77 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The success of psychological therapy can be impacted by patients' beliefs, such as their belief in their own ability to complete therapy and their belief that therapy will work. The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether and when scientific information about distress and coping can affect beliefs about psychological therapy in adults who experience anxiety. This study will compare two different types of scientific information in a one-hour study. Participants will view educational videos for 30 minutes and complete surveys, including quiz questions about the videos and surveys about their beliefs about psychological therapy.
Genomic research has shown that a portion of leiomyosarcomas can be attributed to an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome. However, the optimal approach for incorporating germline testing into the care of these patients. This study is assessing the beliefs about the heritability of leiomyosarcoma and other cancer risks, and attitudes towards germline testing among leiomyosarcoma patients.
Many studies have consistently shown that females across sports under consume carbohydrate. Registered dietitians working with athletes have also reported female athletes chronically under consume carbohydrate. The primary objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of education versus education plus interpreted individual metabolic (exercise) testing results to change attitudes and beliefs of female athletes regarding carbohydrate intake. The secondary objective is to assess the effectiveness of the education alone on attitudes and beliefs towards consuming carbohydrate in female athletes. The study hypothesis is that education alone will not significantly impact attitudes and beliefs, and that metabolic testing and the interpretation of the individual results will alter attitudes and beliefs toward carbohydrate intake.
The goal of this clinical trial is to test the effect of digitally delivered programs on the health, wellbeing, and functioning of newly diagnosed cancer patients. Participants will be randomized to one of two digital programs. Both groups are equally important for the study. Participants will be asked to complete: * Questionnaires. Answers to the questionnaires will help the investigators understand how participants doing through the study. * Modules. Participants will receive access to digital courses developed by experts at Stanford University. * Blood Samples. At home blood collection kits will help the investigators understand how participants' bodies are responding over time. Kits will be sent and returned by mail.
The goal of this study is to examine the effects of framed mobile messages on young adults' beliefs about their daily Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS), intentions to take their ICS, adherence, and asthma control. College students (18-29 years) who owned a mobile phone and had a diagnosis of asthma with a prescription for an ICS will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to receive either gain- or loss-framed mobile messages three times per week for eight weeks. Outcomes including beliefs, intentions, adherence, and asthma control will be assessed.
Previous studies prior to the COVID-19 pandemic show that cardiovascular and blood pressure assessment by physical therapists is inadequate or lacking despite prior training. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, assessment of cardiovascular and respiratory function may become more critical as the manifestation of long COVID has become a concern. The purpose of this study is to determine whether physical therapists' attitudes and beliefs towards vital sign assessment have changed following the COVID-19 pandemic.
To better understand how people think and feel about prescribed pain medication, including opioids.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of nicotine messaging and nicotine content of study cigarettes on nicotine beliefs and subsequent use of tobacco and nicotine products.
This study investigates parents' attitudes and beliefs on the risks of opioid use in children with cancer. Pain is the common symptom reported by pediatric cancer patients. Opioids are the mainstay in the treatment of cancer-related pain. Despite an almost universal desire to prevent or mitigate pain in their children, parents exhibit complex behaviors from withholding prescribed opioids entirely to giving less than the prescribed analgesic dose of opioid to discontinuing despite ongoing pain. Information gathered from this study may help address a crucial knowledge gap in researchers' understanding of parental attitudes and beliefs regarding the risks associated with opioid use in children and adolescents.
Gene therapy is a paradigm-shifting treatment for hemophilia B patients, particularly in resource-limited countries where factor availability remains low. Transparent and culturally sensitive communication around gene therapy is vital to the success of a high-quality consenting process. Current literature on knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about gene therapy in resource-limited countries is inadequate. In addition, few educational resources to explain basic gene therapy concepts exist in languages other than English. This study aims to address these gaps in knowledge and aid for the development of educational resources to assist the informed consent processes for gene therapy in resource-limited countries. Primary Objective: To assess baseline knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about gene therapy held by hemophilia B patients globally Secondary Objectives: 1. To explore healthcare workers' (i.e., physicians, nurses, social workers, educators/academic coordinators) perspectives regarding the education needs of hemophilia B patients globally 2. To explore healthcare workers beliefs and attitudes about gene therapy 3. To identify preferences of patients with hemophilia B and their healthcare workers on how/by what method or pathway educational content should be provided.
Participants will complete a survey (The Family Supports and Beliefs Survey), which will measure their existing beliefs about the role of societal resources in supporting families and young children. Participants will randomly see one of four fictional scenarios and then be asked questions related to that scenario as well as items related to stress and self-efficacy. We hypothesize that the type of scenario a participant is presented with before taking a survey may affect how they answer subsequent questions. This survey is being administered as part of a broader project designed to test items that are being developed for a new measure, the Survey of Parent/Provider Expectations and Knowledge Computer Adaptive Test (SPEAK CAT).
