387 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the CGX/Lucidify EEG system in enabling physicians to detect delirium (confusion) in medically ill patients as early as possible in order to minimize the detrimental effects of delirium. The study will involve collecting EEG data through the CGX EEG system (a Research-grade 2-Channel EEG device) and applying the Lucidify EEG software algorithm to identify indicators and degree of delirium, obtain data regarding the amount and degree of patient's movement and activity throughout the day in order to detail delirium subtype, and obtain data regarding the quality of the sleep as it affects delirium severity and duration. By enhancing early detection, this research aims to improve patient outcomes and inform clinical decision-making.
This study aims to better understand how epilepsy alters brain function through neuroimaging of healthy people and people with epilepsy. The study investigates how changes in brain metabolism (sugar consumption, measured by positron emission tomography \[FDG-PET\], and blood flow, measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging \[fMRI\]) relate to abnormal interictal electrical activity associated with epilepsy (measured by electroencephalography \[EEG\]). The study will also compare how the three imaging modalities localize regions of abnormal function in the brain.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if training with the Prism system can reduce PTSD symptoms in US military Veterans and civilians with PTSD. Prism is a form of neurofeedback training that uses EEG signals to promote self-regulation of brain function. The main question this study aims to answer is: Does Prism training lead to decreased PTSD symptoms in US Veterans and civilians when used in addition to usual PTSD treatment? Researchers will compare Prism training to a sham training (a look-alike training that does not provide real feedback on brain activity) to see if Prism training decreases PTSD symptoms. Participants will: * Complete two one-hour in-person training sessions a week for about 8 weeks (15 sessions) * Complete two booster training sessions one month and two months after finishing the main training course * Participate in three detailed interviews: one before training, a second after nine weeks of training, and a third one month after the last booster training session (about 20 weeks after the initial visit)
The goal of this study is to characterize an electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarker for fentanyl and understand where this signal is coming from in the brain. The investigators also aim to understand how this EEG biomarker is connected to patient perception to drug liking.
The goal of this study is to develop and validate an approach for accurate targeting and stimulation of brain networks using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using information from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. This study requires two visits from each participant. In the first visit, the participant will be scanned by MRI scanners to collect data from the brain. Next, the data will be analyzed by the researcher to model the connections between different regions of the brain to determine the stimulation areas related to the so-called frontoparietal network. In the second visit, the participants will take four TMS sessions with different types of stimulations applied to the computed targets and complete a computer-based task named multi-source interference task. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data will be collected during the TMS stimulations and tasks. The main hypothesis is that applying TMS stimulations to the brain targets reduces the response time and response error in the tasks.
The goal of this observational study is to learn how the brain's information processing changes during and following administration of serotonergic psychedelics (psilocybin, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/DMT, Lystergic Acid Diethylamide/LSD, etc.) for people with and without mental illness receiving serotonergic psychedelics through any clinical trial at Yale University. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause the brain to rely on new information more than previously learned information while under the influence? What about 1 day, 5-14 days, and 4-6 weeks after use? 2. Do serotonergic psychedelics cause long-lasting side-effects in how people perceive (see, hear, feel, etc.) the world and how easily people change their beliefs? 3. How does the brain's electrical activity change after using serotonergic psychedelics? How does the balance between excitation and inhibition change while under their effect? 4. Can changes in how the brain uses information predict who will benefit from a psychedelic and who will have side effects from psychedelics? Researchers will compare with people given placebos to see what changes in brain processing are unique to serotonergic psychedelics. Participants will have the opportunity to do some combination of the following: 1. Online computer assessments consisting of games and questionnaires that probe how participants think. 2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) with eyes closed and with repeated clicks, images, or sensations delivered. 3. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. 4. Semi-structured qualitative interviews about their experience after taking a serotonergic psychedelic recorded via Zoom.
The project is a randomized, two-arm trial assessing the immediate impact of upper and lower cervical chiropractic adjustments on brain and heart patterns. Thirty individuals (15 per arm) will be recruited from the general population to participate in the study. Qualified participants will undergo a chiropractic physical exam, assessing for cervical subluxations, and a health history review with a Georgia licensed chiropractor. Individuals will be randomized to either an adjustment group or sham group. The adjustment group will receive an upper and lower cervical adjustment with an instrument designed to provide a gentle, targeted adjustment. The sham group will receive a touch sham at similar cervical locations with the same instrument. Both groups will have a 1-hour recording session with an EEG and ECG set-up plus a series of baseline recordings, interventions, and post recordings.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of EEG-enhanced transcranial magnetic stimulation (eTMS) as an adjunct to standard-of-care therapies for chronic trauma and stressor related disorders (TSRD) among US military veterans. The main questions the study aims to answer are: * Is it safe to provide 30 sessions of eTMS for veterans with chronic TSRD? * Is it feasible to provide 30 sessions of eTMS as an adjunct to standard-of-care therapies for veterans with chronic TSRD? * Does health-related quality of life improve among veterans after 30 sessions of eTMS as an adjunct to standard-of-care therapies for chronic TSRD? Participants will undergo 30 sessions of eTMS as an adjunct to standard-of-care therapies for veterans with chronic TSRD, weekly reassessment during treatment, and intermittent follow-up for 36 weeks post-enrollment.
