16 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The primary purpose of this clinical investigation is to verify the performance of the GenePOC GBS Assay on the GenePOC Instrument. This will be achieved by comparing the Assay to the a Culture, a conventional method for detection of Streptococcus agalactiae in vaginal/rectal swab specimens from antepartum women.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the test characteristics of a rapid intrapartum real- time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) compared to the intrapartum GBS culture as the standard in preterm patients presenting with threatened preterm labor or with obstetric indications for preterm delivery.
The ARIES GBS Assay is a real-time PCR based qualitative test designed to detect Group B Streptococcus (GBS) nucleic acid from Lim Broth enriched vaginal-rectal specimen swabs obtained from pregnant women between 35 - 37 weeks gestation.
Sweeping or stripping of the membranes (in this paper referred to as "membrane sweeping") is a widely utilized technique to hasten delivery for women at 37+ weeks gestation. The process of membrane sweeping probably causes release of prostaglandins from the decidua and the cervix. The efficacy of membrane sweeping is well studied, and has been shown to increase the number of patients in labor within 72 hours, reduce the frequency of pregnancy continuing beyond 41 or 42 weeks, and reduce the frequency of formal induction of labor. Thus, it is a safe and practical option for women who wish to avoid inductions of labor or postterm pregnancies. Group B streptococcus (GBS; streptococcus agalactiae) is a gram positive coccus that frequently colonizes the human genital tract. In pregnant women, GBS can cause urinary tract infections, chorioamnionitis, and postpartum endometritis. Newborn infants can also acquire GBS infection during passage through the vagina. Early onset GBS disease in the newborn can lead to pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis, all of which can be life-threatening. Early onset GBS disease has become rare since the widespread use of GBS screening and prophylactic treatment of pregnant women. The relationship between early onset GBS disease and sweeping of the membranes is not known. Based on the theoretical increased risk of bacterial seeding after membrane sweeping, as well as concern for fast labors and inadequate treatment after membrane sweeping, some practitioners choose not to sweep membranes in GBS positive patients. A meta-analysis did not show a difference in neonatal or maternal infection rates between women who underwent membrane sweeping and those who did not. ACOG guidelines state "the risks of membrane stripping in GBS positive patients has not been investigated in well-designed, prospective studies. Therefore, data are insufficient to encourage or discourage this practice". Specific Aims: In order to help elucidate the effect of membrane sweeping in GBS positive patients, the investigators propose this prospective randomized trial. The investigators primary objective is to determine whether membrane sweeping in GBS positive women is associated with inadequate antibiotic treatment in labor (defined as less than four hours of antibiotic therapy prior to delivery). The investigators secondary objectives are to measure the effect of membrane sweeping on pregnancy duration, length of labor and adverse events potentially related to membrane sweeping such as maternal chorioamnionitis and neonatal morbidity. Randomization is the real research portion of this study, since offering membrane sweeping is already the standard of care. Patients are followed until the time of delivery, which is within 6 weeks of enrollment for most women.
To assess the safety and tolerability of IVT GBS-06 vaccine administered as a single-dose regimen, at three dosage levels in healthy, non-pregnant, adult women of childbearing age (WOCBA).
This study is an extension to the completed first-in-human C1091001 study (NCT03170609) and is to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a single booster vaccine dose of GBS6, administered approximately 2 years or more after a primary GBS6 dose, to healthy adult males and nonpregnant women. The study will determine whether individuals who received a primary dose of GBS6 have additional benefit following a booster dose.
The aim of this project is to identify the duration of vancomycin administration at which group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization is eradicated from the vaginal and recto-vaginal mucosa. This will aid in labor management and delivery planning to ensure that the mother receives adequate GBS prophylaxis while also minimizing the duration of exposure to vancomycin. In addition, this could prevent unnecessary prolonged hospitalization or septic workup of neonates whose mothers received vancomycin intrapartum. This study aims to identify the time after administration of IV vancomycin at which GBS colonies are 100% eradicated.
