Melatonin and Sleep Spindles in Autism

Description

Sleep disturbances and sensory sensitivities are common disabling features of autism, but their underlying causes are not clear. We hypothesize that both of these difficulties reflect disrupted communication between a deep brain structure, the thalamus, and the brain's outer layer, the cortex. This communication is mediated by the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Due to its small size and location deep in the brain, we cannot assess TRN function without invasive techniques. Fortunately, sleep spindles, a specific brain rhythm provide a noninvasive read-out of TRN function. In Aim 1 we will examine whether reduced sleep spindles are related to worse sleep quality, impaired selective attention during wake, and sensory sensitivities in children with autism. In Aim 2, we will determine whether melatonin, which is commonly used to improve sleep, also increases sleep spindles in autism. If successful, this study will introduce TRN as a target for treatment of sleep disruption and guide larger home-based sleep studies.

Conditions

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

Sleep disturbances and sensory sensitivities are common disabling features of autism, but their underlying causes are not clear. We hypothesize that both of these difficulties reflect disrupted communication between a deep brain structure, the thalamus, and the brain's outer layer, the cortex. This communication is mediated by the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Due to its small size and location deep in the brain, we cannot assess TRN function without invasive techniques. Fortunately, sleep spindles, a specific brain rhythm provide a noninvasive read-out of TRN function. In Aim 1 we will examine whether reduced sleep spindles are related to worse sleep quality, impaired selective attention during wake, and sensory sensitivities in children with autism. In Aim 2, we will determine whether melatonin, which is commonly used to improve sleep, also increases sleep spindles in autism. If successful, this study will introduce TRN as a target for treatment of sleep disruption and guide larger home-based sleep studies.

The Effects of Melatonin on Sleep Spindles in Children With Autism

Melatonin and Sleep Spindles in Autism

Condition
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Boston

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • * Male and female subjects with ASD
  • * 12-18 years of age
  • * English speaking
  • * Able to understand and respond to questionnaires in English
  • * Pregnant or breastfeeding
  • * Substance abuse or dependence within the past six months (nicotine abuse or dependence is not exclusionary)
  • * Chronic medical conditions that affect sleep
  • * Any unstable chronic medical condition such as asthma, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, or cardiac disease
  • * History of head injury resulting in prolonged loss of consciousness or other neurological sequelae
  • * IQ \<70
  • * Other neurological disorder, including seizure disorder
  • * Diagnosed sleep disorder
  • * Known genetic causes of ASD
  • * Currently taking melatonin or those who have had an adverse reaction to melatonin in the past

Ages Eligible for Study

12 Years to 18 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Collaborators and Investigators

Massachusetts General Hospital,

Dara Manoach, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, Professor

Study Record Dates

2025-06-30