Effectiveness of Cognitive Training in Older and Younger Adults

Eligibility Criteria

• * Self-reported normal or corrected-to-normal vision
• * No known neurological impairments
• * Abnormal visual acuity prohibitive of training
• * History of seizures, focal brain lesion, or head injury with loss of consciousness in the past year
• * Physical handicap (motor or perceptual) that would impede training procedures
• * Medical illness requiring treatment during the study timeline
• * Social, educational or economic hardship prohibitive to training schedule
• * Concurrent enrollment in other cognitive training studies
• * History of major psychiatric illness, including psychosis, bipolar disorder, alcohol or substance abuse, recent bereavement
• * Score of 5 or more (i.e. presence of mild, moderate, or severe depression) on the Patient Health Screening Questionnaire (PHQ-9 Depression Screening); any participants reporting suicidal tendencies will be immediately referred to the site-specific Emergency Psychiatry Services (24-hour availability), and those with high depressive symptoms will be referred to their personal physician
• * Current alcohol consumption that exceeds 14 drinks per week
• * Illicit drug use
• * Plans to travel out of the area for more than 1 week during the intervention period
• * Residence too far from the testing site, which would prevent attending the testing sessions (\> 60 miles)
• * Not being proficient enough in English that would prevent following and understanding all instructions and completing all testing sessions (typically, participants would need to have learned English before age 11; there might be some exceptions that will be decided on a case-by-case basis).
• * Diagnosis of dementia or other neurological disease, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
• * Score \< 26 (out of 30) on the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE)
• * Score \< 18 (out of 22) on the Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA).