39 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The proposed study is designed to test the effectiveness of recovery management checkups for women offenders (RMC-WO) released from jail to provide continuity of care immediately upon release and to help them manage their long-term recovery. The hypotheses in the first phase were: 1)women assigned to RMC (versus control) will a) return to treatment sooner after the initial release from jail and b) be more likely to receive treatment in the 90 days after release from jail; 2)women who received treatment in the first 90 days post release (vs. no treatment) will be more likely to sustain their abstinence through 90 days post release from a) any alcohol or drugs, b) alcohol, c) cannabis, d) cocaine, and e) opiates; 3)women who maintained their abstinence from any alcohol and other drugs through the first 90 days post release (vs. any relapse) will be less likely to have a) unprotected sex, b) commit any other illegal activity, and d) be re-incarcerated in jail or prison. In the second phase repeated exposure to these efforts on a quarterly basis is expected to further strengthen each of these effects.
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of two types of cognitive remediation training on real-world behavioral outcomes including substance use, institutional adjustment, and recidivism following release from prison. Each training type is designed to target one of two subtypes of antisocial criminal offenders, who are characterized by either: 1) Attention to context-based deficits, or 2) Affective cognitive control-based deficits. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does matching deficit type with targeted cognitive training improve outcomes (relative to mismatched training)? What are the functional brain mechanisms that underlie treatment change? Participants will: Be assigned to cognitive training that either does or does not match their deficit type. Complete six one-hour sessions of cognitive skills training. Complete pre and post-training behavioral tasks assessing self-regulation deficits. Complete structural MRI scans and functional MRI scans assessing cognitive control. Complete post-treatment follow-up assessments evaluating self-regulation, adjustment, and stressful life events, substance use and recidivism.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of NeuroResource Facilitation, a novel/innovative intervention, in reducing recidivism in offenders with brain injury (BI).
This study aims to test the efficacy of experiential-based training to increase DUI offenders' perceptions or risk associated with alcohol use.
This pilot study is intended to adapt and refine an intervention grounded in the principles of Dialectical Behavior Therapy, for the treatment of repeat criminal offenders with antisocial personality disorder. This study will be open to individuals participating in an intensive supervision program operated by the U.S. District Court of the Southern District of New York (the RISE Court program).
The goal is to conduct a feasibility effectiveness RCT of Virtual Interview Training (VIT) by comparing employment and recidivism outcomes of offenders (25 years and older) receiving vocational services as usual (SAU) plus VIT (SAU+VIT) with the outcomes of offenders receiving only services as usual (SAU-only). The plan calls for participants to include offenders who are at moderate to high risk for reoffending (with an emphasis on violent-crime reoffending) who are currently enrolled in a Vocational Village Prison Setting with the Michigan Department of Corrections.
WestEd and its partners Efficacity and the Oregon Youth Authority (OYA), are conducting a randomized controlled trial of an innovative teen pregnancy prevention program, Healthy U, for youthful male offenders. This study involves male teenagers (age 14-19) at high risk for involvement in risky sexual behavior, including teen pregnancy. The innovative, non-curricular, technology-based intervention, Healthy U, is self-directed, low-cost, user friendly, and offers great promise in reaching incarcerated youth. The purpose of this study is to test this intervention on a population of young men incarcerated at the OYA who will soon be released into the community. The intervention is tailored to this population by updating the design, videos, and examples to best reflect the youth in the study, and OYA staff are being trained to facilitate the self-guided intervention.
The goal is to conduct a confirmatory effectiveness RCT (and an implementation evaluation) of Virtual Interview Training (VIT) by comparing employment and recidivism outcomes of offenders receiving vocational services as usual (SAU) plus VIT (SAU+VIT) with the outcomes of offenders receiving only services as usual (SAU-only). The plan calls for participants to include offenders who are at moderate to high risk for reoffending (with an emphasis on violent-crime reoffending) who are currently enrolled in a Vocational Village.
Over half of state and federal prisoners meet clinical criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence, and after release from prison, over three-quarters of offenders are re-arrested within five years. Thus, there is a critical need for more effective interventions that could help disrupt this insidious cycle of alcohol abuse, criminal behavior, and incarceration. This project will support the development and evaluation of a mindfulness intervention for female prison inmates that will target key neuropsychological vulnerabilities that are associated with relapse and recidivism.
