutral labels at reducing parents' purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages for their children. Participants will be parents or guardians of at least one child age 2-12. The trial will take place in a mock convenience store. Participants will be randomly assigned to a pictorial warnings arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with pictorial warnings, or to a control arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with a neutral label. All participants will visit the mock convenience store setup based on their randomized trial arm and be instructed to engage in a shopping task. Participants will complete a computer survey after the shopping task.
Lowering sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is a central component of lifestyle behavior change aimed at preventing and managing obesity, yet effective reduction of SSB intakes has been met with many challenges. While their palatability, accessibility, publicity, affordability, and social acceptability contribute to frequent and sustained SSB consumption, their caffeine and sugar content may further encourage continued intake. Although adverse health consequences of excessive SSB consumption are well documented, the extent to which their pleasant taste (due primarily to their sugar content) and post-ingestive effects (due to their sugar and/or caffeine content) positively reinforce consumption among children has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to conduct a pilot intervention to examine the feasibility of removing caffeinated SSBs from the child diet and to explore whether caffeinated SSB removal induces withdrawal symptoms in 8-11 (3rd-5th grade) year old children. Participants will be randomly assigned to replace their usual caffeinated SSB consumption with either caffeinated SSBs, caffeine-free SSBs or sparkling water provided by the study team for two weeks.
Overall Goal: To determine the effectiveness of Kids SIPsmartER in improving sugar-sweetened beverages behaviors among 7th grade students. Secondary aims are to determine (1) changes in secondary student outcomes (e.g. quality of life, BMI z-score, theory-related variables, health and media literacy), (2) changes in caregiver SSB behaviors and home environment, (3) maintenance of outcomes at 19-months post-baseline, (4) assess the reach and representativeness of Kids SIPsmartER, among students and caregivers, and (5) implementation, adoption, and maintenance among teachers and schools.
This study aims to test sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) health labeling elements in an online experiment to determine which elements are the most salient among young adults.
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) like sodas, sports drinks, and fruit drinks remains a pressing public health concern in the United States. Consumption of SSBs remains well above recommended levels, and has been linked to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In response, policymakers across the U.S. have proposed requiring warning messages on SSB containers to inform the public and reduce consumption to healthier levels. While online studies find that such warnings reduce intentions to purchase SSBs, no studies have yet examined the impact of warnings on actual consumer behavior. The purpose of this randomized trial is to determine whether health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages are more effective than control labels at reducing purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages. The trial will take place in a mock convenience store. Participants will be randomly assigned to a health warnings arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with a health warning, or to a control arm in which all sugar-sweetened beverages in the store are labeled with a neutral label. Participants will select items to purchase with cash, and purchases will be compared across trial arms.
The proposed project will examine the strength, specificity and persistence of neurobehavioral adaptions that occur in the initial period of repeated consumption of a branded sugar sweetened beverage (SSB).
This study is a secondary analysis of data collected in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) that will evaluat the association between intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), juice and artificially sweetened beverages in relation to biomarkers of hepatic function, lipid metabolism, inflammation and glycemic control.
This is an online survey assessing consumer support for different labeling policies related to sugar sweetened beverages. The investigators will present consumers with three labels that are being considered for sugar sweetened beverages: a calorie label, a text warning label that says "Warning drinking beverages with added sugar(s) can lead to health problems like obesity, diabetes and tooth decay" and a graphic warning label that includes graphic images to correspond with each of the health problems listed with the text warning. The investigators will ask participants their support for each label. The investigators will also see if support for the labels change after learning of the effectiveness of these labels. The investigators will share the results of a recent field study that suggested calorie and textual warning labels had no influence on the purchasing of sugar sweetened beverages while the graphic label decreased purchasing by 11 percent.
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been epidemiologically linked to serious health problems including heart disease, liver disease, and diabetes. This study will recruit frequent SSB drinkers who are employees at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and measure markers of metabolic health on two occasions, 10 months apart. During this time, UCSF will cease selling SSBs at all campus and medical center locations. Additionally, at the first assessment half of participants will be randomly assigned to a brief intervention to help reduce SSB consumption, consisting of a 10-20 minute semi-structured interview designed to share health information about SSBs, elicit motivations to reduce consumption, and help set concrete plans to reduce consumption. The investigators will be able to compare changes in metabolic health among those who do and do not reduce SSB consumption. This will make a unique contribution to the growing evidence regarding both the effects of SSB consumption on health and the modifiability of SSB-related health conditions.
The purpose of this study is to test the effect of a novel six-month behavioral program to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among preschoolers and their mothers. The behavioral intervention tested will be delivered via a mobile-based website, text messages and email in addition to one face-to-face group meeting. The intervention will be compared to a waitlist control group. Participants will be 42 overweight/obese mothers and their children ages 3-5 living in the Chapel Hill/Raleigh/Durham area. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight in both children and mothers will be measured at three- and six-months post-randomization. It is hypothesized that children randomized to the intervention will have a greater reduction in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption at 6 months compared to children randomized to the control group.
We examined the effects of short-term (2-wk) consumption of HF- and HG-sweetened beverages in adolescents (15-20 yr of age) on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, insulin clearance, triacylglycerol (TAG), and cholesterol concentrations.
