PO vs IV Antibiotics for the Treatment of Infected Nonunion of Fractures After Fixation

Description

This is a Phase III clinical randomized control trial to investigate differences between patient with an infected nonunion treated by PO vs. IV antibiotics. The study population will be 250 patients, 18 years or older, being treated for infected nonunion after internal fixation of a fracture with a segmental defect less than one centimeter. Patients will be randomly assigned to either the treatment (group 1) PO antibiotics for 6 weeks or the control group (group 2) IV antibiotics for 6 weeks. The primary hypothesis is that the effectiveness of oral antibiotic therapy is equivalent to traditional intravenous antibiotic therapy for the treatment of infected nonunion after fracture internal fixation, when such therapy is combined with appropriate surgical management. Clinical effectiveness will be measured as the primary outcome as the number of secondary re-admissions related to injury and secondary outcomes of treatment failure (re-infection, nonunion, antibiotic complications) within the first one year of follow-up, as defined by specified criteria and determined by a blinded data assessment panel. In addition, treatment compliance, the cost of treatment, the number of surgeries required, the type and incidence of complications, and the duration of hospitalization will be measured.

Conditions

Infections, Infected Wound, Nonunion of Fracture, Injury Leg, Amputation, Internal Fixation; Complications, Infection or Inflammation, Fracture, Lower Extremity Fracture, Antibiotic Side Effect

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

This is a Phase III clinical randomized control trial to investigate differences between patient with an infected nonunion treated by PO vs. IV antibiotics. The study population will be 250 patients, 18 years or older, being treated for infected nonunion after internal fixation of a fracture with a segmental defect less than one centimeter. Patients will be randomly assigned to either the treatment (group 1) PO antibiotics for 6 weeks or the control group (group 2) IV antibiotics for 6 weeks. The primary hypothesis is that the effectiveness of oral antibiotic therapy is equivalent to traditional intravenous antibiotic therapy for the treatment of infected nonunion after fracture internal fixation, when such therapy is combined with appropriate surgical management. Clinical effectiveness will be measured as the primary outcome as the number of secondary re-admissions related to injury and secondary outcomes of treatment failure (re-infection, nonunion, antibiotic complications) within the first one year of follow-up, as defined by specified criteria and determined by a blinded data assessment panel. In addition, treatment compliance, the cost of treatment, the number of surgeries required, the type and incidence of complications, and the duration of hospitalization will be measured.

PO Versus IV Antibiotics for the Treatment of Infected Nonunion of Fractures After Fixation

PO vs IV Antibiotics for the Treatment of Infected Nonunion of Fractures After Fixation

Condition
Infections
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Indianapolis

Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202

Baltimore

University of Maryland , MD Department of Orthopaedics, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201

Minneapolis

Hennepin Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55487

New York

NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States, 10003

Charlotte

Atrium Health, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28207

Winston-Salem

Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27106

Hershey

Penn State University M.S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States, 17033

Nashville

Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37203

Houston

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States, 77030

Seattle

University of Washington Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, United States, 98195

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • 1. Nonunion of a fracture that has previously undergone fixation. A Nonunion is defined as unplanned surgery with the primary purpose to promote union based on clinical/radiographic evidence \>3 months after last fixation
  • 2. Infection as determined by either
  • 1. FRI criteria
  • 2. CDC criteria (without the timeframe) This includes the possibility of culture negative, but determined to be infection by treating surgeon
  • 3. Systemic antibiotic treatment regimen scheduled for at least 6 weeks
  • 1. Patients with a high risk of amputation based on the initial managing physician
  • 2. Patients undergoing treatment of any other investigational therapy within the month preceding infection treatment or planned within the 12 months following infection treatment
  • 3. Incarcerated or institutionalized patients
  • 4. Patients who are unable to return for required follow-up visits and/or medical co-morbidities which preclude treatment with a general anesthetic
  • 5. Patients with a prior history of chronic infection at the index site before fracture fixation
  • 6. Patients with pathological fractures from a neoplastic process
  • 7. History of Paget's Disease
  • 8. The patient, or a designated proxy, unwilling to provide consent
  • 9. The patient must be available for follow-up for at least 12 months following infection treatment

Ages Eligible for Study

18 Years to

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Collaborators and Investigators

Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium,

William Obremskey, MD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, Vanderbilt Medical Center

Renan Castillo, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Study Record Dates

2026-09-29