The purpose of this study is to compare the standard clinical electroencephalography (EEG) device with a new portable wireless EEG device, further referred to as zEEG, made by ZETO®. zEEG was designed to make EEG studies simpler, safer, more comfortable, faster, and less obstructive for the patient, also easier to set up for technicians. Wireless and battery powered, it uses the latest mobile technology. Contrary to the clinical EEG, this headset does not use any glue between the skin and the electrodes. Minor skin irritation may still occur but much less likely than from the collodion glue used in the clinical electrodes. In addition, the zEEG system does not need any gel to be applied to the skin. The zEEG electrodes are dry and disposable. They have never been used on any other head before. No additional risk is involved with setting it up. In addition to the clinically necessary EEG electrodes or intracranial electrodes for long term monitoring, we will place zEEG on the head to compare the sensitivity of the new device to the traditional device. zEEG is proven to meet the standard of clinical system and received an FDA clearance in 2018. If further clinical tests validate its technical parameters and comfort, it may replace traditional clinical EEG systems.
This is a Phase 0, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study to assess the changes in ERP Biomarkers in Healthy Volunteers before and after administration of a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine. Primary objectives are to quantify the effect size of ketamine-induced changes on MMN from a duration-deviant auditory oddball ERP test and to quantify the variability of ketamine-induced changes on MMN from a duration-deviant auditory oddball ERP test.
The investigators intend to recruit 600 participants to see if alpha power during anesthesia is influenced by analgesic medication and associated with a reduction of delirium following surgery.
The goal of this study is to monitor the brain using electroencephalography (EEG) while transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is being administered, as a potential pathway to determine neurophysiological markers capable of forecasting the intensity of a subject's response to tDCS.
Multi-center, prospective, observational study investigating the incidence of isoelectric electroencephalography (EEG) events and the associated peri-operative factors in infants 0-3yo undergoing general anesthesia.
In a previous study, NCT00582127, two age-matched cohorts, one clinically diagnosed with mild Alzheimer's disease and the other healthy controls, were tested with a hand-held EEG/ERP system to determine if the cohorts could be discriminated using the EEG/ERP measures. This study proposes to retest the AD cohort 18-60 months after their first test to characterize the change in EEG/ERP measures correlated with the longitudinal change in neuropsychological testing.
The purpose of the proposal is to identify new predictors of smoking progression in young light smokers (YLS: 18-25 years \& cpd \< 5) using an 18-month longitudinal design and to relate these predictors of progression to the genetic profile most highly associated with smoking progression. A number of novel predictors will be assessed in 128 YLS. Predictors will include individual differences (IDs) in EEG, reward sensitivity, attentional performance, and mood during abstinence and in response to standardized and to self-selected acute nicotine doses (ANIC), as well as genetically influenced affective traits, and smoking history. The associations of a compelling genetic functional variant polymorphism, rs16969968, in the alpha5 nicotinic receptor subunit will also be related to smoking progression and the novel predictors. The study is expected to provide insights into IDs in mechanisms and predictors that contribute to smoking trajectories in YLS and thereby lead to targeted pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions for at-risk YLS.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of exercise on the symptoms of depression using serum levels of serotonin, catecholamine's, Alpha EEG asymmetry, and self-report of symptoms as markers. In an attempt to further understand the mechanisms of improved mood through exercise; this study will examine the known factors that contribute to depressed mood in a single study using serotonin and catecholamine levels via blood serum and EEG slow wave asymmetry. Such information can be useful in understanding the overall neurological components of depression and the effects of exercise on the brain in depressed individuals that would make the prescription of exercise a viable treatment option.