The smart phone application (B-SMART) to be developed in this research project for family members of DWI (Driving While Intoxicated) offenders and offenders themselves will extend the impact of the Ignition Interlock Device (IID) and help DWI offenders and their families avoid drunk driving once the IID is removed from their automobiles. As such, the public health consequences of DWI, in terms of health, morbidity and mortality, and its economic and societal consequences, will be positively influenced by a highly accessible and diffusible intervention. The proposed Phase II project will complete the development and programming of the B-SMART smartphone web app and test its impact in a randomized efficacy trial with first-time DWI offenders and their concerned family members.
This application proposes a 2-arm randomized controlled trial comparing the impact of PHAT Life on 350 13-17 year-old offenders' risky sex, STI, substance use, and theoretical mediators when delivered by Youth Representatives (YR) vs. probation staff (PS). 100 facilitators will be recruited to deliver the intervention and participate in the research.
In Phase I of this R34, the team from the University of California Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Irvine researchers plan to utilize the successful community participatory approaches to refine a gender-sensitive criminogenic needs -focused intervention program, Female Ex-Offender Mentoring in Care (FEM-CARE), with the help of a community advisory board, composed of homeless female offenders (HFOs) and addiction staff; and finalize strategies which will be validated by focus group sessions with the HFOs. In Phase 2, the research team will randomize 130 HFOs participating in one of two residential drug treatment programs to assess the impact of the FEM-CARE or a Health Promotion control program on reduction of drug and alcohol use and recidivism. This study is based upon our team's history of promoting theoretically-based, culturally sensitive nurse-led interventions that are enriched with criminal justice theoretical perspectives, and have resulted in significant reductions in drug and alcohol use among homeless persons, many of whom have had a history of incarceration. Specifically, the study aims are: AIM 1) Guided by a Community Advisory Board (CAB) made up of HFOs and addiction staff, further conceptualize our community-based program, Female Ex-Offender Mentoring in Care (FEM-CARE), to address the needs and risks of HFOs enrolled in RDT programs, and then refine the program in focus group discussions with 12 HFOs. AIM 2) Conduct a pilot RCT to assess the impact of the FEM-CARE program for 65 HFOs at six-month follow-up compared with 65 HFOs receiving a control Health Promotion (HP) program, in terms of a) self-reported and/or objective measures of drug and alcohol use; and b) prevalence of recidivism and number of days to first reincarceration. Hypothesis 2a: HFOs in the FEM-CARE program will have less drug and alcohol use at six months than HFOs in the HP control program. Hypothesis 2b: FEM-CARE HFOs will have a lower prevalence of recidivism by six months and greater number of days to first reincarceration than HP control HFOs.
The overall objective of this project is to develop, evaluate, and disseminate a web application for first-time DWI offenders that will provide them with an age-appropriate brief motivational intervention (BMI) to motivate them to reduce their drinking and a cognitive behavioral intervention (CBI) for to help them achieve and maintain abstinence. The goal is to reduce heavy drinking and consequently the risk for future drunk driving. The specific objectives of this Phase II are: * Completing the development of the Right Turns prototype based on feedback from the Phase I pilot study participants. This includes: providing more structure and guidance as participants work in the Tool Box section of the program; simplifying the content of the Tool Box; further R\&D in the text messaging feature for 2nd and 3rd tier cellular providers; implement a customized pdf report function for progress reports from the program to users' probation officers (under control of the user); developing a follow-up component and outcome reports; and revising the videos in the Tool Box to reflect greater diversity and a younger population of drinkers. * Conducting a randomized clinical trial of the program with first time DWI/DUI offenders who are recruited locally, collecting follow-up data, analyzing the data, and reporting the results.
