40 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
How does one know what to look at in a scene? Imagine a "Where's Waldo" game - it's challenging to find Waldo because there are many 'salient' locations in the picture, each vying for one's attention. One can only attend to a small location on the picture at a given moment, so to find Waldo, one needs to direct their attention to different locations. One prominent theory about how one accomplishes this claims that important locations are identified based on distinct feature types (for example, motion or color), with locations most unique compared to the background most likely to be attended. An important component of this theory is that individual feature dimensions (again, color or motion) are computed within their own 'feature maps', which are thought to be implemented in specific brain regions. However, whether and how specific brain regions contribute to these feature maps remains unknown. The goal of this study is to determine how brain regions that respond strongly to different feature types (color and motion) and which encode spatial locations of visual stimuli extract 'feature dimension maps' based on stimulus properties, including feature contrast. The investigators hypothesize that feature-selective brain regions act as neural feature dimension maps, and thus encode representations of salient location(s) based on their preferred feature dimension. The investigators will collect eye-tracking data while participants view visual stimuli made salient based on different combinations of feature dimensions. From the eye-tracking data, the investigators will construct fixation heat maps on the feature dimensions for all levels of salience, allowing them to connect behavioral data to the latter fMRI dataset. Each participant will freely view the stimuli as they appear on the computer display. Across trials, the investigators will manipulate 1) the 'strength' of the salient locations based on how different the salient stimulus is compared to the background, 2) the number of salient locations, and 3) the feature value(s) used to make each location salient. Altogether, these manipulations will help the investigators fully understand these critical salience computations in the healthy human visual system.
The goal of this research is to determine how removal of little cigar and cigarillo (LCC) flavor descriptors on packaging impacts attention and affective responses to LCC warnings. A study will be conducted using eye tracking, electrodermal activity (galvanic skin response), and survey measures of affect to measure participant responses to LCC packages varied by warning type (pictorial vs. text only) and flavor contents ('Sweet' flavor descriptor vs. no flavor descriptor).
The study will use a non-invasive remote eye-tracking system (Eyelink Portable Duo) to acquire a short series of eye-tracking measures.
Mutual exclusivity is a word learning constraint in which the learner assumes that a given word refers to only one category of objects. In spoken languages, mutual exclusivity has been demonstrated in monolingual children as young as 17 months and cross-linguistically, while multilingual learners show an attenuated mutual exclusivity bias. Mutual exclusivity has not been robustly demonstrated in deaf children acquiring American Sign Language (ASL). Further, it is unclear if mutual exclusivity applies to those learning both a signed and a spoken language. Like unimodal bilinguals, bimodal bilingual (BiBi) children learn two words for an object, but these words are separated by modality. A BiBi child could therefore assume that all objects have two words (like unimodal bilinguals) or that all objects have one spoken word and one sign (within-modality mutual exclusivity). The goals of the current study are to demonstrate mutual exclusivity in monolingual deaf children acquiring ASL, and to determine if BiBi deaf children utilize mutual exclusivity within each modality.
The goal of this study is to examine attention elicited by icon, text-only, and control front-of-package food labels. The study also aims to explore whether English language proficiency moderates the impact of icon vs. text-only labels on attention.
HYPOTHESIS: 1. Horizontal convergence tracked with Tobii glasses is a reliable substitute for accommodation in young myopes and hyperopes with normal accommodative amplitudes 2. Young mypopes and hyperopes demonstrate different reading behaviors during near work AIMS \& OBJECTIVES: 1. Compare the accommodative responses measured with the Grand Seiko open-field autorefractor to those derived from the Tobii Glasses, when subjects wear (1) spectacle glasses, (2) single vision contact lenses (SVCLs), and (3) multifocal contact lenses (MFCLs). 2. Investigate subjects' natural and dynamic accommodative behaviors and eye postures during reading using the Tobii Glasses. 3. Compare the change in natural and dynamic accommodative behaviors and eye postures during reading between myopes and hyperopes using the Tobii Glasses.
Neurotrack™ is an FDA-approved device for measuring and tracking cognitive decline, as may occur with age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. The device uses a webcam (World Wide Web enabled camera) to assess eye-tracking as the subject views black-and-white images on the computer screen. The test takes less than 5 minutes to complete. This study will examine the feasibility and utility of pre-operative assessment of cognition using Neurotrack™ technology. The predictive value of Neurotrack™ will be compared to our previous work using pupillometry. The primary outcome is a measure of delirium in the recovery room and secondary outcomes include total length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and readmissions within 30 days of surgery.
This is an observational prospective study in a cohort of healthy subjects who are enrolled using convenience and snowballing sampling. The aims of the study is to demonstrate the efficacy of using NeuraLight system to capture oculometric data from healthy participants and to validate the data capture of NeuraLight oculometric measurements as compared with a validated eye-tracker system in subjects who meet the inclusion criteria and who provide a signed Informed Consent.