The Building Resilience and Vital Equity (BRAVE) project seeks to partner with American Indian tribal communities in North Carolina to establish COVID-19 services and resources for American Indian communities. The goal of this study is to 1) understand the barriers and social implications of COVID19 testing and vaccination among American Indians by designing and implementing culturally sensitive survey tools and intervention materials; 2) Implement BRAVE outreach and testing interventions to increase testing in American Indian communities; 3) analyze data and share back with tribal communities to improve perceptions of COVID-19 testing in the AI community and decrease in vaccine hesitancy.
The purpose of this research is to better understand people's health and diet knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and practices. The researchers will use this information to implement better strategies to help Americans maintain more nutritious diets.
This is a 2-arm, randomized controlled, population based trial to test the impact of multiple exposures to brief nicotine corrective messages among adult tobacco cigarette smokers and non-smokers followed in waves over 12 weeks. The primary outcome, assessed at wave 1 (baseline), wave 2 (weeks 5-6), and wave 4 (weeks 11-13) is nicotine beliefs. Secondary outcomes assessed at the same time points include intention to use nicotine/tobacco products and nicotine/tobacco use.
The study will provide important insight into current HPV vaccine knowledge/awareness, health beliefs, affect, vaccine discussions, decision preparedness, and vaccine intentions and behaviors among those ages 18-45, while examining potential differences in responses between those ages 18-26 and those ages 27-45 and vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
This is a randomized prospective study assessing the impact of psychosocial factors on pain and physical performance among adolescents with patellofemoral pain. A set of psychosocial surveys assessing fear avoidance beliefs, kinesiophobia, and pain catastrophizing will be completed by the participant/parents. Participants will then complete an activity questionnaire, numeric pain rating scale, and a self-report questionnaire of functional ability. Participants will then be randomized into one of two groups (psychologically informed education group and a control group). Participants will view a series of educational videos (based upon group assignment) and complete physical therapy exercises for lower extremity strengthening, flexibility, and neuromuscular control. Participants with patellofemoral pain will then complete follow-up surveys of their psychosocial beliefs, pain and self-reported functional ability through REDcap at immediately post-intervention, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months.
The purpose of this study is to examine how Bayesian belief updating changes throughout psychotherapeutic treatment for persecutory delusions. Specifically, individuals with a psychotic disorder diagnosis who endorse both a current persecutory delusion with strong conviction and significant worry will be recruited and randomized to receive either a CBT-based worry intervention for persecutory delusions or an active control condition (befriending therapy). The investigators will examine: 1) whether belief updating parameters change as delusion severity changes, 2) whether CBT contributes to greater change in belief updating parameters than befriending therapy, and 3) whether neural correlates of belief updating parameters, as measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), predict treatment response.
This study is being done to determine typical breakfast consumption habits in various populations of exercisers. Participants will be asked a series of questions pertaining to their participation in regular exercise, their current breakfast consumption, food preferences, meal timing, and general knowledge of sports nutrition and pre-exercise breakfast consumption.
This double-masked, 2-year, single-site, phase II RCT will test the efficacy of DREAM (Diabetes Regulation for Eye Sight and Memory to prevent cognitive decline in African Americans (AAs) with amnestic multiple domain mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and poorly controlled diabetes (i.e., hemoglobin A1c \[HbA1c\] level ≥ 7.5%). Participants will be randomized to DREAM \[11 home-based treatment sessions with a community health worker (CHW), and 4 telehealth visits with a Diabetes Nurse Educator over 2 years\] or Enhanced Usual Care (EUC), which is usual care enhanced with home-based diabetes education. The primary outcome is decline in verbal memory over 2 years. Follow-up data will be collected at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. In addition, participants will have ophthalmology assessments (at Wills) at baseline, 12 and 24 months to determine whether retinal Vessel Area Density, and/or Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer thickness mediate DREAM's treatment effect.
This trial studies the attitudes and beliefs of high risk patients and caregivers regarding the prescription of intranasal naloxone spray for opioid overdose. Knowledge regarding high risk patients' and caregivers' beliefs and attitudes regarding co-prescription of naloxone spray with opioids may help to identify barriers to prescribing and helping tailor the education to better meet the needs of patients and caregivers.
Migraine patients are oftentimes referred for evidence based behavioral therapies to prevent migraine. Yet, at follow-up visits, they report not seeing the behavioral therapist. This is a pilot feasibility acceptability study to assess whether motivational interviewing (MI) can be implemented in the headache center setting to help improve initiation and adherence to behavioral therapy for migraine. We will also assess patients' reasons for making/not making the appointment.
The goal of this study is to adapt and test the feasibility and potential efficacy of a theory-driven pre-implementation intervention to address individual-level barriers to EBP implementation - Beliefs and Attitudes for Successful Implementation in Schools (BASIS) - designed to improve school mental health providers' implementation of EBPs. BASIS is intended to be a feasible and scalable first-line or adjunctive implementation enhancement intervention that is facilitative of other efforts (e.g., organizational interventions) that target high quality EBP implementation. Aims of this study are to: (1) Adapt an existing, theory-driven implementation intervention (BASIS), previously used with educators, to improve the EBP implementation behaviors of school mental health providers; and (2) Assess the viability of a later clinical trial by: (a) establishing the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the BASIS intervention among school mental health providers, and (b) Pilot testing BASIS, as compared to an Attention Control, delivered as pre-implementation intervention prior to training in a specific, existing EBP. Key organizational factors (e.g., implementation climate) will also be evaluated and included as covariates and we will explore trends in the data to inform the design of a larger trial. Ultimately, BASIS offers an innovative and scalable approach to improving school mental health providers' uptake and use of EBPs in order to increase the number of youth with mental health problems who receive high quality services.