Juvenile crime imposes enormous costs on victims, on society, and on juvenile offenders themselves. However, research assessing the efficacy of interventions for young offenders show, on average, only small effects on recidivism, substance abuse, and other behavioral outcomes. A major problem with existing interventions is that they tend to neglect individual differences in motivation and readiness to make positive changes. In earlier research, we used an empirically validated model of behavior change, the Transtheoretical Model (TTM, the "stage" model), and expert system technology to develop the Rise Above Your Situation program (RAYS), a prototype of a multimedia computerized tailored intervention designed as an adjunct to traditional juvenile justice programs. The intervention delivers assessments and individualized feedback matched to readiness to stay out of trouble with the law and quit alcohol and drugs. At the end each session the program also generates a helpgiver report that summarizes the youth's feedback and presents concrete, easy-to-implement strategies helpgivers can use to reinforce stage-matched concepts. In the current research, the goals are to complete development of the computerized tailored intervention; develop training and other support materials for helpgivers; and assess the efficacy of the intervention package in a randomized clinical trial involving 700 medium- to high-risk court-involved juveniles aged 13-17 recruited by 54 probation officers randomly assigned to treatment or standard care. Primary outcomes will be criminal recidivism and substance abuse abstinence at 6 and 12 months follow-up.
The goal of the study is to see if a Motivational Interviewing Case Management (MICM) intervention will improve outcomes for respondents who are on probation or parole, at risk for HIV and have recently entered a Sober Living House. The MICM will help respondents access needed services, adapt to their new living environment, find and maintain work, address HIV risk and treatment, and manage setbacks. The risk for HIV infection among criminal justice offenders is significant, as is the need for stable, drug free housing in this population. Our aim is to see if the MICM intervention in the context of drug free housing will improve health outcomes and reduce recidivism.
This study will determine the clinical effectiveness, moderators and mechanisms of change, and economic impact of an integrative, family-based intervention that concurrently targets change in HIV/Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD)-associated risk behaviors, drug abuse, delinquency, arrest and mental health outcomes for juvenile offenders committed to a juvenile justice day treatment program.
The proposed work addresses critical health and public safety issues in the U.S. and in Wisconsin: the intersection of addiction and crime and the prevention of associated individual and public health complications. The results will provide justification for the expanded involvement of primary care in the treatment of substance-related disorders (opioid dependence in particular) and the prevention of their complications. As such, the project answers to federal calls for the expansion of substance abuse treatment into primary care settings and to objectives within the Alcohol and Drug Focus Area of Healthiest Wisconsin 2020.
The proposed study addresses a significant public health threat of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among drug involved women on probation, parole or other community supervision. This randomized controlled trial aims to test the efficacy of a multimedia version of a 4-session, gender-specific, integrated drug use and HIV/STI prevention intervention (Multimedia Women On the Road To Health (WORTH)) in increasing condom use and decreasing the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among 420 drug-involved, female offenders in a large community court setting in New York City, compared to a non-media version of the same intervention (Traditional WORTH) and to a 4-session Wellness Promotion condition.
This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will rigorously evaluate the implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a couple-based integrated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and drug abuse prevention intervention (Connect II) with drug-involved male offenders charged with misdemeanors and their primary female sexual partners, implemented by frontline providers in Criminal Court, Community Court or probation (CCP) sites in NYC, compared to CCP standard treatment of care services (TAU). The primary outcomes are to reduce sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and increase condom use.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether SBIRT is an effective intervention with inmates and to estimate the costs of providing SBIRT to this population.
This study is examining the relative effects of alternative aftercare models for ex-offenders who are recovering from substance abuse/addiction. The study is a longitudinal, randomized field trial that assigns participants to one of three conditions: Oxford House, a professionally-run residential treatment facility, or a control condition that involves usual aftercare chosen by participants (which may include no treatment at all). Oxford Houses are self-run residential recovery homes based on the premise of mutual support. These homes do not involve professional treatment staff and the expenses (e.g. rent, utilities) are paid for by the residents. The hypothesis of this study is that Oxford House participants will have as good or better outcomes in terms of substance recovery, recidivism, and health in comparison to the participants who were assigned to the residential treatment facility, and better outcomes in comparison to the control group. In addition, the cost to government/tax payers will be substantially lower given that participants pay their own way.
This study will evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Therapeutic Education System (TES), a computer-based, psychosocial treatment program, relative to standard care when offered to individuals with substance use disorders in prison settings. The study will assess the comparative effectiveness of these interventions primarily by examining changes in: (1) substance use (e.g., weeks of abstinence), (2) HIV risk behavior (evaluated as both sex-related and drug-related HIV risk behavior) and (3) reincarceration rates. The study will also examine the extent to which these interventions improve psychosocial functioning (e.g., employment, health, and psychological status) and quality of life, and promote relevant skills acquisition (e.g., improve communication skills, reduce "criminal thinking"). The investigators predict significantly better outcomes for E vs. C due to TES' research-based content and use of proven informational technologies.