The purpose of this study is to assess whether eye-tracking technology can be used to differentiate the visual gaze patterns of experienced and novice laryngoscopists while reviewing prerecorded laryngeal videos with both normal and abnormal findings and to characterize any differences arising between level of training groups.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of cigarette pictorial warning label content (lesser-known vs well-known risks) on visual engagement, recall, and knowledge of tobacco use harms.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of use of a wearable communication device for critically ill patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and mechanically ventilated. The study will assess the safety, tolerability, and ease of use of the EyeControl device, and examine its potential monitoring capabilities.
The goal of this study is to develop a comfortable system that uses a wearable eye-tracker similar to eyeglasses to assist people with epilepsy in counting and measuring the severity of seizures. Participants will wear an eye-tracker during a routine EEG.
Researchers are studying the behaviors in teachers of invasive bedside procedures to improve the safety of invasive bedside procedure in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Biomarkers of recent drug use and intoxication have societal relevance, in that they are used by law enforcement and other agencies to detect drug impairment. For instance, a breathalyzer can quickly and accurately detect blood alcohol content (BAC) to indicate if a person is under the influence of alcohol; however, there is currently no similar way to quickly detect if a person is under the influence of cannabis. In light of increasing cannabis use, it is important to define a quantitative, objective method of determining recent use and intoxication. The link between changes in eye characteristics (e.g. movement, pupil dilation) and cannabis use is documented (Peragallo et al. 2013), but insufficiently characterized. Certain outcomes of eye behavior are known to be affected by recent cannabis use (e.g. the eyes' ability to converge on a target; Stapleton et al 1986), while findings are mixed regarding other outcomes (e.g. the eyes' ability to smoothly follow a target; Fant et al. 1998). Thus, the goal of this study is to identify a characteristic pattern of eye behavior, defined by performance on a battery of four eye tasks, as a function of recent cannabis use (7% vs. 0% THC). Using 30 healthy cannabis users (15 men, 15 women), this study will be one of the first to assess changes in eye behavior as a function of recent cannabis use within a quantified virtual reality (VR) environment. This study will examine the effect of smoked cannabis (7% vs. 0% THC) on individual eye movements, with the goal of defining the utility of the eyes as potential objective indicators of cannabis use and intoxication. Four eye tests (nystagmus, smooth pursuit, convergence, and pupillary light response; outlined below), which previous literature has defined as effective in detecting recent drug use (including opioids and alcohol; Murillo et al. 2004), have been compiled into a 5-minute task battery using a VR headset environment equipped with high frequency infrared eye trackers (the HTC Vive with Pupil Labs Tracking). This 5-minute VR battery of four eye tests will be administered prior to cannabis consumption as a baseline, and then at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, and 165 min after cannabis, with the goal of comparing baseline values to the ten post-cannabis timepoints to detect changes in eye behavior as a function of cannabis intoxication. The study will also utilize a battery of subjective-effects and mood visual analogue scales (0-100 mm; e.g. 'Good Drug Effect') prior to the eye test battery at each timepoint, allowing us to correlate each outcome of the eye tasks to subjectively reported cannabis impairment and mood. In addition to measuring eye behavior as a function of cannabis use, the training session of this study will be used to also collect exploratory data on the relationship between pupil dilation and experimental pain. Using Quantitative Sensory Testing (Medoc TSA-II NeuroSensory Analyzer), thermal pain threshold and tolerance will be induced using a cold stimulus (4.0°C; induced with a 30 x 30 mm Peltier thermode, which is 1.5" square metal applicator that is connected to the TSA-II NeuroSensory Analyzer device and software, and produces an ongoing cold sensation applied to the lower palm of the participant's non-dominant hand). Participants will indicate first feelings of pain (pain threshold), and when the pain becomes too much to bear (pain tolerance) by pressing a button on a controller connected to the TSA-II. Throughout exposure to the cold stimulus, changes in pupil size to the patient's subjectively reported pain latencies will be recorded.
The purpose of this study is to determine if an eye tracking impairment sensor can detect cannabis-induced impairment after using cannabis.The overall objective is to correlate measures collected from the eye tracking sensor with measures related to cannabis impairment (e.g., plasma THC levels, self-reported cannabis subjective effects, cognitive effects).
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a health issue impacting athletes and no clinical treatment protocol, other than rest, is yet established. The efficacy of a treatment protocol relies on objective, physiological measures of brain function and ultimately a quantification of injury severity. The present study aims to assess neurophysiological markers of auditory and visual measures of brain function using the NeuroCatch Platform and eye-tracking technology, respectively. The current gold standard of TBI evaluation, including cognitive and balance assessments, will also be captured.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most frequent injuries affecting service members. Unfortunately, current neurocognitive assessment tools are unable to reliably detect mild TBI more than a few days post- injury. Therefore, development of advanced systems for assessment and diagnosis of TBI are a top priority within Department of Defense. This project aims to evaluate a combined electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking system capable of assessing compromised cognitive function stemming from TBI, with the goal of enhancing operational readiness and aiding in diagnosis, improving health care and rehabilitation for affected military personnel.
The overall goal of this research is to use neurophysiological measures to profile strengths and deficits for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder co-morbidity in Autism Spectrum Disorder to clarify diagnosis and to predict treatment response.