The field of neuroeconomics has begun to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying self-control; however, researchers have not yet harnessed neuroeconomics findings to develop interventions for improving self-control ability. The investigators are currently developing such an intervention. The investigators' approach involves using a brain-computer interface with audiovisual feedback to show people what is happening in their own brains, in real time. Through this interface, individuals are trained to increase levels of neural activity that may facilitate self-control, which, in turn, may improve the ability to exhibit self-controlled behaviors. This may increase the ability to engage in heath behaviors for which self-control is required (eg, dieting and exercising). The investigators' long-term goal is to create a tool that will help people develop the self-control needed to achieve lasting improvements in health behaviors.
To determine whether EEGs during infancy is a reliable biomarker to identify TSC patients that will develop infantile spasms/epilepsy in the near future and thus are appropriate candidates for an antiepileptogenic drug trial. Since not all patients with TSC develop epilepsy, it would be useful to have a biomarker that could predict those patients destined to have epilepsy and thus identify those TSC patients most appropriate for an antiepileptogenic drug trial. A recent study suggests that treating TSC patients with an abnormal EEG prior to onset of infantile spasms with vigabatrin may improve neurological outcome, but the use of EEG as a reliable biomarker of future epilepsy has not been rigorously validated. In this specific aim, we will test the reliability of EEG in predicting future development of infantile spasms or epilepsy in TSC patients during the first year of life.
Exposure to alcohol related cues, such as the sight of alcoholic drinks, may induce craving for alcohol in drinkers. In this study, the effects of exposure to (1) the pictures of alcoholic drinks and (2) the imagining of a scene related to drinking on activity in the frontal region of the brain in heavy social drinkers will be determined. This study is being conducted to develop the methods needed to allow for the detection of cue-induced changes in drinkers using the EEG. The objective of this pilot study is to establish procedures for detecting alcohol-related cue-elicited changes in EEG activity in heavy drinkers.
Background: - Different regions of the brain are activated when a person performs a task. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are tests that detect changes in the brain. EEG looks at changes in electrical signals, and NIRS looks at changes in blood flow. These tests can detect local changes in brain activity in a safe and noninvasive way. Researchers want to study brain activity more closely by combining these tests. Objectives: - To use EEG and NIRS to study brain activity during specific tasks. Eligibility: - Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. * Participants will have between one and five testing sessions. Each session will be 1 to 2 hours long. The tests given at each session will be determined by the researchers. * Participants will have EEG and NIRS tests, given either separately or together. During these tests, participants will perform tasks of thinking and reasoning. * Participants may also complete optional tests of thinking and reasoning. These tests will be given on paper or on a computer.
Background: * Electroencephalography (EEG) records electric patterns produced by the brain, and can detect conditions such as epilepsy or other l abnormalities that may affect brain function. In EEG studies, electric patterns that resemble epileptic seizures are known as epileptiform pattern. These patterns are associated with an increased risk of seizures, even in people who have not been diagnosed with epilepsy. Epileptiform patterns also appear on the EEGs of some children who have autism spectrum disorders but do not have epilepsy. It is unclear if these discharges are related in any way to the symptoms of autism (behavior, language or intellectual abilities). * Divalproex sodium (Depakote) is a drug that has been used for many years to treat epilepsy and other brain disorders in children and adults. Researchers are interested determining whether treatment with divalproex sodium can reduce epileptiform patterns in children with autism spectrum disorders, and in doing so study whether this treatment can improve behavior, language or cognition in children with autism spectrum disorders. Objectives: - To study the effectiveness of using divalproex sodium to reduce epileptiform EEG discharges in children with autism spectrum disorders. Eligibility: - Children between 3 and 10 years of age who have an autism spectrum disorder and show frequent epileptiform discharges on an overnight EEG. Design: * This study will last for a total of 9 months, with 6 months of treatment with either divalproex sodium or a placebo followed by 3 months of treatment with divalproex sodium only. * Potential participants will be screened with a physical examination and medical history, blood samples, and psychological tests, and will spend the night in the NIH Clinical Center to have an overnight EEG. Children with frequent epileptiform abnormalities on the EEG will continue with the study; all others will be considered ineligible. * Eligible participants will receive either divalproex sodium or a placebo to be taken twice daily for 24 weeks. Neither the investigators nor the participants will know which they are taking. * Participants will have regular visits (every 2-4 weeks) to monitor for adverse effects and to test for possible behavioral improvement, and will also have overnight EEG testing at 12 and 24 weeks. * At the end of the 24-week study period, participants will have the option to have an additional 12 weeks of treatment with divalproex sodium. * A final evaluation (including EEG) will be conducted at the end of the final treatment period.