The main goal of the proposed study is to evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas (United Families), a family-based, ecodevelopmental intervention found to be previously efficacious in preventing and reducing behavior problems, illicit drug use, and unsafe sexual behavior in non-delinquent Hispanic adolescents (Pantin et al., 2003; Prado, Pantin, Briones et al., 2007). The study hypotheses are as follows: Hypothesis 1. Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in preventing drug use among Hispanic first offending adolescents or those who are at risk for committing a first time offense over time. Hypothesis 1a. The effect of Familias Unidas on drug use will be partially mediated by improvements in family functioning. Hypothesis 2. Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in preventing unsafe sexual behavior among Hispanic first offending adolescents or those who are at risk for committing a first time offense over time. Hypothesis 2a. The effect of Familias Unidas on unsafe sexual behavior will be partially mediated by improvements in family functioning. Hypothesis 3. Familias Unidas will be more efficacious than Treatment as Usual in preventing subsequent criminal offenses among Hispanic first offending adolescents or in preventing a first time offense for those at risk for committing a first time offense over time. Hypothesis 3a. The effect of Familias Unidas on subsequent criminal offenses will be mediated by family functioning.
This pilot study is examining the feasibility of a primary care and a specialist treatment (methadone clinic) model of treatment for 15 offenders who are part of two community supervision programs: Drug Court and the Treatment Alternative Program (TAP) in Dane County. The questions addressed by future larger studies based upon the current pilot-feasibility study will center around whether access to primary health care as opposed to more traditional methadone treatment services will improve the health and criminal justice outcomes for participants.
The focus of the present study is to examine the relative efficacy of a mind-body method, know as Mind-Body Bridging, of treating DV offenders as compared to a "treatment as usual" (TAU) approach. The study will be conducted on-site at ACES, a non-profit agency that provides licensed domestic violence offender and substance abuse treatment services in the Salt Lake City area.
Adolescents are at risk for HIV because of sexual and drug behavior initiated during this developmental period. Adolescents in the juvenile justice system are at increased risk for HIV due to higher rates of substance use and psychopathology than their non-offending peers. Juvenile justice youth may therefore also be less likely to benefit from frequently used skills based interventions. It appears that emotional lability, frequently found in this population, disrupts skills learned. This project will implement and evaluate an affect management HIV prevention intervention for adolescents in a juvenile drug court program. Affect management and general health promotion interventions will be compared to determine which intervention best reduces risk behavior among adolescents in the drug court.
This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an anger management treatment program, Juvenile Justice Anger Management for Girls, in reducing anger-related behaviors displayed by girls in the juvenile justice system.
This social science study hypothesizes that convicted felony drug offenders in Nebraska who participated in Specialized Substance Abuse Supervision (SSAS) as part of their probation or parole showed significantly better outcomes (specifically, less recidivism) at six months post-entrance to SSAS compared to those who did not participate in SSAS.
The primary aim of this project is to study more closely the role played by post-release aftercare in the outcomes of criminal offenders who received in-prison substance abuse treatment. Prison-based therapeutic communities (TC) (Pelissier et al., 2001; Wexler, 1995) have demonstrated efficacy, especially when combined with post-release TC aftercare (Melnick et al., 2001). The aims of this project are important from a public health perspective as there may be treatment matching, case management, and financing factors that could be manipulated to enhance the cost-effectiveness of community-based substance abuse treatment for offenders leaving prison. It is possible that both TC and Oxford House(OH) aftercare modalities increase abstinence social support, self-efficacy, and employment, which mediate reductions in drug use, reincarceration, and health problems, but overall benefits are likely to be greater for TCs because they employ professional services and empirically based behavioral strategies. However, OHs might have advantages compared to more traditional post-incarceration modalities (e.g., low costs). Bringing scientific methods to the examination of TCs and the OH community-based recovery models for addiction might help to identify the "active ingredients" of these recovery settings.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether Vivitrol is effective at reducing attempts to drive after drinking among repeat driving while intoxicated (DWI) offenders with Ignition Interlock devices.