Pilot Study of (MR) Imaging With Pyruvate (13C) to Detect High Grade Prostate Cancer

Eligibility Criteria

• * Biopsy-proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate; biopsy may be performed outside of University of California San Francisco (UCSF), if detailed results of sextant biopsy are available; a minimum of 20 patients out of a planned enrollment of 50 patients must have high-risk disease as defined by primary Gleason score of 4 or 5 on prior prostate biopsy
• * Planned radical prostatectomy at UCSF within 12 weeks following protocol MRI/MRSI
• * The subject is able and willing to comply with study procedures and provide signed and dated informed consent
• * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
• * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1500 cells/microliter (uL)
• * Hemoglobin \>= 9.0 mg/dL
• * Platelets \>= 75,000 cells/uL
• * Estimated creatinine clearance \>= 50 mL/min (by the Cockcroft Gault equation)
• * Bilirubin \< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (unless Gilbert's is suspected)
• * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \< 1.5 x ULN
• * Patients who because of general medical or psychiatric condition or physiologic status cannot give valid informed consent
• * Patients unwilling or unable to undergo MR imaging, including patients with contra-indications to MRI, such as cardiac pacemakers or non-compatible intracranial vascular clips
• * Patients who cannot tolerate or have contra-indications to endorectal coil insertion; for example, patients with a prior abdominoperineal resection of the rectum or latex allergy
• * Patients with contra-indications to injection of gadolinium contrast; for example patients with prior documented allergy or those with inadequate renal function
• * Metallic hip implant or any other metallic implant or device that distorts local magnetic field and compromises the quality of MR imaging
• * Cryosurgery, surgery for prostate cancer, prostatic or pelvic radiotherapy prior to study enrollment; no limit on number of prior prostate biopsies; prior transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) is not allowed
• * Current or prior androgen deprivation therapy; a history of use of a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor is allowed, provided it was discontinued at least one month prior to study entry
• * Poorly controlled hypertension, with blood pressure at study entry \> 160/100; the addition of anti-hypertensives to control blood pressure is allowed for eligibility determination
• * Congestive heart failure or New York Heart Association (NYHA) status \>= 2
• * A history of clinically significant electrocardiography (EKG) abnormalities, including QT prolongation, a family history of prolonged QT interval syndrome, or myocardial infarction (MI) within 6 months of study entry; patients with rate-controlled atrial fibrillation/flutter will be allowed on study