Cottonseed Oil Versus Matched PUFA Effects

Description

Cardiovascular disease risk factors, including higher BMIs and poor cholesterol profiles, are on the rise and contribute to the United States' growing disease burden. Cottonseed oil (CSO) is found readily in the food supply, and the investigator's previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating CSO into the diet is sufficient to improve fasting cholesterol profile and improve postprandial lipid and/or glycemic responses in both healthy, and at-risk populations. This study aims to compare CSO to a fatty acid composition-matched diet, on changes in fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism and markers of chronic disease risk. The specific aims are: * Examine the impact of CSO vs. PUFA on fasting and postprandial lipids. * Examine the impact of CSO on other markers of chronic disease risk. Participants will be asked to: * Consume provided meal replacement shakes daily for 28-days. * Attend three weekly short visits for fasting blood draws, body measurements, and collect the next week of study materials, * Attend two longer (5.5h) testing visits which include eating a standardized breakfast meal and having blood drawn periodically before and after breakfast. Researchers will compare CSO vs. PUFA and control groups (receiving a mixture of oils) to see if CSO is unique in imparting health benefits when compared with similar matched oil diets.

Conditions

Dyslipidemia, Overweight and Obesity, Nutrition, Healthy

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Study Overview

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Study Details

Study overview

Cardiovascular disease risk factors, including higher BMIs and poor cholesterol profiles, are on the rise and contribute to the United States' growing disease burden. Cottonseed oil (CSO) is found readily in the food supply, and the investigator's previous studies have demonstrated that incorporating CSO into the diet is sufficient to improve fasting cholesterol profile and improve postprandial lipid and/or glycemic responses in both healthy, and at-risk populations. This study aims to compare CSO to a fatty acid composition-matched diet, on changes in fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism and markers of chronic disease risk. The specific aims are: * Examine the impact of CSO vs. PUFA on fasting and postprandial lipids. * Examine the impact of CSO on other markers of chronic disease risk. Participants will be asked to: * Consume provided meal replacement shakes daily for 28-days. * Attend three weekly short visits for fasting blood draws, body measurements, and collect the next week of study materials, * Attend two longer (5.5h) testing visits which include eating a standardized breakfast meal and having blood drawn periodically before and after breakfast. Researchers will compare CSO vs. PUFA and control groups (receiving a mixture of oils) to see if CSO is unique in imparting health benefits when compared with similar matched oil diets.

Health Effects of Cottonseed Oil Versus Matched Composition Diets in Humans

Cottonseed Oil Versus Matched PUFA Effects

Condition
Dyslipidemia
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Athens

University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States, 30602

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • * 25-75 year-old men and women at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Increased risk for cardiovascular disease will be defined by either elevated cholesterol profiles -or- overweight/obesity.
  • * Elevated cholesterol profiles will be defined as:
  • * "High" in total cholesterol (240 mg/dL and higher), LDL (160 mg/dL or higher), or triglycerides (between 200-350 mg/dL).
  • * Probable familial hypercholesterolemia, defined by: total cholesterol greater than 290 mg/dL or LDL levels greater than 190 mg/dL plus a family history of myocardial infarction (MI) before 50 years of age in a 2nd-degree relative or below age 60 in a 1st-degree relative.
  • * Women on hormone replacement therapy less than 2 years.
  • * Women who are pregnant
  • * individuals who regularly exercise more than 3h/w
  • * weight gain or loss of more than 5% body weight in the past 3 months
  • * plans to begin a weight loss/exercise regimen during the trial
  • * history of medical or surgical events that could affect digestion or swallowing
  • * gastrointestinal surgeries, conditions, or disorders
  • * any chronic diseases (including moderate to severe asthma, chronic lung disease, and kidney disease),
  • * metabolic disease
  • * atherosclerosis
  • * previous MI or stroke
  • * cancer
  • * fasting blood glucose levels greater than 126 mg/dL
  • * blood pressure greater than 180/120 mmHg
  • * medication use affecting digestion an absorption, metabolism (e.g. thyroid meds), lipid-lowering medications, medications for diabetes, steroid/hormone therapies, or current antibiotic cycles
  • * medically prescribed or special diets
  • * Food allergies (specific to the foods in the study, including wheat, dairy, and cottonseed oil)
  • * fish oil supplements
  • * excessive alcohol use (greater than 3 drinks/day for men; greater than 2 drinks/day for women)
  • * tobacco or nicotine use
  • * underweight BMI (\<18.5 kg/m²)

Ages Eligible for Study

25 Years to 75 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Collaborators and Investigators

University of Georgia,

Jamie Cooper, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Georgia

Study Record Dates

2028-05