This pilot study examines concurrent and predictive relationships between eye tracking and clinical outcomes during a 16-week behavioral intervention (PRT) for children with ASD. Eye tracking will be comprised of both laboratory-based measures (using a commercial eye-tracking system) as well as home-based measures (using tablet-based eye tracking systems). The major goals of this study are both to improve our understanding of the potential role of eye tracking in clinical trials and to advance technologies that may further improve the sensitivity, robustness, accessibility, and ultimate utility of eye tracking methodologies.
A device has been developed that has eye trackers integrated within the Head Mounted Display (HMD) and can remap text and images around the scotoma in real time to prevent information loss from a central scotoma. It can also carry out other types of image processing such as contrast enhancement and image magnification. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of this device on the visual performance of participants suffering from central vision loss, with and without remapping
This proposal aims to describe the oculometric features present during King-Devick (K-D) testing for subjects who experienced sports-related concussion. The investigators aim to better describe the underlying oculomotor anomalies present in this cohort that lead to increased K-D test time. Understanding these anomalies will allow for better understanding of the effects of sports-related concussion and may provide a rapid and reliable metric for diagnosing concussion as well as monitoring long-term recovery.
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate eye-tracking measures that can be used to evaluate neurocognitive dysfunction among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
The purpose of this study is to validate and refine a diagnostic device that can detect attention and memory deficits that result from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
The purpose of this single center, longitudinal, pilot study is to provide evidence for the use of an eye tracking system as an objective tool to identify mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) related oculomotor dysfunction (OMD) and predict the effectiveness of neurovision rehabilitation (NVR) of OMD. Eye tracking visual stimulus measurements will be compared to objective developmental optometrist (OD) diagnosis and assessments. It will be determined whether an eye tracking system can predict the presence or absence of mTBI related OMD and whether mTBI patients who have OMD based on the eye tracking system will respond positively to NVR.
This is a prospective multi-center cohort feasibility and exploratory study.
This study will assess the effects of exercise and non-concussive bodily contact on eye-tracking scores collected by the EYE-SYNC eye-tracking device.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether healthy volunteers are more successful at understanding people with aphasia if they have first viewed an aphasia identification (ID) card. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does viewing an aphasia ID card improve healthy volunteers' understanding of the language errors made by people with aphasia? * Does viewing an aphasia ID card improve healthy volunteers' understanding of people with aphasia who make long pauses in their speech? Researchers will compare aphasia ID cards to a control condition (no ID card) to see whether aphasia ID cards improve healthy volunteers' understanding. Healthy volunteers will visit the study site for a single session (about 2 hours long). During the session they will: * Complete brief tests of their vision, hearing and thinking * Listen to sentences produced by a speaker with aphasia while their eye movements are recorded * Complete a survey about the experience of listening to the speaker with aphasia
The investigators' objective is to test an innovative method of autism diagnosis that integrates clinical evaluation and assessment of biobehavioral markers in a large high-risk community-referral sample of children in the primary care setting.
The long-term study goal is to experimentally evaluate the components (and likely active ingredients) of early language interventions for young children with ASD. The overall objective is to determine how single-word and telegraphic simplification affects real-time language processing and word learning in young children with ASD (relative to full, grammatical utterances). The proposed project will investigate three specific aims: 1) Determine how single-word and telegraphic simplification affects language processing. 2) Determine how single-word and telegraphic simplification affects word learning. 3) Evaluate child characteristics that may moderate the effects of linguistic simplification on language processing and word learning. Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that children with ASD will process full, grammatical utterances faster and more accurately than single-word or telegraphic utterances. Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that full, grammatical utterances will support word learning better than telegraphic or single-word utterances. Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that language and cognitive skills significantly moderate the effects of linguistic simplification on language processing and word learning in young children with ASD.
The purpose of this study is to develop a highly portable, ruggedized diagnostic tool for concussion, EyeBOX Lens (EBLens), that can be utilized in deployed field and far-forward settings. The EBLens will be based on a concussion diagnostic algorithm from the FDA cleared EyeBOX device, developed by Oculogica, and eye-tracking data collected from a wearable set of eye-tracking glasses, developed by Adhawk Microsystems. Once the EBLens is prototyped, an algorithm for diagnosing concussion will be developed that is specifically appropriate for the EBLens via a case-control clinical study comparing 100 concussed to 100 non-concussed subjects (Phase I). Participants, age 18-35 years, will be recruited from the KACH research team and affiliated providers and clinical sites. Concussed individuals will be assessed within 72 hours of concussion. Demographics, basic medical history, symptom severity, a visio-vestibular exam and the EBLens scan will be collected on both injured cases and uninjured controls at a single time point. The algorithm and the EBLens will be validated in a subsequent, prospective cohort validation study (Phase II) designed for FDA submission. The correlation of the EBLens output with resolution of symptoms will also be observed in longitudinal follow-up of concussed participants in the validation study. The participant population for this study will be cadets recruited from the USMA and young athletes recruited from affiliated sites during baseline concussion testing. Participants will be assessed at baseline at the start of their academic year or sports season. Those participants who experience a concussive injury will be assessed again at three time points; 1) within 72 hours of injury, 2) weekly until and at the time of initiation of a graded return to activity protocol, and 3) upon clearance for unrestricted RTP/RTD.