7 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
RATIONALE: Decreasing the amount of fat in the diet and increasing fruit and vegetable intake may help prevent some types of cancer. Giving low-income participants easy-to-read written nutrition materials and an instructional and motivational videotape may help improve eating habits. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying how well nutrition education improves the eating habits of low-income healthy participants who eat an unhealthy diet.
RATIONALE: Decreasing the amount of fat in the diet and increasing fruit, vegetable, and fiber intake may help prevent some types of cancer. Giving participants easy-to-read personalized written nutrition materials and a personalized videotape may help improve eating habits. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well personalized nutrition education improves the eating habits of healthy participants who eat an unhealthy diet.
Objective: to test the hypothesis that an intervention comprised of targeted physician and print messages can influence parents to reduce the amount of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and fruit juice they give to their children 1 - 12 years of age.
Using an electronic health record to link the resources of primary care practices and community programs will help patients to improve their diet and exercise, quit smoking, and moderate their drinking.
Prescription for Health is a national program of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) in collaboration with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). A major goal of Prescription for Health is to measure the extent to which comprehensive strategies are effective in changing patient behavior and quality of life relative to four target health risk behaviors: diet, smoking, alcohol use, and physical activity. The funded projects will use a common set of survey instruments to help measure outcomes and draw overarching conclusions across projects. This study will only be analyzing aggregated data and does not have responsibility for recruitment of patients, randomization (if applicable), or interventions. Individual project designs may differ.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether a program of screening and intervention for four health risk behaviors (smoking, problem drinking, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet) carried out by medical assistants in primary care practices can help patients improve their behaviors. The hypothesis is that patients who receive the intervention will demonstrate higher rates of health behavior change than patients who receive usual care.
Dietary intervention and other strategies to prevent unhealthy weight gain and the development of obesity should be based on knowledge of dietary, physiological, genetic and behavioral determinants and their contributing interactions. Identifying these determinants is difficult because physiological susceptibility to specific dietary and behavioral factors implicated in unhealthy weight gain differs between populations and individuals within the populations. The research challenge is identifying specific determinants in a free-living, adult population. Understanding the interaction between diet and the underlying susceptibility factors such as physiologic, genetic and epigenetic, and behavioral factors mandate an integrated approach. This integrated approach should include understanding the interplay of physiological factors (genetics, epigenetics, taste preferences, susceptibility to energy excess, etc.) and behavioral factors (food cravings, restraint, disinhibition, physical activity) as each of these domains is a potential driving force in energy expenditure, food preference, dietary choices, and food intake. Which of these factor(s) is most important? The investigators propose that by examining dietary, physiological, genetic, and behavioral factors in an integrated fashion we will gain insight into the obesity epidemic and identify the most important determinants of weight gain. As a secondary aim, the investigators will identify a single parsimonious collection of factors and develop strategies to mitigate the risks of developing obesity.