Approximately 15% of the US population is enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and 50% are children. Although the goal is to improve nutritional health, preliminary data suggest that enrollment in SNAP is associated with obesity and metabolic risks and that SNAP reimburses $4 billion annually for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This pilot project tests an innovative strategy to reduce purchase of non-nutritive, SSBs by low-income families with children by combining targeted point-of-purchase education with a randomized trial of financial incentives to discourage purchase of unhealthy beverages. The study will take place at a mid-size grocery store that is located in a low-income, Latino community and where 30% of purchases are made with SNAP. Targeted beverage education will be provided to all study subjects with a traffic-light system to identify healthy and unhealthy beverages at the point-of-purchase. Individual beverage purchases will be tracked by electronically stored cash register sales. Supplementary validation of beverage consumption will be assessed by 24 hour dietary recall. Aim 1 is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to compare purchase and consumption of SSBs by families assigned to a financial incentive to reduce purchase of SSBs with families assigned to control (no incentives). Aim 2 is to compare the purchase of SSBs by families in both arms during the study period when they are exposed to the traffic-light system to a baseline period prior to traffic-light education. Results of this project will provide pilot data for larger scale interventions to promote healthy choices among low-income families.
The purpose of this study is compare the effects of consuming glucose- and fructose-sweetened beverages on appetite, body weight, body fat, and the amount of energy the body burns as well as effects on blood pressure, hormones, blood triglycerides and cholesterol, and the body's sensitivity to the insulin.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages on blood triglycerides and cholesterol, cholesterol concentrations, and the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of discontinuation of sugar sweetened beverages on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and plasma fasting and post-prandial blood glucose in a population with type 2 diabetes. Hypothesis Elimination of sugar sweetened beverages from the diet for a 4 week period will lead to a decrease in HbA1c and plasma fasting and 2 hour post prandial blood glucose in a population with a history of type 2 diabetes and high consumption of sugar sweetened beverages. Specific aims to test hypothesis 1. Investigate how elimination of sugar sweetened beverages from the diet affects HbA1c and plasma fasting and two hour post prandial blood glucose. 2. Test the feasibility of carrying out a simple diet intervention in an outpatient population with type 2 diabetes.
The primary aim of this study is to examine the effect of a multi-component intervention, designed to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, on weight gain, total energy intake, and diet quality in adolescents. The secondary aim is to evaluate whether outcomes of the intervention differ between adolescents for whom 100% fruit juice vs. other products (i.e., soda, fruit punch, lemonade, iced tea, coffee drinks, energy drinks, sports drinks) constitutes the primary source of sugar from beverages.
A randomized controlled trial to test the effects of culturally appropriate nutrition communication delivered via different modalities for Mexican American women.
The proposed pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) will enroll 24 Black adults. The overall goal is to examine the preliminary efficacy of iSIPsmarter in a 2 group \[iSIPsmarter vs. static Patient Education (PE) website\] by 4 assessment (Pre, 3-, 6- and 18-month follow-up) design. The generated pilot data will allow us to better understand efficacy and engagement outcomes among Black participants. We anticipate trends that iSIPsmarter will be more efficacious at reducing SSB consumption than a PE website at post assessment.
The proposed randomized controlled trial (RCT) is guided by the RE-AIM (i.e. reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework and targets 244 adults from rural Appalachia. The overall goal is to examine the efficacy of iSIPsmarter in a 2 group \[iSIPsmarter vs. static Patient Education (PE) website\] by 4 assessment (Pre, 3-, 6- and 18-month follow-up) design. It is hypothesized that iSIPsmarter will be more efficacious at reducing SSB consumption than a PE website at post assessment.
Unhealthy diets significantly contribute to preventable chronic diseases among older adults. To advance the investigator's understanding of policies needed to support healthy diets, the objectives are: 1) to develop and validate an online fast food restaurant ordering application; and 2) to conduct a feasibility study for a larger randomized, controlled trial that will test healthy food policies in restaurant settings.
The goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness and sustainability of a community-participatory hydration intervention over 3 years within a district that has newly installed hydration stations and is operating under a policy designed to enhance heathy hydration practices and promote equitable access to drinking water.
The aim of this study is to compare the impact of 4 different types of front of package (FOP) food and beverage messages: 1) green labels on healthy foods, 2) red/yellow/green labels on less healthy/moderately healthy/healthy foods, 3) physical activity calorie equivalent labels, and 4) posters reminding consumers of the sweetened beverage tax on consumers' beverage and snack selections.
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand if a cultural intervention for Navajo families will improve healthy beverage habits, health outcomes, and family cohesion. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does Water is K'é results in healthier beverage habits among children aged 2 to 5, compared with children in a control group? * Does the intervention improve the health of other family members? * How does the intervention affect family well-being? Participants will take part in a four-month program at the early child education site (such as a Head Start or the Bureau of Indian Affair's Family and Child Education or FACE Program) where the child is enrolled. They will take part in lesson plans, a social media campaign, and a family water access plan. Researchers will compare the participating families with families at wait-list early child educations sites. We will collect information through surveys, health measurements, and qualitative interviews and compare results to learn if Water is K'e improves health behaviors, health outcomes, and family cohesion.
This study aims to examine consumer responses to traditional and counter-marketing messages discouraging sugary drink consumption, including effects on intentions to consume sugary drinks and perceived weight stigma. Because prior research has suggested that counter-marketing may be especially effective among younger populations, the investigators will examine effects overall and by age group (young adults \[ages 18-29 years\] vs. middle and older adults \[ages 30+ years\]).
The aim of this study is to compare the impact of 5 different types of front of package (FOP) food and beverage labels: 1) calorie labels \[control\], 2) green labels on healthy foods, 3) red/yellow/green labels on less healthy/moderately healthy/healthy foods, 4) physical activity calorie equivalent labels, and 5) "High in" nutrient warning labels) on consumers' beverage and snack selections.