15 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This study will test an intervention that was developed to improve parents\' driving instruction of teens\' hazard anticipation skills when teens are in the learner phase of licensure. Half of the parents in the study will receive the intervention and half will not. Investigators will then compare driving instructions given by parents in the two groups by recording driving sessions that parents and teens have together in that real world and by recording a drive that parents and teens will complete in a driving simulator. The driving simulator allows us to expose teens and parents to hazards they may encounter on the roadway without putting them in harm\'s way.
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of an in-vehicle driving feedback technology, with and without parent communication training, on risky driving events, unsafe driving behaviors, and subsequent traffic violations among teens who have recently received a moving traffic violation.
There is clear, converging evidence from multiple prospective studies with well-diagnosed adolescents with ADHD and comparison, non-ADHD adolescents, that teen drivers with ADHD have more accidents and other adverse driving outcomes. Available research indicates parental monitoring and limit-setting for adolescent drivers is one of the most effective interventions for preventing negative driving outcomes. For children with ADHD, interventions to promote parenting capacity to effectively oversee and intervene in teen driving will likely need to be intensive and require multiple treatment components. The present proposal aims to compare the standard care for teen drivers (driver's education classes and driving practice) to the Supporting a Teen's Effective Entry to the Roadway (STEER) program, that includes a parent-teen intervention, adolescent skill building, parent training on effective adolescent management strategies, joint parent-teen negotiations sessions, practice on a driving simulator, parental monitoring of objective driving behaviors, and the targeting of safe teen driving via contingency management strategies (i.e., parent-teen contracts). To facilitate teen and parent engagement the intervention will be preceded by a motivational interview. The specific aims of the proposal are to investigate the efficacy of the STEER program relative to a standard care group in a randomized clinical trial (N=172) on measures of objective driving outcome and parenting capacity. It is hypothesized that the STEER program will result in improved outcomes relative to the standard care group at the end of intervention and 6 and 12 month follow-up assessments.
This study, conducted at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, will examine how male teenage driving performance varies in the presence or absence of male teenage passengers. It will explore what information teen drivers and their passengers use when making decisions that affect their performance on the road. Male drivers under 18 years of age who have a Junior Operator's or Full License and have driven at least once in the month before enrolling in the study may be eligible to participate. In a university laboratory, participants sit in a 1995 Saturn sedan and operate the controls of the car just as they would those of any other car, during simulated drives in urban, suburban and rural areas. They are fitted with a head-mounted eye tracker that records their point of gaze in real time. On one drive, the subject drives alone; on another, a male passenger rides along. After the drives, the subject fills out some questionnaires.
This study will evaluate the driving performance of new teenage drivers and determine to what extent independent driving experience improves driving performance of young drivers. Motor vehicle crash rates are highest among new teen drivers, especially during the first 6 months and 1,000 miles of independent licensed driving. Crash rates decline with experience, and this study will assess the effect of driving experience on performance. Newly licensed teenagers ranging from 16 years, 3 months to 17 years of age and experienced drivers 30 to 50 years of age may be eligible for this study. Candidates must be able to legally drive in the commonwealth of Virginia and have at least 20/40 correctable vision. Participants complete a questionnaire about their health and driving experience. They are then tested on a driving test track. Teens are tested within 3 weeks of obtaining their driver's license and before they have more than 100 miles of independent driving experience. They are tested a second time 6 to 12 months later and after they have more than 1,000 miles of driving experience. A group of experienced adult drivers are also tested to provide a comparison. The driving test is conducted on a smart road - a controlled, 2.2-mile two-lane research track at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. It is designed for safety, with restricted access, nothing for a vehicle to hit, carefully placed guardrails, and other safety features. The research vehicle is equipped with airbags, anti-lock brakes, and other safety equipment. It also has sensors and tiny video cameras to assess the behavior of the vehicle and the driver; this equipment does not interfere with the operation of the vehicle. An experimenter accompanies the driver and instructs him or her to perform routine driving skills, such as stopping, changing lanes and maintaining speed, as well as to other tasks such as inserting a CD into an entertainment console, having a conversation, and answering a cellular telephone call. The driver has an opportunity to practice the tasks before being tested. The driver's speed is limited to 35 mph or less during the experiment and the driver is required to wear seat belts and follow safe driving procedures. The experimenter is in the front passenger seat can stop the vehicle using a separate brake pedal.
