Language Outcomes, Mechanisms, and Trajectories in Adults With and Without Developmental Language Disorder

Description

The investigators' overall objective is to characterize the long-term outcomes of Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) in adulthood and to identify specific cognitive mechanisms mediating these outcomes. To address their objectives, the investigators utilize a large, pre-existing dataset and participant pool from one of the most comprehensive examinations of DLD to date: the Iowa Longitudinal Study. The investigators will re-recruit subjects with DLD and with typical language from this historic cohort, who are now adults (30-35 years old). In Aim 1, the investigators will use measures from kindergarten through 10th grade and collect new outcome measures in adulthood to characterize the long-term outcomes of DLD. The investigators predict that adults with DLD will diverge from adults with TL in language skills that are more complex and higher-level language skills that are important for communication in the workplace. Further, the investigators predict a fanning effect: some children with DLD will "catch up" to their TL peers in adulthood, some will show evidence of a decline, and others will show stable trajectories. In Aim 2, the investigators measure real-time competition across written and spoken language using eye-tracking. According to speed of processing accounts adults with DLD may be slower than their TL peers to activate competitors and targets. According to working memory accounts adults with DLD will show sustained competitor activation. Further, the investigators predict that measures related to the dynamics of competition (speed of activation and timing of competitor suppression) will account for variation in language outcomes in adults.

Conditions

Developmental Language Disorder

Study Overview

Study Details

Study overview

The investigators' overall objective is to characterize the long-term outcomes of Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) in adulthood and to identify specific cognitive mechanisms mediating these outcomes. To address their objectives, the investigators utilize a large, pre-existing dataset and participant pool from one of the most comprehensive examinations of DLD to date: the Iowa Longitudinal Study. The investigators will re-recruit subjects with DLD and with typical language from this historic cohort, who are now adults (30-35 years old). In Aim 1, the investigators will use measures from kindergarten through 10th grade and collect new outcome measures in adulthood to characterize the long-term outcomes of DLD. The investigators predict that adults with DLD will diverge from adults with TL in language skills that are more complex and higher-level language skills that are important for communication in the workplace. Further, the investigators predict a fanning effect: some children with DLD will "catch up" to their TL peers in adulthood, some will show evidence of a decline, and others will show stable trajectories. In Aim 2, the investigators measure real-time competition across written and spoken language using eye-tracking. According to speed of processing accounts adults with DLD may be slower than their TL peers to activate competitors and targets. According to working memory accounts adults with DLD will show sustained competitor activation. Further, the investigators predict that measures related to the dynamics of competition (speed of activation and timing of competitor suppression) will account for variation in language outcomes in adults.

Language Outcomes, Mechanisms, and Trajectories in Adults With and Without Developmental Language Disorder

Language Outcomes, Mechanisms, and Trajectories in Adults With and Without Developmental Language Disorder

Condition
Developmental Language Disorder
Intervention / Treatment

-

Contacts and Locations

Iowa City

Wendell Johnson Speech and Hearing Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52245

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

For general information about clinical research, read Learn About Studies.

Eligibility Criteria

  • * Adults with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and those with typical language (TL) between the ages of 28 and 40 years who participated in the Iowa Longitudinal Study(NIH-DC-19-90 \& P50 DC002746; IRB# 200106051, "Collaboration on Specific Language Impairment".)
  • * Aged 30-35
  • * Normal or corrected to normal vision
  • * Normal hearing
  • * history of brain injury
  • * history of neural developmental disabilities
  • * not monolingual

Ages Eligible for Study

30 Years to 35 Years

Sexes Eligible for Study

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Collaborators and Investigators

University of Iowa,

Stewart McCauley, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Iowa

Si On Yoon, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Iowa

Philip Combiths, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Iowa

J. Bruce Tomblin, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Iowa

Jacob Oleson, PhD, PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR, University of Iowa

Study Record Dates

2027-07