Trident Multi-tined Cannula for Cervical MBRFA Compared to the Conventional Cannula

Description

Cervical medial branch radiofrequency ablation (CMBRFA) is an effective treatment for cervical facet pain. The efficacy of CMBRFA was proven by studies published in the late 1990's and early 2000's. Patients were selected by a strict, labor-intensive placebo-controlled, diagnostic block protocol and were treated using a conventional monopolar cannula that was positioned parallel to the medial branch, two to three lesions per medial branch nerve and both sagittal and oblique passes. Since the original CMBRFA publications, patient selection for CMBRFA is less strict, and new RFA cannulae have been developed to improve efficiency and safety while maintaining a large ablative lesion. Current clinical patient selection criteria for CMBRFA tend to be more relaxed than described in early research studies. However, subsequent research has shown that when selection criteria are too relaxed, outcomes are poorer. A recent cross-sectional study reported that when CMBRFA is done in patients selected by \>80% pain improvement after dual medial branch blocks, outcomes are similar to patients selected with a stricter selection protocol (100% pain relief) similar to the original CMBRFA studies. Although, the cross-sectional study suggests an appropriate selection criteria, it has not been used in any prospective studies. The Trident multi-tined cannula is a recent technology that produces a large ablative lesion distal to the triple-tined tip. This design allows a perpendicular/lateral approach to CMBRFA and only requires a single lesion at each medial branch. This differs from the conventional cannula, which produces it's most extensive ablative lesion along the cannula with minimal distal projection. As a result, it requires a parallel approach with multiple burn cycles at the same medial branch. The perpendicular approach with Trident and single lesion cycle at each medial branch are appealing for safety purposes and efficiency however, it's efficacy has not been directly compared to the standard conventional cannula. Problem: There are no randomized controlled trials comparing novel technologies like Trident cannula to the previously studied conventional cannula in patients selected with a more practical selection criteria. Purpose: To compared procedural characteristics, pain, and disability outcomes of CMBRFA using either a Trident or conventional cannula in patients with confirmed facet mediated pain (defined by ≥80% symptom reduction after dual medial branch block). Central Hypothesis: Trident cannula during CMBRFA will result in noninferior improvements in pain and function compared to conventional cannula but will significantly reduce procedural discomfort, time and radiation exposure. Specific Aims: 1. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful pain response (defined as ≥50% improvement in index pain) to Trident (T-CMBRFA) versus conventional (C-CMBRFA) at 3, 6, and 12 months. 2. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful functional response (defined as ≥10% reduction on neck disability index \[NDI\]) to T-CMBRFA versus C-CMBRFA at 3, 6, and 12 months. 3. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful perception of improvement (defined as a score ≥6 on the Patient Global Impression of Change \[PGIC\]) to T-CMBRFA versus C-CMBRFA at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Conditions

