4 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
This is a crossover study that will examine use behaviors, chemical exposures, and biological effects of Standardized Research Electronic Cigarette (SREC) compared to usual brand e-cigarette use in natural or synthetic nicotine users.
This is an observational, crossover study that will be examine use behaviors, chemical exposures, and biological effects of SREC compared to TC use in subjects confined to a research ward setting.
Waterpipe smoking is a tobacco use method in which smoke passes through a partially-filled water jar. Burning charcoal heats the waterpipe tobacco which produces the smoke that the user inhales. Waterpipe smoking was associated with increased risk for coronary heart and pulmonary diseases. This Waterpipe Study will inform the FDA on regulating waterpipe tobacco products and reduce the harm of it use. This study will be conducted at homes of hookah smokers, in natural settings, aimed to determine the effects of waterpipe smoking practices on physiological injury markers and biomarkers of toxicity of waterpipe tobacco smoking. The investigators will employ a repeated measures design. The investigators will recruit a sample of 50 adult male and female exclusive waterpipe smokers and a control sample of 25 male and female non-smokers via intercept interviews from San Diego County, California communities. Waterpipe smokers will smoke one waterpipe tobacco head (10g) of Starbuzz during 3 separate sessions with a 7-day washout period before each session, as follows: Session 1, Smoking waterpipe tobacco using 1 quick-light charcoal and room temperature water in the waterpipe jar, Session 2, Smoking waterpipe tobacco using 1 quick-light charcoal and adding ice cubes to the water in the waterpipe jar, and Session 3, Smoking waterpipe tobacco without charcoal using a charcoal-free electrically heated waterpipe head to heat the tobacco, and room temperature water in the waterpipe jar. The following data will be collected: a) Tobacco Use History, b) 4-week Tobacco Exposure Diary, c) Waterpipe Use Session Form, d) Carbon monoxide (CO) exposure: Micro+ Smokerlyzer® CO monitor will be used for exhaled CO pre and 2 minutes post each smoking session, e) Pulmonary function testing and measuring blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate, and f) 6 first morning urine samples: pre and post the 3 sessions to measure urinary cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1- (3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and NNAL-glucuronides (total NNAL), metabolites of the lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HOP), a metabolite of the genotoxic carcinogen pyrene, and S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), a metabolite of the human hematotoxicant and leukemogen benzene. The investigators will explore exposure levels to furan, a liver toxicant and carcinogen, among waterpipe smokers via measuring its urinary metabolite, L-2-(acetylamino)-6-(2,5-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1-hexanoic acid (Furan-BDA-NAL).
This randomized early phase I trial studies how well broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement works in decreasing toxicity in heavy smokers. Broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract supplement is a dietary supplement made from broccoli sprout and seed extract powder, and may break down some of the cancer causing substances in tobacco smoke and produce substances that may protect cells from tobacco smoke-induced damage in current smokers.