Research participants and their parents will be recruited to take part in a randomized control trial. Participants' and their parents' cellphone use will be observed during an initial baseline period. Participants and their parents will then be randomly assigned to one of two conditions: opt-out blocking with parental notification, opt-out blocking with bidirectional notification.
Research participants will be recruited to take part in a randomized control trial. Participants' cellphone use will be observed during an initial baseline period. Participants will then be randomly assigned to one of four conditions: education only (control), opt-in blocking, opt-out blocking, and opt-out blocking with parental notification.
The long-term goal of this research is to increase safe driving among novice teen drivers by increasing the quantity, quality and diversity of driving practice while accompanied by an adult. In order to achieve the long term goal of the study, the investigators have developed a web-based intervention program known as Teen Driving Plan (TDP) intended to support high quality driving practice.
The proposed project will focus on improving teen driver safety as motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death and injury to adolescents. If successful, research findings will lead to clear strategies to reduce motor vehicle crashes.
Four aims were pursued: (1) Evaluate the effectiveness of video messaging on adolescent donor designations in comparison to a regionally-matched historical comparison group of adolescents; (2) Compare the differential effectiveness of three commonly-used donation messaging strategies (informational, testimonial, and blended) on donor designations; (3) Examine the impact of donation messaging on changes in secondary outcomes (donation engagement, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, likelihood of donor designation, discussion with a parent) before and after video intervention; and (4) Assess the commitment of parents to follow their adolescent's donation wishes in the event of death. Our central hypotheses were that integrating donation video messaging into driver education classes would generate a higher proportion of donor designations compared to a historical comparison group and that blended video messaging (informational + testimonials) would yield a higher proportion of donor designations and more change in secondary outcomes.
This study will test the effectiveness of different types of driver training interventions for reducing young new driver crash risk early after licensure.
Our goal is to conduct a large multi-site randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a promising computer-facilitated Screening and clinician Brief Intervention (cSBI) system designed for delivery by pediatric primary care clinicians and aimed at reducing unhealthy alcohol use and related riding/driving safety risk among adolescent patients. Our setting will be the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) national primary care research network, with \>600 U.S. primary care practices having participated in recent studies. This trial addresses the evidence gap identified in the latest U.S. Preventive Services Task Force review of alcohol screening and brief counseling interventions among adolescents, and, if shown effective, the cSBI system could be widely disseminated via AAP's existing education, teaching, and advocacy platforms to its 67,000 pediatrician members, thereby greatly increasing the potential for population-level impact of alcohol screening and brief intervention for U.S. adolescents.
The purpose of this study is to examine differences in driving performance on a simulated driving assessment between novice teen drivers who receive the Risk Anticipation-Perception Training (RAPT) program and novice teen drivers who do not receive the training program.
We hypothesize that this intervention will increase the quality and quantity of parental interaction on safety driving with newly-licensed teen drivers. 250 parent/teen dyads will be individually randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a tailored, in-person intervention with a trained member of the research team, with follow-up intervention phone calls each month for the 3-month intervention. The control group will be a "usual care" group who will receive driving safety materials available to all new drivers and their parents. Parents and teens will be followed to see if intervention parents meet the intervention's driving goals and to see if the parent and teens report improved driving skills and behaviors in the intervention compared with the control group.
This study will test the effectiveness of a multimedia campaign to educate ethnic minority teens about the choice to become a designated organ donor on their first driver's license.