While it is clear that intrapartum antibiotics reduce neonatal GBS infection rates, the mechanism by which these drugs prevent neonatal GBS is not well established. One postulated theory is antibiotics work to reduce bacterial load in the birth canal; thus decreasing fetal exposure during labor and delivery. To our knowledge, the relationship between vancomycin and vaginal GBS colony counts has never been studied. In this prospective cohort study, our objective is to determine the relationship between intrapartum IV vancomycin and vaginal GBS colony counts.
The investigators wish to determine if oral probiotic supplementation during the second half of pregnancy decreases maternal GBS recto-vaginal colonization at 35-37 weeks' gestational age, thereby decreasing need for maternal antibiotic administration at time of labor. The importance of this study is that it may offer a safer alternative to antibiotic treatment of group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonized pregnant women.
This research is a NIH single site study with the aims to (1) determine whether surgically induced weight loss decreases the risk of CVD in morbidly obese subjects with T2DM. (2) elucidate the mechanisms by which surgically induced weight loss reduces over time the risk of CVD in morbidly obsess subjects with T2DM. Study'subjects will be enrolled from obese individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The study includes two groups, subjects undergoing gastric bypass surgery and a control group not undergoing weight loss surgery. A total of 60 subjects (30 in each group) will be recruited. Basal, 6 and 12 months assessments will include: insulin sensitivity determination, cardiovascular function by echo doppler, and DEXA scan. This study involves risk-level II procedures, however, the risks inherent to the gastric bypass surgery are not considered study-derived because subjects are enrolled from individuals that have already decided to have this surgery. We will determine protein expression profiles of inflammation-related adipokines in the subcutaneous and intra-abdominal adipose tissues of morbidly obese subjects with T2DM before and after surgically induced weight loss.
We are conducting a large, record-based study to assess the risk of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), a serious demyelinating disease, following immunization with the tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (Menactra) that is currently recommended for all adolescents. The study was requested by CDC and FDA because of an unexpected number of case reports to the CDC's Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). The study protocol was designed by the investigators, with input from FDA, CDC, and the vaccine's manufacturer, Sanofi-Pasteur. An external advisory board that includes CDC representation, provides input regarding important decisions. The manufacturer is not participating in the conduct of the study and has no control over the analysis or dissemination of results. The study is derived from five large US health plans with a total membership of approximately 50 million over the study time period. America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) serves as liaison between the health plans and the Coordinating Center at the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention of Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, and is the contracting organization with the health plans.
The group B streptococcus (GBS) vaccine study is being done to see if a single vaccination with a GBS type III vaccine can stop women from getting GBS type III bacteria in the vagina. Approximately 600 women, ages 18-40, will be enrolled from the clinical sites participating in this study. Participants will be non-pregnant, sexually active (sex with a male at least once in the last 4 months), and GBS negative in the vagina or rectum at the screening visit. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive the experimental GBS type III vaccine or a licensed vaccine containing Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoids (Td). Participants will be followed at one month, 2 months and every other month thereafter following vaccination (for vaginal and rectal swab collection and a blood draw) for 1½ years or a total of 10 post vaccination visits.
The purpose of this study is to test the safety and favorable immune response to an anti-streptococcal vaccine (a vaccine that treats a common bacterial infection) in healthy non-pregnant women. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) continues to be the single most frequent cause of life-threatening bacterial infection during the first 2 months of life. Further, GBS pregnancy-related morbidity afflicts more than 50,000 women annually in the US. Therefore, active immunization of women is an appealing strategy for the prevention of GBS disease in pregnant women and their infants during the first 3 months of infant life.
Evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the trivalent group B streptococcus vaccine in healthy pregnant women. The study will also evaluate the levels of GBS serotype-specific antibodies in infants, placental transfer from the pregnant women to the infant and levels of antibodies in the breast milk.
The purpose of the present study is to assess and compare in healthy non-pregnant women 18 to 40 years of age the safety and immunogenicity of a liquid formulation of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Trivalent Vaccine (not requiring reconstitution prior to administration), and of the lyophilized formulation of GBS Trivalent Vaccine, administered in non-pregnant and pregnant women in the clinical development program to date.
This study evaluates the use of a new method of growing and detecting Group B streptococcus in pregnant women. This new method utilizes sandwiched-membrane petri technology and has the advantage of detecting GBS in less than 6 hours, with less cost, and the potential of allowing antibiotic sensitivities to be performed.