Examining Stress Salivary Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures

Description

Pediatric patients are susceptible to show signs of fear. One of the scenarios that have always been a source of fear is undergoing a dental procedure. Fear of undergoing dental procedure has been addressed as "dental fear", which can lead to avoidance of receiving dental care and may result to a decline in proper oral hygiene. Fear stimulates multiple cerebral responses and can be often related to an increased stress level. Stress level fluctuations during dental procedures can be examined by blood and salivary biomarkers. Given accessibility and minimal invasiveness, the collection of saliva samples constitutes an easy and cost-effective diagnostic method to investigate a variety of oral and systemic conditions. Cortisol and alpha amylase are present within the saliva and their levels are supposedly influenced by stress. In contrast, salivary IgA is not known to be influenced by stress level and can be used in comparison as a non-stress salivary biomarker. Fear of dental appointments is a well-known cause of stress and activation of the sympathetic nervous system in adolescents undergoing dental procedure. However, the examination of stress and stress-related factors in young individuals attending their first dental appointment compared to young individuals who present for an orthodontic application is largely understudies. Therefore, the aims of the study are: 1) to measure stress salivary biomarkers in pediatric patients before undergoing dental and/or orthodontic procedures; 2) assess whether subjective stress to dental treatment (as measured by dental anxiety, stress, and dental fear) is associated with objective stress measurements (as measured by collection of stress salivary biomarkers).

Conditions

Dental Anxiety, Dental Fear, Stress, Pediatric Population

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

Pediatric patients are susceptible to show signs of fear. One of the scenarios that have always been a source of fear is undergoing a dental procedure. Fear of undergoing dental procedure has been addressed as "dental fear", which can lead to avoidance of receiving dental care and may result to a decline in proper oral hygiene. Fear stimulates multiple cerebral responses and can be often related to an increased stress level. Stress level fluctuations during dental procedures can be examined by blood and salivary biomarkers. Given accessibility and minimal invasiveness, the collection of saliva samples constitutes an easy and cost-effective diagnostic method to investigate a variety of oral and systemic conditions. Cortisol and alpha amylase are present within the saliva and their levels are supposedly influenced by stress. In contrast, salivary IgA is not known to be influenced by stress level and can be used in comparison as a non-stress salivary biomarker. Fear of dental appointments is a well-known cause of stress and activation of the sympathetic nervous system in adolescents undergoing dental procedure. However, the examination of stress and stress-related factors in young individuals attending their first dental appointment compared to young individuals who present for an orthodontic application is largely understudies. Therefore, the aims of the study are: 1) to measure stress salivary biomarkers in pediatric patients before undergoing dental and/or orthodontic procedures; 2) assess whether subjective stress to dental treatment (as measured by dental anxiety, stress, and dental fear) is associated with objective stress measurements (as measured by collection of stress salivary biomarkers).

Examining Stress Salivary Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures. A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Examining Stress Salivary Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures

Condition
Dental Anxiety
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Downers Grove

Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, United States, 60515

Downers Grove

Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, United States, 60515

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • * Children between the ages of 7 and 17
  • * Ability to read and speak English language
  • * Patients seen for a first visit at the pediatric or orthodontic departments of the dental institute of the Multispecialty Clinic at Midwestern University with a scheduled future appointment to start treatment in the pediatric or orthodontic department
  • * Older than 17 years of age or younger than 7 years of age
  • * Unable to read and speak English language
  • * Have any major health conditions or history of mental illness
  • * Being a returning patient in the pediatric or orthodontic department of the dental institute of the Multispecialty Clinic at Midwestern University
  • * Taking any systemic medications that would cause a change in salivary flow (e.g., oxybutynin, protein pump inhibitors)

Ages Eligible for Study

7 Years to 17 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Collaborators and Investigators

Midwestern University,

Study Record Dates

2025-05-30