Selective Early Medical Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants: A Pilot RCT

Description

Background: Among preterm infants, those born at a gestational age less than 26 weeks are considered the most vulnerable with a high risk of short- and long-term health problems that include chronic lung disease, brain bleeds, gut injury, kidney failure and death. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common heart condition with almost 70% preterm infants in this gestational age group being diagnosed with a PDA. Though many PDAs spontaneously resolve on their own, research suggests that if the PDA persists, it may contribute to a number of these short- and long-term health problems. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen are commonly used to treat a PDA. Such drugs can also have harmful effects on the gut and kidneys of extremely preterm infants. Therefore, we are unsure if early treatment of a symptomatic PDA in this age group is at all beneficial. Given the wide variation in PDA treatment approaches in this age group, a randomized trial design, where extremely preterm infants with a symptomatic PDA are randomly assigned to early treatment or no early treatment, is essential to address this question. Purpose of the study: The overall purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a large study to explore the following research question: In preterm infants born \<26 weeks' gestation, is a strategy of selective early medical treatment of a symptomatic PDA better than no treatment at all in the first week of life? The main feasibility objectives of this study are: 1. To assess how many eligible infants can be enrolled in the study 2. To assess how many enrolled infants properly complete the study protocol Importance: To our knowledge this will be the first study on PDA management in preterm infants that specifically aims to enroll preterm infants born at \<26 weeks of gestational age who are at the highest risk for PDA-related problems but have been mostly under-represented in previous PDA studies.

Conditions

Patent Ductus Arteriosus After Premature Birth

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

Background: Among preterm infants, those born at a gestational age less than 26 weeks are considered the most vulnerable with a high risk of short- and long-term health problems that include chronic lung disease, brain bleeds, gut injury, kidney failure and death. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common heart condition with almost 70% preterm infants in this gestational age group being diagnosed with a PDA. Though many PDAs spontaneously resolve on their own, research suggests that if the PDA persists, it may contribute to a number of these short- and long-term health problems. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen are commonly used to treat a PDA. Such drugs can also have harmful effects on the gut and kidneys of extremely preterm infants. Therefore, we are unsure if early treatment of a symptomatic PDA in this age group is at all beneficial. Given the wide variation in PDA treatment approaches in this age group, a randomized trial design, where extremely preterm infants with a symptomatic PDA are randomly assigned to early treatment or no early treatment, is essential to address this question. Purpose of the study: The overall purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a large study to explore the following research question: In preterm infants born \<26 weeks' gestation, is a strategy of selective early medical treatment of a symptomatic PDA better than no treatment at all in the first week of life? The main feasibility objectives of this study are: 1. To assess how many eligible infants can be enrolled in the study 2. To assess how many enrolled infants properly complete the study protocol Importance: To our knowledge this will be the first study on PDA management in preterm infants that specifically aims to enroll preterm infants born at \<26 weeks of gestational age who are at the highest risk for PDA-related problems but have been mostly under-represented in previous PDA studies.

Selective Early Medical Treatment of the Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Selective Early Medical Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants: A Pilot RCT

Condition
Patent Ductus Arteriosus After Premature Birth
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Orange

Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States, 92868

San Diego

Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns, San Diego, California, United States, 92123

Oklahoma City

OU College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73117

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • * Preterm infants less than 26 completed weeks (i.e., up to and including 25 weeks and 6 days) of gestation
  • * no PDA on initial screening echocardiography
  • * congenital heart disease (excluding patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect with a defect size less than 2mm)
  • * other major congenital anomaly
  • * decision to withhold/withdraw care

Ages Eligible for Study

to 72 Hours

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Collaborators and Investigators

IWK Health Centre,

Souvik Mitra, MD, MSc, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, Dalhousie University & IWK Health

Study Record Dates

2024-09-30