Regular aerobic exercise is associated with reduced risk of multiple cancers, yet the majority of adults are inactive. Across health behavior theories, the expectations people have about the outcomes of exercise influence their decision to exercise. Extending prior work, a fine-grained analysis of the relationship between perceived outcomes and daily exercise behavior will be achieved using ecological momentary assessment methods to measure perceived outcomes, and accelerometry to measure exercise objectively. The results of this research will inform exercise promotion efforts by determining how perceptions and temporal factors interact to predict exercise behavior.
This study uses an intervention mixed methods design. The overall purpose is to improve medication adherence and assess the clinical impact on diabetes outcomes among patients with uncontrolled diabetes. We will examine if usual care combined with a clinic-based health literacy/psychosocial support intervention improves medication adherence compared to usual care alone. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital in Madison, targeting individuals with uncontrolled diabetes. The patient-centered health literacy intervention will focus on enhancing patients' self-efficacy and addressing patients' negative beliefs in medicine and illness.
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by a genetic defect that affects how hemoglobin is made. Due to this, people with SCD have abnormally-shaped red blood cells, which can result in poor oxygen transport in the body and increase risk of blood clots. CRISPR Cas9 is a new tool which allows scientists to snip and edit genes in a way that is faster, cheaper, and more precise than other gene-editing tools. Recently, research has been done using CRISPR Cas9 to correct the sickle cell gene in animal models and human cells. Researchers want to understand the views of those with SCD, parents of people with SCD, and the providers of these patients regarding use of CRISPR Cas9 in clinical trials and treatment. Objectives: To study the attitudes, beliefs, and opinions of those with SCD, parents of those with SCD, and providers on the use of CRISPR Cas9 gene-editing. An additional purpose of this study is to assess the utility of an educational tool for improving understanding of CRISPR Cas9. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older who speak English and either have SCD, are a parent of someone with SCD, or are a physician for people with SCD. Design: Participants will be screened via phone. Those with SCD will be screened with data from their SCD genotype. Participation lasts about 2 hours. Participants will fill out three surveys. Participants will watch a video about CRISPR Cas9. Participants will engage in a focus group session. This will be audiotaped and analyzed. The data from the survey questions and focus groups may be used for future research. However, all personally identifiable information will be removed before data is shared. Participants data will be identified with a code number instead of their name. Participants may be invited to join future studies of SCD.
This trial evaluates the impact of a systemic social work driven approach on medical power of attorney documentation, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in participants with stage I-IV gynecological cancers. Social work counseling and education may help increase the number of participants who complete medical power of attorney documents. Counseling and education may also affect attitudes about decision-making and willingness to take part in these conversations in participants with stage I-IV gynecological cancers and their family members and/or caregivers.
This clinical trial studies the attitudes, beliefs, and preferences of older stage I-III breast cancer survivors towards physical activity. Studies have shown that older African-American and women of lower socioeconomic status are more likely than their Caucasian counterparts and women of higher socioeconomic status to have functional disability at the time of a new breast cancer diagnosis. Functional disability is the inability to independently complete activities of daily living and increases health care costs and deaths. The poor health status of older African-Americans with breast cancer has been suggested to diminish the long-term benefits from cancer treatment, resulting in older African-American women more likely to die from breast cancer compared to Caucasians. Questionnaires that measure the attitudes, beliefs, and preferences of older breast cancer survivors may lead to the development of an intervention that increases physical activity, improves functional and health status, and improves breast cancer treatment benefits translating to improved survival among older breast cancer survivors in general, and in particular among older African-American and lower socioeconomic status women with breast cancer.
This study explores among couples in which both members are obese how the use of mental contrasting along with implementation intentions influence intentions and behavior related to weight loss (eating healthy and exercise), actual weight loss, as well as potential reasons (i.e., mediators) why these changes may occur (e.g., social support, changes in beliefs about weight loss, confidence in being able to eat healthy and diet).
The objective of this study is to ascertain factors shaping medical students' pre-residency intention to provide abortion through an in-depth qualitative investigation into the context and experiences that shape intention to provide.
The purposes of this study are to (1) identify predictors of Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptability among college men based on the Health Belief Model through focus groups, (2) triangulate focus group results with a prior quantitative study in developing an intervention based on the Health Belief Model to enhance HPV vaccine acceptability, and (3) test the efficacy of the above intervention based on the Health Belief Model by comparing it to a knowledge-based intervention. Approximately five focus groups with ten participants in each group with college students in the ages 18-25 years will be conducted at a large Midwestern University for the qualitative piece. Data will be analyzed for categories and triangulated with previous study to develop a theory based intervention. For the quantitative piece a randomized controlled design with 45 participants in each arm (theory based intervention and knowledge based intervention) will be implemented.