Cervical Pain, Cervical Facet Joint Pain

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

Cervical medial branch radiofrequency ablation (CMBRFA) is an effective treatment for cervical facet pain. The efficacy of CMBRFA was proven by studies published in the late 1990's and early 2000's. Patients were selected by a strict, labor-intensive placebo-controlled, diagnostic block protocol and were treated using a conventional monopolar cannula that was positioned parallel to the medial branch, two to three lesions per medial branch nerve and both sagittal and oblique passes. Since the original CMBRFA publications, patient selection for CMBRFA is less strict, and new RFA cannulae have been developed to improve efficiency and safety while maintaining a large ablative lesion. Current clinical patient selection criteria for CMBRFA tend to be more relaxed than described in early research studies. However, subsequent research has shown that when selection criteria are too relaxed, outcomes are poorer. A recent cross-sectional study reported that when CMBRFA is done in patients selected by \>80% pain improvement after dual medial branch blocks, outcomes are similar to patients selected with a stricter selection protocol (100% pain relief) similar to the original CMBRFA studies. Although, the cross-sectional study suggests an appropriate selection criteria, it has not been used in any prospective studies. The Trident multi-tined cannula is a recent technology that produces a large ablative lesion distal to the triple-tined tip. This design allows a perpendicular/lateral approach to CMBRFA and only requires a single lesion at each medial branch. This differs from the conventional cannula, which produces it's most extensive ablative lesion along the cannula with minimal distal projection. As a result, it requires a parallel approach with multiple burn cycles at the same medial branch. The perpendicular approach with Trident and single lesion cycle at each medial branch are appealing for safety purposes and efficiency however, it's efficacy has not been directly compared to the standard conventional cannula. Problem: There are no randomized controlled trials comparing novel technologies like Trident cannula to the previously studied conventional cannula in patients selected with a more practical selection criteria. Purpose: To compared procedural characteristics, pain, and disability outcomes of CMBRFA using either a Trident or conventional cannula in patients with confirmed facet mediated pain (defined by ≥80% symptom reduction after dual medial branch block). Central Hypothesis: Trident cannula during CMBRFA will result in noninferior improvements in pain and function compared to conventional cannula but will significantly reduce procedural discomfort, time and radiation exposure. Specific Aims: 1. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful pain response (defined as ≥50% improvement in index pain) to Trident (T-CMBRFA) versus conventional (C-CMBRFA) at 3, 6, and 12 months. 2. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful functional response (defined as ≥10% reduction on neck disability index \[NDI\]) to T-CMBRFA versus C-CMBRFA at 3, 6, and 12 months. 3. Determine the proportion of patients with a successful perception of improvement (defined as a score ≥6 on the Patient Global Impression of Change \[PGIC\]) to T-CMBRFA versus C-CMBRFA at 3, 6, and 12 months.

The Effectiveness and Procedural Characteristics of the Trident Multi-tined Cannula for Cervical Medial Branch Radiofrequency Ablation Compared to the Conventional Cannula; A Multi-site, Single Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial

Trident Multi-tined Cannula for Cervical MBRFA Compared to the Conventional Cannula

Condition
Cervical Pain
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Farmington

University of Utah Farmington Health Center, Farmington, Utah, United States, 84025

Salt Lake City

University of Utah Orthopaedic Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84108

South Jordan

University of Utah South Jordan Health Center, South Jordan, Utah, United States, 84009

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • 1. Adult patient aged ≥18 capable of understanding and providing consent in English and capable of complying with the outcome instruments used.
  • 2. Axial (non-radicular) neck pain for at least 3 months.
  • 3. 7-day average numeric pain rating score (NRS) for neck pain of 4/10 or greater at baseline evaluation.
  • 4. \*Positive responses to dual diagnostic MBB blocks using 0.5mL of lidocaine and bupivacaine, on respective encounters on separate days, at each of the appropriate MBBs.
  • * Levels selected for diagnostic procedures will be determined by the treating physician based on the overall clinical picture including the location of pain, pain referral patterns, physical examination and imaging findings. The procedural techniques of all MBB blocks will be performed according to Spine Intervention Society guidelines.(14) A pain diary with appropriate diagnostic categories of relief will be provided (100% relief, 80-99% relief, etc.), will be provided. In order to qualify as a positive block, the subject must experience relief lasting at least one hour with lidocaine and two hours with bupivacaine.
  • 1. Those receiving remuneration for their pain treatment (e.g. disability, worker's compensation, auto injury in litigation or pending litigation).
  • 2. The patient is incarcerated.
  • 3. Those unable to read English and complete the assessment instruments.
  • 4. Allergy to contrast media or local anesthetics.
  • 5. Chronic widespread pain or somatoform disorder (e.g. fibromyalgia).
  • 6. Prior cervical medial branch radiofrequency neurotomy.
  • 7. Severe clinical depression or psychotic features.
  • 8. Possible pregnancy or other reason that precludes the use of fluoroscopy.
  • 9. Daily chronic opiate use of \>50 morphine equivalents.
  • 10. Presence of pacemaker of neurostimulator.
  • 11. Systemic infection at time of procedure.
  • 12. Uncontrolled bleeding diathesis.
  • 13. Requirement of IV procedural sedation.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 Years to

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Collaborators and Investigators

University of Utah,

Study Record Dates

2026-05-01