This study uses EEG to study brain waves at rest and in response to specific auditory and visual sensory stimuli in autistic children. We hypothesize that, compared to same age peers, autistics will show abnormalities in their electrophysiologic processing of sounds (tones and phonemes)and visual stimuli (flashes of light)and that these abnormalities will be able to separate autistics not only from typical children but also into clinical subgroups with specific biological/electrophysiological characteristics. We hope to find biological measures which will prove diagnostic of autism in very young children and which can be used in the measurement of treatment outcome in future intervention trials.
Patients with epilepsy undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) have electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded before and during their stimulation treatment. Subsequently the investigators will be using computer-assisted analysis of the digitally-recorded EEG signals to assess the effects of DBS on the brain-wave frequency content and any abnormal seizure-like patterns that may be present.
The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the impact of a specific guided meditation (Twin Hearts Meditation; THM) on cognitive functioning and EEG dynamics in experienced and inexperienced meditators. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Will the experienced meditators outperform inexperienced meditators on the attention control tasks (Flanker, Trails A \& B) at baseline (pre-meditation)? * Will both groups show improvements in performance after meditation associated with mood and physiological state changes? * Will the experienced meditators show an overall mood profile of higher positive mood states and less negative mood states (Brunel Mood Scale subscale difference) at baseline (pre-meditation)? * Will both groups show mood state improvements after meditation? * Will the experienced meditators show differences in electrophysiological characteristics compared to inexperienced meditators? * Will inexperienced meditators exhibit shifts from their baseline resting-state EEG towards being more similar to the EEG characteristics of experienced meditators at baseline? * Will experienced meditators demonstrate differences in P300 latencies and amplitudes on the auditory oddball paradigm. Participants will: * Take a series of pre-meditation surveys. * Complete pre-meditation P300 auditory oddball task. * Complete pre-meditation cognitive behavioral task set. * Continuous 19-channel EEG recording before and after pre-recorded guided THM. * Take a series of post-meditation surveys. * Complete post-session P300 auditory oddball task. * Complete post-session cognitive behavioral task set.
This study aims to assess the impact of social influence on direct neural recordings in human patients undergoing surgical treatment of epilepsy. 24 patients recruited from the Epilepsy Center at Dartmouth Health Medical Center (DHMC) will undergo electrode implantation throughout the brain to localize epileptogenic zones. Patients will be asked to rate their provider's warmth, competence, and other, similar traits associated with care-competency. They will then complete the picture-induced fear and math portions of the multimodal negative affect task (MNAT) during which iEEG is recorded.
This is a randomized, sham controlled study of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) based Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (eTMS) treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The recruitment goal is 110 participants who are United States Military veterans or first responders (e.g., firefighters, police, paramedics, etc.). The Study includes an EEG recording in order to determine the optimal treatment parameters for the eTMS system, followed by 15 in-office visits that take place over 21-28 total days. Two eTMS treatment sessions are administered during each office visit.
To learn about occupational stress among surgeons and musicians by integrating psychological assessments, neurophysiological measures, and biomarkers.
The goal of this observational study is to learn about the usability of portable EEG sensors (REMI) in the home with infants and young children. The main question it aims to answer is: Can families comfortably use portable EEG sensors (REMI) in the home with their children? Families will wear the REMI sensors for an extended period of time (30 minutes to 1 week) and answer online survey questions.
The goal of this study is to test the efficacy of anesthesia-induced dreaming for PTSD in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in a non-surgical setting (Phase II). The investigators predict that inducing and sustaining a dream state prior to emergence from anesthesia will result in reduced symptoms of PTSD. Half of the participants will be randomly allocated to a Dream Group, while the other half will be in the No-Dream group.
Seizures are common in children (\~350 per 100,000 patients per year) and require immediate medical attention. If the seizure is prolonged (\> 5 minutes) it is called status epilepticus and delayed treatment leads to higher risk in drug resistance and brain injury. The current standard of care for children admitted to the ICU with established or suspected status epilepticus is to start a conventional continuous EEG study that helps diagnosing seizures by typical electro graphic patterns. It takes on average 4 hours to start and another two hours to obtain a reading by epileptologists. This is far beyond the time window of starting an EEG study (60 minutes) as recommended by the neurocritical care society. In adult ICUs, point of care "Rapid Response EEG" are becoming a new standard of care and our ICU adopted this practice in 2020. It can be easily placed by the ICU staff rather than a specifically trained EEG technician but has a lower resolution due to fewer leads (10 vs. 20). The purpose of this study is to determine wether and by how much time RR-EEG yields faster preliminary EEG reports that the previously available conventional EEG (cEEG) and wether the detection of electro graphic seizures is comparable. This is a retrospective cohort study following patients who are admitted to the PICU and are placed on either cEEG or RR-EEG for status epilepticus.